RU2229784C1 - Method for sowing of grass and shrub seeds on desertified soil - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture and forestry, in particular, desertified land phytoamelioration processes. SUBSTANCE: method involves sowing grass and shrub seeds over ripped soil strips having transverse-vertical section of isosceles triangle, whose apex is oriented downward and rounded, with roundness radius being 2 cm; forming square profiled grooves for seeds in surface layer of ripped soil, with groove depth and width being 2 cm; providing intermittent sowing of seeds in 10-12 cm long portions with spacing of the same value; embedding seeds in grooves by pressing them into soil and simultaneously forming moisture accumulating depressions (holes) made in the form of inverted needle of 8-10 cm height and smaller side of its base of 2.5 cm. EFFECT: improved conditions for sufficient moisture accumulation providing for improved seed germination and further development of plants in arid zones. 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and forestry, in particular to methods of land reclamation of desertified lands.

A known method for improving semi-desert pastures and a device for its implementation, which consists in strip loosening of the soil, the formation of furrows with a depth of 0.03-0.06 m, sowing grass seeds in them and rolling sown rows, performed by a device with ring-spur rollers (SU 1558321 A1 , 05.16.1988).

The disadvantage of this method is the unjustified multi-operability of its implementation, which consists in loosening the paws of the soil, in its double compaction - ring-spur rollers before sowing seeds and smooth rollers - after sowing, as well as the lack of moisture accumulation for the development of sown seeds in rolled and practically leveled soil .

A known method of sowing and a device for its implementation, including the formation of furrows with the laying of seeds and pressing them into the soil in helical grooves, followed by dusting (SU 954020 A, 03/04/1981).

The disadvantage of this method is the lack of moisture storage conditions for better germination and seed development, because after sowing and pressing them into the soil with rolling rollers, this surface with seeds, with the help of a leveling beam, is covered with another loose soil layer, without the formation of any moisture-accumulating depressions. In addition, under arid conditions, this can lead to deflation of the soil of the sowing furrow.

The objective of the invention is to develop a method of sowing seeds of grass, shrubs and shrubs on deserted lands, providing conditions for sufficient moisture accumulation and a comfortable temperature for good germination of sown seeds and further development of plants in arid conditions.

The technical result in the method for sowing grasses, shrubs and shrubs on deserted lands is achieved by creating a loosened strip of soil for better moisture accumulation, which in the cross-vertical section has the shape of an isosceles triangle, the top of which is lowered down and rounded with a radius of 6 cm, and under sowing of seeds in the surface zone of a loosened strip of soil a groove is formed with a square profile (in cross section) of a depth and width of 2 cm. Seeding of seeds into the groove is made intermittently, in sections of length noy 10 ... 12 cm, with the same gaps between them, and their seeding is carried out by pressing seeds into the soil with the simultaneous formation of moisture-accumulating recesses (holes), having the shape of an inverted obelisk / 1 /, 8 ... 10 cm or less in height side of its small base, equal to 2.5 cm.

Figure 1, a top view, shows the technology of the method with sequentially performed operations for its implementation, including: creating a loosened strip of soil (plot a-b); the formation of a groove with a square profile for sowing seeds of plants (plot b-c); intermittent sowing of seeds in a groove with a square profile (plot vg); indentation of seeds into the soil with the simultaneous formation of moisture-accumulating depressions (plot d); figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 is a section bB in figure 1; figure 4 is a section bb in figure 1; figure 5 - section GG in figure 1.

The method is as follows.

A strip of soil 1 is loosening, in the surface layer of which a continuous groove with a square profile 2 is formed, in cross section, width and depth of 2 cm. The seeds of plants 3 are sown intermittently at a step of 10 ... 12 cm at the bottom of the groove with a square profile, in sections of length 10 ... 12 cm. Then, the areas with seeds are pressed into the soil to a depth of 8 ... 10 cm with a special working body, with the simultaneous formation of moisture-collecting recesses (holes) 4, having the shape of an inverted obelisk with a height of 8 ... 10 and the smaller side of its small base equal to 2.5 cm. Seeds Nij embedded in the ground in this way, are on the bottom of the wells in favorable conditions of high moisture and room temperature and are not exposed to deflation.

Tests of this method in the dry steppe zone of the Lower Volga region showed the following.

Grasses (wheatgrass, thistle, etc.) and shrubs (teresken), sown by pressing in the holes formed in loosened soil, compared with the usual method of sowing in a row, without the formation of holes, have a higher germination rate, respectively 100% and 60% , quickly develop and by the end of the growing season they reach in the holes - a wheatgrass 20 ... 25 cm, teresken 10 ... 12 cm, without holes - a wheatgrass 10 ... 15 cm, teresken 3 ... 5 cm.

In the same experiments on unprepared soil, the height of plants is 30 ... 40% lower.

The soil moisture in the holes on loosened soil is 30% higher than on the soil surface, the soil temperature in the holes was 8 ... 12 ° C lower than on the soil surface.

In general, the proposed method is promising, because creates favorable conditions for germination and development of sown plants in arid conditions of desert lands.

 Literature

1. Bronstein I.N., Semendyaev K.A. Math reference. - M .: Nauka, 1980, p. 291.

Claims (1)

The method of sowing seeds of grass and shrubs on deserted lands, including strip loosening of the soil, the formation of grooves for seeds, sowing seeds and their seeding, characterized in that all the operations of the method are performed sequentially, the loosened strip of soil in the transverse vertical section has the shape of an isosceles triangle, apex which is lowered down and rounded with a radius of 6 cm, a groove with a square profile for sowing seeds is formed by a depth and width of 2 cm and is located in the surface zone of a loosened strip of soil, sowing seeds into the groove is made intermittently, in sections 10-12 cm long and with the same gaps, and their seeding is carried out by pressing seeds into the soil with the simultaneous formation of moisture-accumulating depressions (holes) having the shape of an inverted obelisk with a height of 8-10 cm and the smaller side of its small base equal to 2.5 cm.

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