CN109465195B

CN109465195B - Multistage grain separator

Info

Publication number: CN109465195B
Application number: CN201811244859.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Heyang County Yuyang Se Rich Agricultural Products Professional Cooperative
Current assignee: Heyang County Yuyang Se Rich Agricultural Products Professional Cooperative
Priority date: 2018-10-24
Filing date: 2018-10-24
Publication date: 2021-12-24
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-24
Also published as: CN109465195A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multistage grain separator, which comprises a mounting rack and a separation system for separating and removing impurities from grains, wherein the separation system is arranged on the ground through the mounting rack, the separation system comprises a first separation device, a second separation device and a feeding device for placing the grains into the first separation device, the grains enter the first separation device through the feeding device and enter the second separation device after being separated and removed the impurities by the first separation device, the second separation device and the feeding device are arranged up and down and are sequentially provided with the feeding device, the first separation device and the second separation device from top to bottom, the feeding device comprises a hopper, a feeding upper end seat and a feeding lower end seat, openings are formed in the feeding upper end seat and the feeding lower end seat and are communicated with the feeding upper end seat, the hopper is connected with the feeding upper end seat and is communicated with the openings of the feeding upper end seat, the feeding lower end seat is communicated with the first separating device.

Description

Multistage grain separator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of grain separation, in particular to a multistage grain separator.

Background

In the season that crops reaped, peasant needs to screen the edulcoration with the cereal that dries, in order to get rid of the sand and dust of doping in cereal, the rice husk, the straw and so on, until can only remove in collecting the granary with the cereal that does not contain impurity at last, at traditional edulcoration in-process, peasant is through elevating the exhaust fan, again the cereal that peasant stood to dry holds in the winnowing pan, it makes the winnowing pan be higher than the exhaust fan to erect the waist and lift the winnowing pan, then fall down the cereal in the winnowing pan, when these cereals pass through the wind that the exhaust fan blew off, the impurity that dopes in cereal can be blown away, thereby make cereal and impurity separation, however, this kind of traditional edulcoration device makes peasant's intensity of labour very big, the screening efficiency is also very low.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the multi-stage grain separator which can carry out multi-stage separation and impurity removal on grains, can intensively separate impurities, can generate vibration on a separator body and further improves the separation and impurity removal effects.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.

A multi-stage grain separator comprises a mounting rack and a separation system used for separating and removing impurities from grains, wherein the separation system is arranged on the ground through the mounting rack and comprises a first separation device, a second separation device and a feeding device used for placing the grains into the first separation device;

the first separating device, the second separating device and the feeding device are arranged up and down and sequentially comprise the feeding device, the first separating device and the second separating device from top to bottom, the feeding device comprises a hopper, a feeding upper end seat and a feeding lower end seat, openings are formed in the feeding upper end seat and the feeding lower end seat and communicated with the feeding upper end seat and the feeding lower end seat, the hopper is connected with the feeding upper end seat and communicated with the opening of the feeding upper end seat, and the feeding lower end seat is communicated with the first separating device;

the first separation device comprises a protective shell communicated with the feeding device, a first separation mechanism for separating small granular impurities in grains and a second separation mechanism for separating light impurities such as sand, dust, rice husks and straws mixed in the grains, and the first separation mechanism and the second separation mechanism are arranged in the protective shell;

the first separation mechanism comprises a first separation shell, the first separation shell is arranged in the protective shell and is of a cylindrical barrel structure with openings at two ends, a first filter for separating small granular impurities in grains is coaxially arranged in the first separation shell and is vertically arranged, the first filter comprises a filtering separation section and a grain discharge section, the filtering separation section is a filtering screen, the filtering screen is conical and is provided with openings at two ends, the filtering screen is gradually narrowed along the falling direction of the grains, a first outlet is arranged at the side wall of the first separation shell, the first outlet is obliquely arranged and is close to the bottom of the first separation shell, a first guide plate is arranged between the grain discharge section and the first separation shell, the first guide plate is obliquely arranged and enables the space between the grain discharge section and the first separation shell to be in a closed state, the bottom of the first guide plate is close to the joint of the first outlet and the first separation shell;

the second separation mechanism comprises a separation disc, a first blanking port arranged on the separation disc, and a first impurity discharging channel communicated with the first blanking port and used for discharging light impurities such as sand dust, rice husks, straws and the like mixed in grains, the second separating mechanism also comprises a blowing mechanism, the blowing mechanism comprises a blowing port, the blowing port is arranged at the opening at the upper end of the first separating shell, the wind direction of the blowing port is horizontally arranged and faces to the periphery of the opening at the upper end of the first separating shell, the separation disc is coaxially and fixedly sleeved outside the first separation shell, two coaxial unequal-diameter side walls are vertically arranged in the circumferential direction of the separation disc in an extending manner, the first blanking port is positioned between the inner wall and the outer wall, and the outer wall of the separation disc is fixedly connected and tightly contacted with the protective shell through a fastener;

the bottom of the bulk material element is provided with a separation guide plate, the separation guide plate comprises a separation inclined surface and a connecting column, the separation inclined surface is fixedly connected with the bulk material element through the connecting column, the separation inclined surface is conical and gradually narrows along the vertical upward direction, a first separation lug is arranged on the separation inclined surface of the separation guide plate, and the first separation lug surrounds and is arranged in the circumferential direction of the separation inclined surface at intervals;

