RU2229679C1 - Shot for grenade launcher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: close combat ammunition, in particular, rifle grenades of the main and special purposes, applicable in shots for subbarel and automatic grenade launchers. SUBSTANCE: the shot for a grenade launcher has a nose fuse, grenade, whose body is filled with a pyrotechnic compound having an axial passage and a case with a propellant charge, the pyrotechnic compound of grenade body filling, with the explosive grains placed in its axial passage, is pressed in a shell installed with a minimum clearance in the thin-walled grenade body. The additional shell, equipped with a pressed-in pyrotechnic compound and provided with explosive grains placed in the axial passage, represents a self-contained assembly unit of the shot complete set, which is manufactured and stored before assembly separately, which is more adaptable and safe. EFFECT: expanded functional potentialities of the shot for a grenade launcher, whose grenade design is suitable both for combat application (fragmentation, high-explosive, incendiary or smoke action) and as a training ammunition for visual designation of the area of fall or impact with the target by a smoke cloud, enhanced pyrotechnic effect of ammunition action due to the increase of the mass of filling of the thin-walled grenade body. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to close-range ammunition, and more specifically to main and special-purpose gun grenades, and can also be used for shots for under-barrel and automatic grenade launchers.

The art is characterized by the artillery cartridge for a grenade launcher according to patent RU 2125226, F 42 В 5/02, 1999, the warhead of which is described in the invention according to patent RU 2171964, F 42 В 12/24, 2000. The shell of this fragmentation munition is equipped with crushing locators in the form of transverse grooves, outer annular and sawtooth inside, made of rows of equally distributed triangular pyramidal corrugations of optimal shape and size, which provides a given crushing of the grenade shell into the damaging elements of a given mass and rational ormy.

The described 40 mm grenade contains a head fuse filled with explosive, a 3.5 mm thick case and a propellant shell; is an affective melee weapon.

For training personnel, practical exercises and training based on the described artillery cartridge, a practical shot has been developed according to the certificate for a utility model of the Russian Federation 23331, F 42 В 8/02, 2000 with a shell identical to the standard grenade in mass and aerodynamic parameters and which does not explode during operation splinters, which increases the safety of firing.

The indicated practical shot, selected for the majority of coinciding essential features with the proposed shot for a grenade launcher, as the closest analogue contains an initiating device in the head part (contact fuse) of a 40-mm grenade, a thick-walled (10 mm) body of which is filled with pieces of smoke-forming pyrotechnic composition with axial fire channel, and a sleeve with a propelling charge.

The central step opening of the bottom of the shell of the projectile is closed on the side of the propellant charge by the lid. The shell is equipped with a set of balancing washers to regulate the center of mass of the munition in accordance with the standard grenade.

The axial channel of the pyrotechnic smoke-forming filling of the shell of the shell provides instant ignition from a fuse impulse, which is not enough to destroy a thickened body when it encounters an obstacle (soil or vertical target), and progressive burning of the pyrotechnic composition along the inner surface of the checkers channel.

A smoke cloud formed during the combustion of the pyrotechnic filling of the grenade body serves as a guideline for adjusting the fire as a target indicator or place of impact, even when the grenade is buried in the ground and snow cover through the channel formed by it.

However, a disadvantage of the known shot for a grenade launcher is the low filling factor of the smoke-generating pyrotechnic composition due to the reduced diameter of the chamber of the thick-walled grenade body, which can cause poor visual distinguishability from the firing position of the information smoke cloud, which makes it difficult to target and adjust for adjusting the fire.

In addition, the well-known shot has a narrowly utilitarian purpose only for training purposes and cannot be used for the main combat purpose, which limits the functionality and scope.

The problem to which the present invention is directed, is to expand the functionality of a standardized shot for a grenade launcher while increasing its effectiveness.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that in a known shot for a grenade launcher containing a head fuse, a grenade, the body of which is filled with a pyrotechnic composition having an axial channel, and a sleeve with a propelling charge, according to the invention, the pyrotechnic composition in which axial channel of the explosive material is placed, is pressed in a shell installed with a guaranteed gap in a thin-walled grenade body.

Distinctive features made it possible to expand the functionality of a shot for a grenade launcher, the grenade design of which is suitable both for combat use for the main purpose of fragmentation, high-explosive, incendiary or smoke action, and as a training munition for visual designation of a place of impact or a meeting with a target with a smoke cloud.

At the same time, the pyrotechnic effect of the ammunition increased due to an increase in the mass of filling a thin-walled grenade of an equal caliber by 2.5 times compared with the prototype.

Equipping the grenade’s body with an explosive charge placed inside the pyrotechnic filling composition in the coaxial central channel allows the shell to be actively crushed into fragments and the pyrotechnic composition into pieces, the combustion of which intensifies the process along the developed surface and, therefore, smoke generation or incendiary effect.

