RU2225256C2 - Groats mill in units - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering, in particular, grinding equipment. SUBSTANCE: groats mill has frame incorporating grain hopper, self-balancing sifter, charging mechanism and handling mechanism, sheller, aspirator, and control panel. Groats mill is further equipped with grinder mounted in lower front part of frame on vibration supports and provided with casing. Shaft mounted inside casing has replaceable abrasive wheels, replaceable sieving cylinder and roll-type grinder equipped with receiving column. Two rolls, reducer and drive pulley are positioned in column casing. Self-balancing sifter located in upper part of frame is composed of two sieving casings made in the form of packets mounted on single sifter frame. Replaceable units and replaceable sieving frames are attached to frame. Sifter sieving casing is equipped with bucket elevator for charging mechanism with grain hopper and three bucket elevators for handling mechanism. Four mentioned bucket elevators have common electric engine. Sheller is made in the form of casing incorporating shaft with abrasive drums and deck, and drive pulley. Aspirator has fan, collector, cyclones, air ducts, large-size and small-size aspiration columns and hopper for collecting product obtained by means of sheller or grinder. EFFECT: wider operational capabilities and increased efficiency. 2 cl, 8 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the food industry, namely to the processing of grain of buckwheat, millet, peas, wheat, barley, corn into groats.

 A device for cleaning food products from shells having a flexible paraboloidal outer shell, containing a continuously rotating drum with a cylindrical outer surface and a horizontal axis of rotation. On the outer surface of the drum there are compartments with lids that open and close selectively and individually. At specified times, hot gas is supplied to each compartment, a vacuum is created in it, and vapors and condensate are removed. Devices are provided for filling each compartment with a processed product, removing the processed product and shells from them, and separating the core from the shell (see US Pat. No. 5,064,411, Cl. A 23 N 7/00, publ. 10.09.91).

 The disadvantage of this device for cleaning are limited functionality.

 A device for cleaning green peas is known, including a housing with a loading funnel and a guide plate and at least one unit for cleaning green peas installed in it, channels for discharging peas and draining waste and peas, and it is equipped with a cleaning unit installed in each unit green peas on the case in the area of the lower end of the channel for dumping peeled peas and at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the body of the pea cleaning unit with a baffle plate with the possibility of adjusting its angle of inclination, the separation unit pea located in each pea cleaning unit in front of the baffle plate obliquely downward in the direction of the latter and made in the form of a movable plate with a separating plate element mounted thereon to form a gap above the waste discharge channel with the possibility of adjusting the width of the gap, with the opposite end of the separating plate element being connected to the wall of the discharge channel of peeled peas. The discharge channel of peeled peas is made with the possibility of regulating its width. The feed hopper has a plate thickness regulator made in the form of a plate. The device is equipped with a water spray mounted above the loading funnel. The device is equipped with elements for height adjustment installed one below the other pea peeling unit and pea separation.

 Pea peeling units are located on the belt, at least two pea peeling units are located on each tier (see Pat. 1364225, class A 23 N 15/00, B 07 B 13/04).

 The disadvantage of this device is the limited functionality, low quality cleaning.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect and accepted by the authors for the prototype is a cereal mill, consisting of a frame on which a grain hopper, self-balancing sifting, loading and reloading mechanisms, peeling, aspiration and control panel are installed (see A.L. Sokolov. Technical equipment of grain storage and processing enterprises, Textbook 4th Edition, Moscow: Kolos, 1975, p. 26, p. 76, p. 267, p. 291, p. 343, 396).

 The disadvantage of this cereal mill is its limited functionality, low productivity and power.

 The technical result that can be achieved using the present invention is to expand the functionality, compactness, increase productivity and power, reduce staff.

 The technical result is achieved with the help of an aggregate cereal mill, consisting of a frame on which a grain hopper, self-balancing sifting, loading and overloading mechanisms, peeling, aspiration and control panel are installed, while it is additionally equipped with a grinding machine mounted on the lower front of the frame on vibration mounts and consisting of a housing, inside of which there is a shaft with offset abrasive wheels and a removable screen cylinder, a roller mill with a receiving column and consisting of a housing, inside the cat There are two rollers, a gearbox and a drive pulley, at the same time a self-balancing sifter is located in the upper part of the frame, consisting of two sieve housings made in the form of packets located on a common sifting frame, to which replaceable units and replaceable sieve frames are attached, and the sieve case the sieving is equipped with a noria of the loading mechanism with a grain hopper and three elevators of the overload mechanism, while all four elevators have a common electric drive, the scoop is made in the form of a housing in which a shaft with abrasive drums and decks and drive pulley, and aspiration is made in the form of interconnected fan, collector, cyclones, air ducts, large and small suction columns and a hopper for collecting products of peeling or grinding. The sheller and roller grinder with a receiving column are made with the possibility of interchangeability.