the second separation device comprises a second separation shell communicated with the first separation shell, the second separation shell is of a cylinder structure with two open ends, a second filter for separating large granular impurities in grains is coaxially arranged in the second separation shell and is vertically arranged, the second filter comprises a screening section and a blanking section, the blanking section is a blanking pipe connected with the screening section, the screening section is a screening net which is conical and has two open ends, the screening net is gradually narrowed along the falling direction of the grains, a second blanking port is arranged at the side wall of the second separation shell, the second blanking port is obliquely arranged and close to the bottom of the second separation shell, a second guide plate is arranged between the blanking section and the second separation shell, the second guide plate is obliquely arranged and enables the space between the blanking section and the second separation shell to be in a closed state, the bottom of the second guide plate is close to the joint of the second blanking port and the second separation shell, a third blanking port is obliquely arranged on the side wall of the blanking pipe, a third guide plate is obliquely arranged in the blanking pipe, and the bottom of the third guide plate is close to the joint of the third blanking port and the blanking pipe;

the blowing mechanism of the first separating device comprises a blower for providing wind power to a blowing port, the blower is installed on the installation frame, the air outlet of the blower is communicated with the blowing port of the blowing mechanism through a ventilation element, the ventilation element comprises a ventilation pipeline communicated with the air outlet of the blower, and a ventilation rod connected between the ventilation pipeline and the blowing port is a long straight rod, the ventilation rod is coaxially arranged with the first separating shell and the second separating shell, one end of the ventilation rod is connected with the ventilation pipeline, and the other end of the ventilation rod sequentially penetrates through the third guide plate, the second filter, the guide material inlet device and the center of the first separator to vertically extend upwards and is connected with the blowing port.

As a further improvement of the present solution.

The mounting frame comprises a limiting frame for mounting the grain separator body and a base fixedly arranged on the ground, elastic pieces are arranged between the limiting frame and the base and are respectively arranged at four corners of the bottom of the limiting frame, the elastic pieces are springs, one end of each elastic piece is connected with the base, and the other end of each elastic piece is connected with the limiting frame;

the first blanking ports are provided with a plurality of first blanking ports which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the separating disc at intervals, the first blanking ports are vertically arranged, the bottom of each first blanking port is connected with a first impurity discharging channel in a matching mode, each first impurity discharging channel comprises a feeding channel, a middle channel and a discharging channel, the feeding channels are communicated with the feeding channels in a matching mode, the discharging channels are communicated with the middle channels and used for discharging light impurities such as sand, dust, rice husks and straws, the middle channels and the discharging channels are obliquely arranged, and the middle channels surround the circumferential direction of the first separating shell;

the separating disc is provided with a transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism comprises a transmission motor a, a transmission member, a separating ring and a push plate, the separating ring is coaxially and movably sleeved on the inner wall of the separating disc and can rotate around the axis of the separating disc, the push plate is provided with a plurality of push plates which uniformly surround the circumferential direction of the outer circumferential surface of the separating ring, the push plates are vertically arranged and are positioned between the inner wall and the outer wall of the separating disc, the transmission motor a is arranged on the separating disc, the output shaft of the transmission motor a is vertically arranged, the output shaft of the transmission motor a is connected to the driving part of the transmission member, and the driven part of the transmission member is connected with the separating ring;

the transmission component comprises a first gear b, a second gear c, a rotating shaft d and a third gear e, the first gear b is coaxially and fixedly sleeved outside an output shaft of the transmission motor a, the rotating shaft d penetrates through the disc surface of the separating disc and is vertically arranged, the rotating shaft d is movably connected with the disc surface of the separating disc and can rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft d, the second gear c is coaxially and fixedly sleeved at one end of the rotating shaft d, the third gear e is coaxially and fixedly sleeved at the other end of the rotating shaft d, the second gear c is meshed with the first gear b, and an inner ring gear meshed with the third gear e is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the inner ring surface of the separating ring.

Compared with the prior art, the grain separator has the advantages that the grain separator is provided with the feeding device, the first separating device and the second separating device, the feeding device can intermittently supply materials to the first separating device, the blocking phenomenon of the feeding device can be reduced by adopting the intermittent feeding, the feeding end of the first separating device is provided with the separating guide plate, the plate surface of the separating guide plate is provided with the first separating lug, when grains fall onto the separating guide plate, the heights of the light impurities such as rice husks and straws which bounce up when the light impurities collide with the first separating lug are different, therefore, the light impurities such as the rice husks and the straws can be separated from the grains, after the grains are separated and decontaminated by the first separating device, the grains enter the second separating device for secondary impurity removal, and the separated impurities are concentrated, so that the grains are convenient to clean.

Drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting bracket of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a feeding device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a feeding device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a feeding device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the feeding lower end seat of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the bulk material element of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the first separation device and the second separation device of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a first separation apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a first exhaust channel of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a first separation bump according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a first separation apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of a first separating mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a first separating mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a second separating mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of the structure of the separation disc of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a second separating mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a second separating mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 19 is a schematic view of the transmission mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the separation ring and push plate of the present invention in cooperation.