The interconnection of the pyrotechnic filling with the grenade body through an additional shell allows the body to be thin-walled, because when fired, it does not experience radial loading from the sedimentation while filling, which fills the installation gap between the damping shell and the grenade body.

This design difference made it possible to autonomously extrude the pyrotechnic composition of the filling directly into a shell placed in a massive technological matrix. Then, a shell filled with pyrotechnic composition, the geometric dimensions and screen of which remain unchanged, is freely installed in the mating grenade body chamber without effort, landing with a guaranteed radial clearance.

Pressing the filling of the pyrotechnic composition into a thin-walled high-capacity grenade body is not directly technically possible, since it “swells” and goes beyond the working size of the outer diameter, that is, such a grenade is functionally incompatible with weapons and unsuitable for shooting.

The technological shell, equipped with a pyrotechnic composition with explosive blocks mounted inside, is an autonomous grenade assembly unit that is manufactured and stored separately. This thin-walled shell serves as a transport sealed container for inter-workshop transportation, which ensures the practical implementation of the invention and the new quality of the shot as a whole in terms of technological mobility and the safety of manufacturing the proposed multifunctional ammunition.

Therefore, each essential feature is necessary, and their combination in a stable relationship is sufficient to achieve the novelty of quality, that is, a new effect of the amount inherent in the signs of disunity.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which schematically shows the proposed shot for a grenade launcher.

Case 1 40 mm grenade with a wall thickness of 1.2 mm is equipped with a leading belt 2, profiled for screw rifling weapons. In the housing 1 with a radial clearance of 0.05-0.3 mm, an aluminum shell 3 with a thickness of 0.5-0.8 mm is installed, inside which a pyrotechnic composition 4 (filling) is placed.

The casing 3 is equipped by pressing the composition 4 autonomously in a massive technological matrix, which, as a bandage, prevents deformation of the given sizes and shapes of the casing 3, adequate to the casing of the casing 1, combined during manual assembly without effort, because the design provides for gaps between them.

This allows you to minimize the wall thickness of the casing 1 from the condition of the structural strength of the grenade during axial operational overload of the shot, since the casing practically does not experience destructive tangential loads during assembly and operation.

In the central axial channel 5 of the filling 4 placed explosive drafts 6, directly under the detonator of the head fuse 7.

On the bottom of the housing 1 mounted sleeve 8 with a propelling charge 9.

When meeting with a target on the flight path of a grenade or when it falls onto the ground, a reaction head fuse 7 is fired, the detonation pulse of which initiates the explosive of the drafts 6. From the detonation of the drafts 6, the compressed compound 4 is broken into pieces, and the shell 3 and the thin-walled body 1 are broken into fragments. In this case, the phosphorus-containing smoke-generating or incendiary composition 4 ignites and actively burns along the developed surface of many pieces, forming a dense cloud of smoke or a large number of fire sources.

The smoke cloud, clearly distinguishable from the firing position, during training firing allows you to carry out the adjustment of aimed fire, as a result of which the personnel gain practical skills and experience for military operations.

The main advantage of the proposed design of the ammunition is that the pressurized pyrotechnic composition 4 of the maximum mass is placed in a thin-walled case 1 while maintaining the mass-ballistic characteristics of a multi-purpose shot for a grenade launcher, which increases the effectiveness of its combat action.

An additional shell, installed with a gap in a thin-walled case 1, technologically allows one to distinguish from the general technical process the manufacture of a combined filling of the grenade body 1, consisting of mounting a pyrotechnic composition 4 equipped with explosive blocks 6, while the shell acts as a container for autonomous storage and transportation directly to assembly of the shot using a standard head fuse 7 and a sleeve 8 with a propelling charge 9, which unifies the production and design of the battle supply, reduces the cost of training personnel.

The proposed shot for a grenade launcher allows, without changing the design, using different pyrotechnic filling compositions, to perform grenades of various actions: HE, incendiary or smoke, which expands the functionality of the ammunition.

A comparative analysis of the shot for a grenade launcher according to the invention with identified analogues of the prior art, from which it does not explicitly follow for an ammunition specialist, showed that the proposed design is not known, and taking into account the possibility of industrial serial production, we can conclude that the criteria for patentability are met.

Claims (1)

A shot for a grenade launcher containing a head fuse, a grenade, a thin-walled body filled with a pyrotechnic composition having an axial channel, and a sleeve with a propelling charge, characterized in that the pyrotechnic composition of the filling of the grenade body, in whose axial channel the explosive pieces are placed, is pressed into the shell, installed with a guaranteed gap in a thin-walled grenade body.