 Figure 1 is given aggregate groats plant, front view.

 Figure 2 is given aggregate groats, left view.

 Figure 3 is given aggregate, rear view.

 Figure 4 is given a peeling, General view.

 Fig. 5 shows a peeling device, a right view.

 In Fig.6 given roller mill, a General view.

 In Fig.7 given self-balancing sifting, front view.

 On Fig given self-balancing sieving, top view.

 The aggregate groats plant consists of a frame 1, on which a grain bunker 2 is installed, a self-balancing sifter 3 (hereinafter sifter) located in the upper part of the frame 1, while the sifter 3 consists of two sieve housings 4 and 5 of a batch design, to which replaceable units 6 are attached , 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, depending on the grain being processed, interchangeable sieve frames 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 38, sieve housing are installed 4 sieving 3 is equipped with a noria 48 of the loading mechanism, and the sieve body 5 is equipped with three elevators 49 of the overload mechanism, while all four elevators 4 8 and 49 have a common electric drive 50. The amount of grain supplied from the hopper 2 to the sieve housing 4 by elevator 48 of the loading mechanism is controlled by a shutter (not shown), a grinding machine 51 is mounted on the outside of the crate mill 1 from the outside, on four vibration supports 52, which is attached to the frame 1 by three vibration mounts 53. The working bodies of the grinding machine 51 are driven by electric motors 54. Inside the grinding machine 51 there is a shaft with abrasive wheels 55, a replaceable sieve cylinder 56. In the lower part of the nori 49 manual ultrasonic inspection transition hopper 57 is mounted with two flaps (not shown), one of which moves in a bunker or removed from it (depending on the processed grains). On the opposite side of the nori 49 of the overload mechanism, a peeling machine 58 or a roller mill 58 with a receiving column are installed, which are made interchangeable by the method of installation and attachment to the frame 1 and are installed depending on the processed grain. A sheller 58 or a roller mill 58 is driven by an electric motor 59. A hopper 60 is mounted on the rear side of the frame 1 for collecting and storing waste, peeling or grinding products. At the bottom of the hopper 60 there is an unloading window 61, closed by a lid (not shown), and in the upper - a viewing window 62 for monitoring the level of content. A suction unit is installed on the frame 1, which consists of a fan 63, a collector 64, cyclones 65, air ducts 66, a large suction column 67 and a small suction column 68, and a hopper 60 for collecting peeling or grinding products. To collect processed products on the frame 1 installed a hopper 69 product. The grinding machine 51 is in technological communication with the screening body 4 of the screening 3 by means of a descent 70 with an inspection window 71, a flexible sleeve 72 and a grain duct 73 mounted on its upper cover (not shown). On the front of the frame 1, a control panel 74 is installed, which allows you to turn on or turn off any of the five electric motors of the cereal mill from one place or turn off all at the same time with one button, while the sheller 58 consists of the following main units: housing 75, in which two bearings 76 and 77, a shaft 78 is installed, the last one has four abrasive drums 79 and a drive pulley 80, four decks 82 are installed in the rear wall 81 of the housing 75.

 A roller mill 58 with a receiving column, which is interchangeable with a peeling machine 58, consists of the following main units: a housing 83, in which a drive roller 84 with transverse flutes and a driven roller 85 with longitudinal flutes are mounted on bearings (not labeled). A pulley 86 and gear 87 are installed on the drive roller 84, gear 88 is installed on the driven roller 85. The gears 87 and 88 are closed in the gear housing 89 mounted on the side wall 90 of the roller grinder 58. To adjust the gap between the rollers 84 and 85 on the side walls 90 , 91 set the adjusting bolts 92.

 Aggregate groats factory can process grain of buckwheat, millet, peas, wheat, barley and corn into groats. The grain processing operations of some items coincide, which allows them to be generalized into separate groups depending on the installation of removable units and numbers of sieve frames.

 For buckwheat processing, husk 58 is installed on frame 1 with a large suction column 67. For sifting 3, replaceable units 6, 7, 8 are installed. At that, replaceable unit 7 is installed with pipes (not shown) with the inscription "Buckwheat" in the direction of elevators 49 of the overload mechanism. Also in sifting 3 sieve frames are installed.