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a second separation apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of a second separation apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 23 is a schematic view of a blowing mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 24 is a schematic view of a blowing mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 25 is a schematic view of a blowing mechanism of the present invention.

Labeled as:

10. a feeding device; 110. feeding an upper end seat; 120. feeding a lower end seat; 121. a first guide plate; 122. a second guide plate; 123. a feeding port; 124. a connecting portion; 130. a feeding mechanism; 131. a first rotating part; 132. a first link; 133. a second link; 134. a first shutter plate; 135. a second shutter plate; 136. a second rotating part; 137. a third link; 138. a fourth link; 140. a bulk material element; 141. a feed tray; 142. a bulk material guide block;

20. a first separation device; 210. a first separating mechanism; 211. a first separation housing; 212. a first filter; 213. a first guide plate; 214. a first outlet; 220. a second separating mechanism; 221. a transmission mechanism; 221a, a transmission motor; 221b, a first gear; 221c, a second gear; 221d, a rotating shaft; 221e, a third gear; 222. an inner gear ring; 223. separating the ring; 224. a separation disc; 225. pushing the plate; 226. a roller; 227. a first blanking port; 230. separating the guide plate; 231. connecting columns; 232. a first separation bump; 240. a blowing mechanism; 241. a blower; 242. a ventilation duct; 243. a ventilation bar; 244. an air blowing port; 245. a sealing cover; 246. a blower motor; 247. a driving wheel; 248. a driven wheel; 250. a first exhaust channel; 251. a feed channel; 252. a middle channel; 253. a discharge channel; 260. a protective element; 261. a sleeve; 262. a limiting shell; 263. a bearing;

30. a second separation device; 310. a second separation housing; 320. guiding the material feeder; 330. a second filter; 340. a blanking pipe; 350. a second guide plate; 360. a third guide plate; 370. a second blanking port; 380. a third blanking port;

40. a mounting frame; 410. a limiting frame; 420. an elastic member; 430. a base.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-25, a multistage grain separator, includes mounting bracket 40, is used for carrying out the piece-rate system of separation edulcoration to cereal, piece-rate system pass through mounting bracket 40 and set up subaerially, piece-rate system include first separator 20, second separator 30, be used for putting into the pan feeding device 10 of first separator 20 with cereal, cereal get into in first separator 20 through pan feeding device 10 to get into in the second separator 30 after the separation edulcoration of first separator 20, cereal carries out the secondary separation edulcoration through second separator 30 and makes cereal and impurity separate completely, cereal has improved the cleanliness of cereal after the separation edulcoration of first separator 20, second separator 30, thereby has reached the requirement of people's required essence dress cereal.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3-7, the first separating device 20, the second separating device 30, and the feeding device 10 are arranged vertically, and the feeding device 10, the first separating device 20, and the second separating device 30 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the feeding device 10 includes a hopper, a feeding upper end seat 110, and a feeding lower end seat 120, the feeding upper end seat 110 and the feeding lower end seat 120 are provided with openings and are communicated with each other, the hopper is connected with the feeding upper end seat 110 and is communicated with the opening of the feeding upper end seat 110, the feeding lower end seat 120 is communicated with the first separating device 20, and grains enter the first separating device 20 through the hopper and the feeding upper end seat 110 and the feeding lower end seat 120.

When the grains enter the first separating device 20 through the hopper and the feeding upper end seat 110 and the feeding lower end seat 120, the hopper, the feeding upper end seat 110 and the feeding lower end seat 120 are always in a connected state, the feeding amount of grains entering the first separating device 20 cannot be controlled, when a large amount of grains enter the first separating device 20 at the same time, the first separating device 20 is limited by the separating space and cannot completely separate and remove impurities from the large amount of grains, so that the efficiency of the first separating device 20 in separating and removing impurities from the grains is reduced, therefore, the feeding amount of the grains entering the first separating device 20 needs to be controlled, so that the separation and the impurity removal of the grains in the first separating device 20 are more thorough, therefore, the feeding device 10 further includes a feeding mechanism 130 disposed on the feeding upper base 110 and the feeding lower base 120, the feeding mechanism 130 can control the feeding amount of the grains so as to achieve the best separation and impurity removal effect.

As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the feeding mechanism 130 includes a first gate 134 and a second gate 135 disposed between the feeding upper end seat 110 and the feeding lower end seat 120, the first gate 134 and the second gate 135 are horizontally disposed, and the movement state between the first gate 134 and the second gate 135 includes an open state, a closed state, and can be freely switched between the open state and the closed state, the feeding mechanism 130 further includes a feeding control member for controlling the first gate 134 and the second gate 135 to open and close, the feeding control member can provide power for the opening and closing of the first gate 134 and the second gate 135, when the first gate 134 and the second gate 135 are in the open state, grains can enter the first separating device 20 through the feeding device 10, and when the first gate 134 and the second gate 135 are in the closed state, grains cannot enter the first separating device 20 through the feeding device 10, therefore, the feeding amount of grains into the first separating device 20 can be controlled by freely switching between the open state and the closed state of the first shutter 134 and the second shutter 135.

More specifically, in order to facilitate installation of the first shutter 134 and the second shutter 135, and to enable free switching between the open state and the closed state of the first shutter 134 and the second shutter 135 to be more stable, two ends of an opening of the feeding upper end seat 110 are respectively and horizontally provided with a first support plate and a second support plate, an opening of the feeding lower end seat 120 is a feeding port 123, two ends of the feeding port 123 are respectively and horizontally provided with a first guide plate 121 and a second guide plate 122, a guiding direction of the first guide plate 121 and the second guide plate 122 points to a center of the feeding port 123, the first support plate is in matching connection with the first guide plate 121, the second support plate is in matching connection with the second guide plate 122, the first shutter 134 is arranged between the first support plate and the first guide plate 121 and can slide along the guiding direction of the first guide plate 121, the second shutter 135 is arranged between the second support plate and the second guide plate 122 and can slide along the guiding direction of the second guide plate 122, when the first gate 134 and the second gate 135 are close to each other, the first gate 134 and the second gate 135 are switched from the open state to the closed state, and when the first gate 134 and the second gate 135 are far from each other, the first gate 134 and the second gate 135 are switched from the closed state to the open state.

More perfectly, the feeding control member is disposed at the side wall of the feeding port 123 of the feeding lower end seat 120, the feeding control member includes a first rotating member 131, a first connecting rod 133 and a second connecting rod 132, the first rotating member 131 is movably connected to the side wall of the feeding port 123 of the feeding lower end seat 120, the first rotating member 131 can rotate around its own axis, the central axis of the first rotating member 131 is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the guiding direction of the first guide plate 121 and the second guide plate 122, one end of the first rotating member 131 is hinged to one end of the first connecting rod 133, the other end of the first rotating member 131 is hinged to one end of the second connecting rod 132, the other end of the first connecting rod 133 is hinged to the first shutter 134, the other end of the second connecting rod 132 is hinged to the second shutter 135, the first rotating member 131 is hinged to the first connecting rod 133, the first rotating member 131 is hinged to the second connecting rod 132, the first connecting rod 133 is hinged to the first shutter 134, and the second shutter 134 are connected to the first connecting rod 133, The axial core lines between the second connecting rod 132 and the second shutter 135 are horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the guiding directions of the first guide plate 121 and the second guide plate 122, the rotation of the rotating member 131 can drive the first connecting rod 133 and the second connecting rod 132 to move and pull the first shutter 134 and the second shutter 135 to move close to or away from each other along the guiding directions of the first guide plate 121 and the second guide plate 122, the feeding control member further comprises a feeding motor for driving the rotating member one 131 to rotate, the feeding motor is mounted at the side wall of the feeding port 123 of the feeding lower end seat 120 through a fastener, the output shaft of the feeding motor is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the guiding directions of the first guide plate 121 and the second guide plate 122, the rotating member one 131 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved outside the output shaft of the feeding motor, the output shaft of the feeding motor penetrates through the side wall of the feeding port 123 of the feeding lower end seat 120 and can rotate around the axis of the feeding motor, when the feeding amount of grains entering the first separating device 20 is controlled, the feeding motor is turned on, the output shaft of the feeding motor rotates to drive the first rotating member 131 to rotate around the axis of the first rotating member, the rotation of the first rotating member 131 can drive the first connecting rod 133 and the second connecting rod 132 to move and pull the first shutter 134 and the second shutter 135 to move close to or away from each other along the guiding directions of the first guide plate 121 and the second guide plate 122, when the first shutter 134 and the second shutter 135 are close to each other, the first shutter 134 and the second shutter 135 are switched from the open state to the closed state, when the first gate 134 and the second gate 135 are away from each other, the first gate 134 and the second gate 135 are switched from the closed state to the open state, and the first gate 134 and the second gate 135 are intermittently opened and closed, so that the feeding amount of grains into the first separating device 20 can be controlled.

More specifically, in order to balance the forces applied when the first gate 134 and the second gate 135 move toward/away from each other along the guiding directions of the first guide plate 121 and the second guide plate 122, and ensure the stability of the free switching between the closed state and the open state of the first gate 134 and the second gate 135, the feeding control member further includes a second rotating member 136, a third connecting rod 137, and a fourth connecting rod 138, the second rotating member 136 is movably disposed at the sidewall of the feeding port 123 of the feeding lower end seat 120 and is disposed opposite to and coaxially with the first rotating member 131, the second rotating member 136 and the first rotating member 131, the third connecting rod 137 and the second connecting rod 132, and the fourth connecting rod 138 and the first connecting rod 133 are disposed in parallel, one end of the second rotating member 136 is hinged to one end of the third connecting rod 137, and the other end is hinged to one end of the fourth connecting rod 138, the other end of the third connecting rod 137 is hinged to the second gate plate 135, the other end of the fourth connecting rod 138 is hinged to the first gate plate 134, axial lines between the second rotating part 136 and the third connecting rod 137, between the second rotating part 136 and the fourth connecting rod 138, between the third connecting rod 137 and the second gate plate 135, and between the fourth connecting rod 138 and the first gate plate 134 are all horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the guiding directions of the first guide plate 121 and the second guide plate 122, and when the closed state and the open state of the first gate plate 134 and the second gate plate 135 are freely switched, the feeding control component can ensure the stress balance and stability of the first gate plate 134 and the second gate plate 135.

Preferably, the end portions of the first and

second shutters

134 and 135 close to each other are provided with guiding slopes, which facilitate the gathering of the grains toward the feeding port 123 of the feeding lower end seat 120, so as to facilitate the placing of the grains into the first separating device 20.