 For processing millet for sieving 3, interchangeable units 70, 7, 72 are installed. A sieve cylinder 56 with sieve openings of 0.9 • 10 mm is installed in the housing of the grinding machine 51. In sieving 3, sieve frames and four interchangeable units 13 are installed, while the interchangeable unit 7 is installed with nozzles (not shown) with the inscription "Millet" in the direction of the elevators 49 of the overload mechanism.

 For the processing of peas, interchangeable units 70, 7, 72 are also installed for sieving 3. In the case of the grinding machine 51, a sieve cylinder 56 is installed with a mesh size of 3.0 mm. Replaceable unit 7 remains in the same position as for the processing of millet. In sieving 3, sieve frames, three interchangeable units 13 and interchangeable unit 14 are installed.

 Processing of wheat and barley into groats is divided into two cycles. To perform the first cycle, a roller mill 58 with a receiving column is installed on frame 1 (instead of a peeling machine 58 with a large suction column 67). For sieving 3, interchangeable units 7, 10, 11, 12 are installed. A sieve cylinder 56 with sieve openings of 1.7 • 20 mm is installed in the housing of the grinding machine 51. The interchangeable unit 7 remains in the same position as for the processing of millet; in the screening 3, sieve frames and two interchangeable units 13 are also installed.

 To carry out the second cycle, it is necessary to install a sieve cylinder 56 with a hole size of 0.9 • 10 mm in the housing of the grinding machine 51. In sieving 3, instead of the sieve frame, a sieve frame 38 is mounted.

 Processing of corn into cereals is also divided into two cycles. To perform the first cycle, a roller mill 58 with a receiving column is installed on frame 1 (instead of a peeling machine 58 with a large suction column 67). For sieving 3, interchangeable units 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, two interchangeable units 13 and sieve frames are installed. To carry out the second cycle, a sieve cylinder 56 with sieve openings of 0.9 • 10 mm is installed in the housing of the grinding machine 51. In sieving 3, instead of a sieve frame 46, a sieve frame 38 is installed.

 Aggregate groats plant in the processing of grain of buckwheat, millet, peas, wheat, barley and corn into groats works as follows.

 Processing buckwheat grain into groats.

 Buckwheat grain is poured into the 2 grain hopper. 3 sieve frames 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 and replaceable units 6, 7, 8, replaceable unit 7 (sieve cover 3) are installed in the sieving 3, the inscription "Buckwheat "to the heads of the nori 49 overload mechanism. Launch the groats factory in the following sequence using the control panel 74: suction fan 63, scrubber 58, sieving 3, elevators 48 and 49 of the loading and overload mechanism. Then the grain from the hopper 2 serves noriya 48 loading mechanism in the sieve body 4 sieving 3, where it is cleaned of large and small impurities, calibrated and divided into three fractions. Then all three fractions, each separately and independently from each other, by a special conveyor enters a large suction column 67, is further purified from impurities. The separated impurities from the suction column 67 through the suction ducts 66, cyclones 65 enter the hopper 60. After cleaning, the buckwheat grain in the large suction column 67 enters the huller 58, where the peeling of the flower shells from the kernel takes place during peeling and goes to the lower heads of the mechanism nori 49 overload. Hulled mass consisting of buckwheat kernels, flowering shells, under-shelled grains, and flour are fed by norias 49 of the overload mechanism into a sieve body 5 of sifting 3 (each fraction separately), where by separation on sieve frames 15-26 there is a separation into separate components. Unfinished grain and flower shells are returned for peeling through a large suction column 67 to a sheller 58, flower shells from a large suction column 67 through ducts 66 enter the hopper 60, the flour passes through a sieve frame 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 into the product hopper 69, and the core, passed through, the fragments of flowering membranes enter a small suction column 68, from which the selected fragments of flowering membranes are fed through the air ducts 66, cyclones 65 into the hopper 60, and the core passed separately from each other enter the product hopper 69 and the technological container (bags). The final link in the processing of buckwheat into groats is to send the kernel to the grain sorting (not shown) to separate it by variety.

Processing of millet grain into groats
Pour millet grain into the 2 grain hopper. 3 sieve frames, three interchangeable units 13 and interchangeable unit are installed in the sieving 3. The interchangeable unit 7 (sieving cover 3) is installed with the inscription "Millet" to the overload mechanism of the elevators 49. A sieve cylinder 56 is installed in the grinding machine 51 with a mesh size of 0.9 x 10 mm. Launch the groats factory in the following sequence using the control panel 74: suction fan 63, sieving 3, elevators 48 and 49 of the loading and overload mechanism, grinding machine 51.