As shown in fig. 6 to 7, a connecting portion 124 communicated with the first separating device 20 is disposed below the feeding port 123 of the feeding lower end seat 120, the connecting portion 124 is a cylindrical structure with openings at two ends, the grains are collected by the guiding inclined planes of the first gate 134 and the second gate 135 and enter the first separating device 20 through the feeding port 123, the grains and the impurities collected into the first separating device 20 are in close contact, which is not beneficial to separating and removing the grains, so that the contact tightness between the grains and the impurities is reduced, even if the grains and the impurities are separated, the impurities of the grains can be separated and removed, a bulk material element 140 is disposed between the connecting portion 124 and the first separating device 20, and the bulk material element 140 can disperse the collected grains, thereby improving the impurity removing efficiency of the first separating device 20.

As shown in fig. 7, the bulk cargo member 140 includes a feeding tray 141 and a bulk cargo guide block 142, the feeding tray 141 is fittingly installed at the bottom opening of the connecting portion 124, a feeding gap is provided on the feeding tray 141, a feeding guide block 142 is provided at the center of the feeding tray 141, the feeding guide block 142 is tapered and the tapered surface is vertically arranged upward, which is significant in that grains enter through the connecting portion 124 and fall onto the tapered surface of the feeding guide block 142, the grains are dispersed around after sliding down through the tapered surface, and the dispersed grains enter into the first separating device 20 through the feeding gap of the feeding tray 141.

As shown in fig. 8-20, the first separating device 20 includes a protective shell connected to the feeding device 10, a first separating mechanism 210 for separating small granular impurities from grains, and a second separating mechanism 220 for separating light impurities such as sand, rice hulls, and straws mixed in grains, the first separating mechanism 210 and the second separating mechanism 220 are disposed in the protective shell, grains enter the protective shell through the feeding device 10, and are separated and decontaminated by the first separating mechanism 210 and the second separating mechanism 220 to obtain relatively pure grains, and then grains enter the second separating device 30, and are separated and decontaminated by the second separating device 30 to further improve the cleanliness of grains.

As shown in fig. 8 and 14, the first separating mechanism 210 includes a first separating housing 211, the first separating housing 211 is disposed in the protective housing, the first separating housing 211 is a cylindrical tube structure with two open ends, a first filter 212 for separating small granular impurities in grains is coaxially disposed in the first separating housing 211, the first filter 211 is vertically disposed, the first filter 211 includes a filtering and separating section and a grain discharging section, the filtering and separating section is a filtering screen, the filtering screen is conical and has two open ends, along a falling direction of grains, the filtering screen is gradually narrowed, the small granular impurities can leak out through pores of the filtering screen, grains slide down to the grain discharging section along a surface of the filtering screen and enter the second separating device 30 through the grain discharging section, the small granular impurities leak out through pores of the filtering screen and fall to the periphery of the grain discharging section, in order to intensively treat small granular impurities, a first outlet 214 is arranged on the side wall of the first separation shell 211, the first outlet 214 is obliquely arranged and close to the bottom of the first separation shell 211, a first guide plate 213 is arranged between the grain discharging section and the first separation shell 211, the first guide plate 213 is obliquely arranged and enables the space between the grain discharging section and the first separation shell 211 to be in a closed state, the bottom of the first guide plate 213 is close to the joint of the first outlet 214 and the first separation shell 211, and the small granular impurities can slide to the first outlet 214 through the surface of the first guide plate 213 and be discharged.

More specifically, be provided with the spigot surface on the circumferencial direction of foretell first separation shell 211's upper end opening part, along vertical decurrent direction, the spigot surface narrows down gradually, and the significance of design like this lies in, cereal disperses around after the conical surface landing of feeding guide block 142, and cereal after the dispersion falls into first separation shell 211 through the feeding clearance of feed tray 141, and the spigot surface can avoid the cereal whereabouts of dispersion whereabouts outside first separation shell 211.

As shown in fig. 8-13 and 15-20, the second separating mechanism 220 includes a separating tray 224, a first blanking opening 227 disposed on the separating tray 224, and a first impurity discharging passage 250 communicated with the first blanking opening 227 and used for discharging light impurities such as sand, rice hulls, and straws mixed in the grains, wherein the light impurities in the grains are separated by blowing air, and the sand, the rice hulls, and the straws mixed in the grains are separated from the grains by air, so that the second separating mechanism 220 further includes an air blowing mechanism 240, the grains enter the protective shell through the feeding device 10, the air blowing mechanism 240 blows the sand, the rice hulls, and the straws mixed in the grains into the separating tray 224, and the sand, the rice hulls, and the straws fall into the first impurity discharging passage 250 through the first blanking opening 227 on the separating tray 224 and are discharged.

More specifically, the blowing mechanism 240 includes a blowing port 244, the blowing port 244 is disposed at an upper opening of the first separating housing 211, the wind direction of the blowing port 244 is horizontally arranged and faces the periphery of the upper opening of the first separating housing 211, the separating tray 224 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved outside the first separating housing 211, two coaxial sidewalls with different diameters are vertically extended in the circumferential direction of the separating tray 224, an inner wall is close to the center of the separating tray 224, an outer wall is far from the center of the separating tray 224, the first material dropping port 227 is located between the inner wall and the outer wall, the outer wall of the separating tray 224 is fixedly connected with the protective housing through a fastener and is in close contact with the protective housing, the grains dispersed by the feeding guide block 142 fall into the upper opening of the first separating housing 211 through the feeding gap of the feeding tray 141, the blowing mechanism 240 generates wind force and delivers the wind force to the blowing port 244, the air blowing port 244 blows air to the periphery of the opening at the upper end of the first separation shell 211 and lifts sand dust, rice hulls and straws mixed in grains, the lifted sand dust, rice hulls and straws continue to move to the periphery of the opening at the upper end of the first separation shell 211 under the action of wind force and fall between the inner wall and the outer wall of the separation disc 224, and then the sand dust, the rice hulls and the straws fall into the first impurity discharging channel 250 through the first material falling port 227 on the separation disc 224 and are discharged.

More perfect, foretell first blanking mouth 227 is provided with a plurality of and evenly arranges in the circumferencial direction of separation disc 224 at interval, and first blanking mouth 227 is vertical arrangement, the bottom and the first discharge channel 250 accordant connection of first blanking mouth 227, first discharge channel 250 include feed channel 251, the intermediate channel 252 that is linked together with feed channel 251, be linked together with intermediate channel 252 and be used for the discharge outlet channel 253 with light impurities such as sand and dust, rice husk, straw that matches intercommunication with a plurality of first blanking mouths 227, intermediate channel 252, discharge outlet channel 253 all incline to arrange, be favorable to the discharge of light impurity, simultaneously, for the compactness of grain separator overall structure in order to reduce its occupation space, intermediate channel 252 encircle in the circumferencial direction of first separation shell 211.

In order to disperse grains falling into the protective shell as much as possible, the bottom of the bulk material element 140 is provided with the separation guide plate 230, the separation guide plate 230 comprises a separation inclined surface and a connecting column 231, the separation inclined surface is fixedly connected with the bulk material element 140 through the connecting column 231, the separation inclined surface is conical, and the separation inclined surface is gradually narrowed along the vertical upward direction, so that the grain is dispersed by the bulk material element 140 and then falls onto the separation inclined surface, and then secondary separation is carried out through the separation inclined surface, so that the dispersion degree of the grains is increased.

When the grains fall down through the bulk cargo element 140, light impurities such as rice hulls and straws mixed in the grains are easily coated on the surfaces of the grains, and the grains are not easily dispersed from the light impurities such as the rice hulls and the straws, so that the light impurities such as the rice hulls and the straws cannot be completely blown to the periphery of the opening at the upper end of the first separation shell 211, and the light impurities such as the rice hulls and the straws are not completely separated, the first separation bumps 232 are arranged on the separation inclined plane of the separation guide plate 230, the first separation bumps 232 are arranged around and at intervals in the circumferential direction of the separation inclined plane, when the grains fall down onto the separation inclined plane, the grains coated with the light impurities such as the rice hulls and the straws collide with the first separation bumps 232, and as the grains are hard in texture and the light impurities such as the rice hulls and the straws are soft in texture, when the grains collide with the first separation bumps 232, the heights of the light impurities such as rice hulls and straws which bounce when colliding with the first separation bump 232 are different, so that the light impurities such as the rice hulls and the straws can be separated from grains, the light impurities such as the rice hulls and the straws which are separated from the grains move around the opening at the upper end of the first separation shell 211 under the action of wind force of the air blowing port 244 and fall between the inner wall and the outer wall of the separation disc 224, and then fall into the first impurity discharging channel 250 through the first falling port 227 on the separation disc 224 and are discharged.

The light impurities such as the sand, the rice hulls, the straws and the like falling into the separating disc 224 fall into the first impurity discharging channel 250 through the first blanking port 227 and are discharged, because the wind direction of the air blowing port 244 faces the circumferential direction of the first separating shell 211, the light impurities such as the sand, the rice hulls, the straws and the like fall into the circumferential direction between the inner wall and the outer wall of the separating disc 224, the light impurities such as the sand, the rice hulls, the straws and the like falling into the first blanking port 227 can be discharged through the first impurity discharging channel 250, the light impurities such as the sand, the rice hulls, the straws and the like falling onto the disc surface of the separating disc 224 in the circumferential direction cannot fall into the first blanking port 227, and therefore, the light impurities such as the sand, the rice hulls, the straws and the like cannot be discharged through the first impurity discharging channel 250 and accumulated between the inner wall and the outer wall of the separating disc 224, and the transmission mechanism 221 arranged on the separating disc 224 can enable the sand, the rice hulls, the straw and the light impurities on the disc surface between the inner wall and the outer wall of the separating disc 224 to be discharged through the first blanking port 227, Light impurities such as rice hulls and straws fall into the first blanking port 227, so that the discharging stability of the light impurities such as sand dust, the rice hulls and the straws is ensured.