 Millet grain from the hopper 2 is fed by noria 48 of the loading mechanism into the sieve body 4 of the screening 3, where it is cleaned of large and small impurities and enters the gathering 70 and then through the grain line 73 to the upper part of the grinding machine 51, moving during grinding in the grinding machine 51 from above down, the millet kernels are separated from the flowering and fruit membranes, enter the transitional hopper 57, and fragments of flowering, fruit membranes, flour through the suction ducts 66, cyclone 65 enter the hopper 60. Next, the millet core (whole and chopped) is fed with norias 49 fur ism overload in the sieve housing 5 3 sieving for separation. Moving along the sieve frames, whole millet kernels (millet) and chopped, separately from each other, enter a small aspiration column 68, where small suspended particles of millet, flour is removed through suction ducts 66, cyclone 65 into the hopper 60, and the whole kernel and chopped into hopper 69 of the product and further into the technological container (bags).

 The final link in the chain for processing millet into cereal is the sending of whole kernels (millet) to grain sorting to separate it by variety.

Processing pea grain into groats
Processing pea grains into groats is similar to processing millet grains into groats. At the same time, there are distinctive features, namely: sieve frames are installed in sifter 3, three interchangeable units 13 and interchangeable unit 14 are installed, a replaceable sieve cylinder 56 with sieve openings of 3.0 mm is installed in grinding machine 51, product enters the hopper 69 whole core, split core, split.

Wheat Processing
Processing of wheat into cereals consists of two cycles.

 First cycle. Pour the wheat grain into the hopper 2, set the sieve 3 sieve frames, two interchangeable units 13 and interchangeable units 10, 11, 12. The interchangeable unit 7 (sieving cover 3) is installed with the inscription "Millet" to the heads of the nori 49 overload mechanism. Peeling machine 58 with a large suction column 67 is removed and a roller mill 58 with a receiving column is installed in its place. In the transition hopper 57, a replaceable shutter is installed in the open entrance window position of the first of the three elevators 49 of the overload mechanism. In the grinding machine 51, a replaceable sieve cylinder 56 is installed with a mesh size of 1.7 x 20 mm.

 Launch the groats factory in the following sequence using the control panel 74: suction fan 63, roller grinder 58, sieving 3, elevator 48 and 49 loading and restarting, grinding machine 51.

 Wheat grain from the hopper 2 is fed by noria 48 of the loading mechanism into the sieve body 4 of the screening 3, where it is cleaned of large and small impurities and enters the gathering 70 and then through the grain wire 73 to the upper part of the grinding machine 51, moving during grinding in the grinding machine 51 from above down, the wheat grain is freed from the fruit shells and enters the transitional hopper 57, and the fruit membranes, their fragments, the flour through the suction ducts 66, enter the hopper 60 by the cyclone 65. From the transitional hopper 57, the extreme (first) noria 49 of the overload mechanism The ground grain is fed into the receiving column of the roller mill 58 and then into the roller mill 58. After grinding, the crushed grain particles enter the lower part of the elevators 49 of the overload mechanism and are fed into the sieve housing 5 of sifting 3 with two elevators 49 (second and third) for separation by numbers : 2, 3, 4, 5. Each of the cereal numbers passes through a small aspiration column 68, is cleaned by aspiration of suspended particles and enters the product hopper 69, and then into the process packaging (bags).

 Second cycle. Pour one of the numbers of the obtained cereals into the 2 grain bunker. In sieving 3, the sieve frame is removed and a sieve frame 38 is installed instead.

 A replaceable sieve cylinder 56 with a sieve opening size of 0.9 • 10 mm is installed in the grinding machine 51. A removable shutter is removed from the transition hopper 57, thereby opening the input windows of all elevators 49 of the overload mechanism.

 The groats plant is launched in the following sequence: suction fan 63, sieving 3, nori 48 and 49 loading and reloading, grinding machine 51, grits from the hopper 2 nori 48 loading mechanism is fed into the sieve housing 4 sieving 3, then into the gathering 70 and through the grain pipeline 73 to the upper part of the grinding machine 51. After passing through the grinding machine 51, the grinded cereal enters the transitional hopper 57, elevator 49 of the overload mechanism, the sieve body 5 of the sifting 3, where it is distributed by numbers, then it enters the small suction column 65, hopper 69 prod Ukta and in technological containers (bags).