As shown in fig. 15 and 17-20, the transmission mechanism 221 includes a transmission motor 221a, a transmission member, a separation ring 223, and a push plate 225, the separation ring 223 is coaxially and movably sleeved on the inner wall of the separation disc 224 and can rotate around its own axis, the push plate 225 is provided with a plurality of push plates that uniformly surround the circumferential direction of the outer circumferential surface of the separation ring 223, the push plate 225 is vertically arranged and located between the inner wall and the outer wall of the separation disc 224, the transmission motor 221a is mounted on the separation disc 224 and the output shaft of the transmission motor 221a is vertically arranged, the output shaft of the transmission motor 221a is connected to the driving member of the transmission member, the driven member of the transmission member is connected to the separation ring 223, through the transmission of the transmission member, the transmission motor 221a can drive the separation ring 223 to rotate around its own axis, the separation ring 223 drives the push plate 225 to move around the circumferential direction of the outer circumferential surface of the separation ring 223 when rotating around its own axis, the push plate 225 moves to push light impurities such as sand, rice hulls, straws and the like on the disk surface of the separating disk 224 in the circumferential direction to move and fall into the first blanking port 227, and then fall into the first impurity discharging channel 250 and are discharged.

As shown in fig. 18-19, the transmission member includes a first gear 221b, a second gear 221c, a rotating shaft 221d, and a third gear 221e, the first gear 221b is coaxially and fixedly sleeved outside an output shaft of the transmission motor 221a, the rotating shaft 221d passes through a disc surface of the separating disc 224 and is vertically disposed, the rotating shaft 221d is movably connected with the disc surface of the separating disc 224 and can rotate around its own axis, the second gear 221c is coaxially and fixedly sleeved at one end of the rotating shaft 221d, the third gear 221e is coaxially and fixedly sleeved at the other end of the rotating shaft 221d, the second gear 221c is engaged with the first gear 221b, an inner ring gear 222 engaged with the third gear 221e is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on an inner ring surface of the separating ring 223, the transmission motor 221a is started, the output shaft of the transmission motor 221a rotates to drive the first gear 221b to synchronously rotate and drive the second gear 221c to rotate, the second gear 221c rotates to drive the rotating shaft 221d to synchronously rotate and drive the third gear 221e to rotate, the third gear 221e rotates to drive the inner gear ring 222 to rotate around the axis of the third gear and drive the separating ring 223 to synchronously rotate, the separating ring 223 rotates to drive the push plate 225 in the circumferential direction around the outer circumferential surface of the separating ring 223 to move, and the push plate 225 moves to push light impurities such as sand, rice husks, straws and the like on the disk surface of the separating disk 224 in the circumferential direction to move and fall into the first blanking port 227, and then fall into the first exhaust channel 250 and are discharged.

As shown in fig. 18, because the separating ring 223 is coaxially and movably sleeved in the separating discs 224, under the influence of the processing precision, when the separating ring 223 rotates, a contact friction force is generated between the separating ring 223 and the inner wall of the separating discs 224, so that the separating discs 224 generate a rotation tendency, and because the separating discs 224 are fixedly connected with the protective shell, the rotation tendency of the separating discs 224 generates a torsion force and easily causes the protective shell to deform, in order to reduce the torsion force, i.e. the friction between the separating ring 223 and the separating discs 224, the bottom of the annulus of the separating ring 223 is provided with a plurality of rollers 226 at regular intervals, and the central axis of the roller 226 is vertically arranged and can rotate on its own axis, the roller 226 comes into contact with the inner wall of the separating tray 224 and rolling friction is generated therebetween, thus, the torque force generated by the tendency of the separation discs 224 to rotate is reduced, thereby reducing the degree of deformation of the shield shell.

As shown in fig. 8 and 21-22, the grain separated and decontaminated by the first separating device 20 enters the second separating device 30, the second separating device 30 is used for separating and decontaminating large-particle impurities in the grain, the second separating device 30 includes a second separating housing 310 communicated with the first separating housing 211, the second separating housing 310 is a cylindrical structure with openings at two ends, a second filter 330 for separating large-particle impurities in the grain is coaxially arranged in the second separating housing 310, the second filter 330 is vertically arranged, the second filter 330 includes a screening section and a blanking section, the blanking section is a blanking pipe 340 connected with the screening section, the screening section is a screening net which is conical and has openings at two ends, the screening net is gradually narrowed along the falling direction of the grain, and the grain can leak through the pores of the screening net, the large granular impurities slide down to the grain blanking section along the surface of the screen and are discharged through the grain blanking section, the grains leak out through the pores of the screen and fall to the periphery of the grain blanking section, in order to perform centralized processing on the grains, a second blanking port 370 is arranged at the side wall of the second separation shell 310, the second blanking port 370 is obliquely arranged and is close to the bottom of the second separation shell 310, a second guide plate 350 is arranged between the blanking section and the second separation shell 310, the second guide plate 350 is obliquely arranged and enables the space between the blanking section and the second separation shell 310 to be in a closed state, the bottom of the second guide plate 350 is close to the joint of the second blanking port 370 and the second separation shell 310, and the grains can slide down to the second blanking port 370 through the surface of the second guide plate 350 and be discharged, and meanwhile, in order to perform centralized processing on the large granular impurities, the third blanking port 380 is obliquely arranged on the side wall of the blanking pipe 340, the third guide plate 360 is obliquely arranged in the blanking pipe 340, the bottom of the third guide plate 360 is close to the joint of the third blanking port 380 and the blanking pipe 340, and large granular impurities can slide to the third blanking port 380 through the surface of the third guide plate 360 and are discharged.