 Only after passing the operations of the second cycle, the cereal meets the requirements of GOST 276-60.

Barley groats processing
Barley processing is similar to wheat processing, but there are also differences, namely: at the end of the first cycle operation, barley groats 1, 2, 3 enter the product hopper 69, which already meets the requirements of GOST 5784-60. And the obtained cereal 2 requires grinding in the second cycle, after which polished pearl barley 2, 3, 4, 5 is obtained, which also meets the requirements of GOST 5784-60.

Corn processing
Processing corn into cereals consists of two cycles.

 First cycle. The corn grain is poured into the hopper 2, the sieve frames are installed into the sifter 3, two interchangeable units 13 and interchangeable units 9, 11, 12, the interchangeable shutter is removed from the transitional hopper 57, thereby opening all three receiving windows in three elevators 49 of the overload mechanism. Replaceable unit 7 (sieving cover 3) is installed with the inscription "Millet" to the heads of the elevators 49 of the overload mechanism. Instead of huller 58 with a large suction column 67, a roller shredder 58 is installed with a receiving column.

 The groats plant is launched in the following sequence using the control panel 74: suction fan 63, roller grinder 58, sifter 3, elevators 48 and 49 of the loading and overload mechanism.

 Corn grain from the hopper 2 is fed by noria 48 of the loading mechanism into the sieve body 4 of the screening 3, where it is cleaned of large and small impurities and enters the gathering 70 and then through the grain line 73 of the replaceable unit 9, the receiving column and the roller mill 58, the crushed particles of corn grain are fed norii 49 of the overload mechanism in the sieve housing 5, where they are divided by numbers. From the sieve body 4, the crushed mass enters the small suction column 68, and then into the product hopper 69, here in the sieve body 4, the germination of corn grain from the total crushed mass is released.

 Second cycle. Pour one of the cereal numbers into a 2-grain bunker. Set sieve 3 instead of one sieve frames other sieve frames. An interchangeable sieve cylinder 56 is installed in the grinding machine 51 with a mesh size of 0.9 x 10 mm.

 The groats plant is launched in the following sequence using the control panel 74: suction fan 63, sieving 3, elevators 48 and 49 of the loading and overload mechanism, grinding machine 51. Crushed but not polished grains from grain hopper 2 are fed by noria 48 of the loading mechanism to the sieve case 4 sieving 3, through the gathering 70 and grain 73 to the upper part of the grinding machine 51. From the grinding machine 51, the products of grinding through the suction ducts 66, cyclone 65 enter the hopper 60, and the ground grits into the transition hopper 57. From a hopper 57 is fed grits overload mechanism 49 in norias sieve housing 5 is divided by the numbers and aspiration through a small column 68 flows into product hopper 69. In a small aspiration column 68 light suspended particles are isolated, the flour is also delivered through the air ducts 66, and through the cyclone 65 they enter the hopper 60. From the hopper 69, the cereal enters the processing container (bags).

The invention in comparison with the prototype and other known technical solutions has the following advantages:
- wide functionality, namely, with the help of the versatility of a cereal mill, to process grain of buckwheat, millet, peas, wheat, barley, corn into groats;
- compactness, small dimensions;
- reduction of staff to one person;
- high productivity and power of the groats plant;
- ecological cleanliness of the environment during the operation of the groats plant.

Claims (2)

1. Aggregate cereal plant, consisting of a frame on which a grain hopper is installed, self-balancing sifting, loading and overload mechanisms, a peeler, suction and a control panel, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a grinding machine mounted on the lower front of the frame on vibration mounts and consisting from a casing, inside of which there is a shaft with interchangeable abrasive wheels and a replaceable sieve cylinder, a roller grinder with a receiving column, consisting of a casing, inside of which there are two rollers, reduct p and a drive pulley, while in the upper part of the frame there is a self-balancing sifter, consisting of two sieve housings made in the form of packets located on a common sieve frame, to which replaceable nodes and replaceable sieve frames are attached, and the sieve sieve case is equipped with a noria of the loading mechanism with a grain hopper and three elevators of the overload mechanism, while all four elevators have a common electric drive, the sheller is made in the form of a housing in which a shaft with abrasive drums and decks and a drive pulley is installed, and aspiration made in the form of a fan, collector, cyclones, air ducts interconnected, large and small suction columns and a hopper for collecting peeling or grinding products. 2. The groats mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the peeling machine and the roller mill with a receiving column are interchangeable.

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