More perfect, foretell screening net's surface is provided with a plurality of direction slats and even interval arrangement, the direction slat be the arc, the one end of direction slat is in screening net's upper end opening part, the other end extends to screening net's lower extreme opening part, the significance of design like this lies in, curved direction slat has increased the distance that cereal glided in screening net surface to comparatively thorough to large granular impurity separation.

More specifically, the circular direction of the upper end opening part of foretell second separation shell 310 on coaxial fixed direction income glassware 320 that is provided with, the direction income glassware 320 include the pan feeding inclined plane, the upper end opening of pan feeding inclined plane and second separation shell 310 between the region be the pan feeding region, form the pan feeding clearance between the bottom on pan feeding inclined plane and the inner wall of second separation shell 310, the pan feeding inclined plane be the toper, along vertical decurrent direction, the pan feeding inclined plane narrows down gradually, the meaning of designing like this lies in, cereal can disperse all around after the slip of pan feeding inclined plane, cereal after the dispersion falls into in the second separation shell 310 through the pan feeding clearance of direction income glassware 320.

The blowing mechanism 240 of the first separating device 20 includes a blower 241 for providing wind force to the blowing port 244, in order to ensure the structural uniformity of the grain separator and the convenience of operation, the blower 241 is mounted on the mounting frame 40, the air outlet of the blower 241 is communicated with the blowing port 244 of the blowing mechanism 240 through a ventilation element, the ventilation element includes a ventilation duct 242 communicated with the air outlet of the blower 241, a ventilation rod 243 connected between the ventilation duct 242 and the blowing port 244, the ventilation rod 243 is a long straight rod, the ventilation rod 243 is coaxially arranged with the first separating shell 211 and the second separating shell 310, one end of the ventilation rod 243 is connected with the ventilation duct 242, and the other end of the ventilation rod 243 sequentially passes through the third guide plate 360, the second filter 330, the guide feeder 320 and the center of the first separator 212 to vertically extend upwards and is connected with the blowing port 244, when the blower 241 is operated, the air outlet of the blower 241 exhales and transmits the wind to the ventilation duct 242, and then the wind is transmitted to the air blowing port 244 through the ventilation rod 243.

More specifically, in order to make the air discharged from the air blowing port 244 more uniform and dispersedly blow to the opening at the upper end of the first separation case 211, the air blowing port 244 adopts an air discharging manner of rotating air blowing, that is, the ventilation rod 243 can rotate and drive the air blowing port 244 to rotate synchronously.

As shown in fig. 23-25, the ventilation rod 243 includes a movable section and a fixed section, the fixed section is fixedly disposed, the movable section is movably connected with the fixed section and the movable section can rotate around its axis, the ventilation duct 242 is communicated with the fixed section of the ventilation rod 243, the air blowing port 244 is communicated with the movable section of the ventilation rod 243, the air blowing mechanism 240 further includes a blowing motor 246 for driving the movable section of the ventilation rod 243 to rotate, the blowing motor 246 is mounted on the mounting frame 40 and the central axis of the output shaft of the blowing motor 246 is parallel to the central axis of the ventilation rod 243, the driving wheel 247 is coaxially fixedly sleeved outside the output shaft of the blowing motor 246, the driven wheel 248 is coaxially fixedly sleeved outside the movable section of the ventilation rod 243, the driving wheel 247 and the driven wheel 248 are gears/pulleys and can be engaged/belt-driven by gears, and the blowing motor 246 is started, the output shaft of the blowing motor 246 rotates to drive the driving wheel 247 to synchronously rotate and drive the driven wheel 248 to rotate, the driven wheel 248 rotates to drive the movable section of the ventilation rod 243 to rotate and drive the blowing port 244 to rotate, and the blowing port 244 rotates and exhausts air to enable wind power to be more uniformly dispersed.

More specifically, because one end of the ventilation rod 243 is connected to the ventilation duct 242, and the other end of the ventilation rod 243 sequentially passes through the centers of the third guide plate 360, the second filter 330, the guide material feeder 320, and the first separator 212, and extends vertically upward and is connected to the air blowing port 244, a friction force exists between the movable section of the ventilation rod 243 and the first separator 212, the guide material feeder 320, the second filter 330, and the third guide plate 360 during the rotation process, so as to reduce the rotation efficiency of the movable section of the ventilation rod 243, in order to improve the rotation efficiency of the movable section of the ventilation rod 243, the protective element 260 is coaxially and movably sleeved outside the movable section of the ventilation rod 243, the protective element 260 comprises a sleeve 261, a limit shell 262, and a bearing 263, the sleeve 261 is coaxially and movably sleeved outside the movable section of the ventilation rod 243, the limit shell 262 is coaxially and movably sleeved at the end of the sleeve 261 and is close to the air blowing port 244, the limiting shell 262 is fixedly connected with the sleeve 261, the bearing 263 is coaxially and movably sleeved at the end of the movable section of the ventilation rod 243 and is close to the air blowing port 244, the end of the sleeve 261 is provided with a built-in groove matched with the bearing 263, and the bearing 263 is located between the ventilation rod 243 and the built-in groove of the sleeve 261.

More specifically, the both ends of the fixed section of ventilation pole 243 be provided with the opening, an opening communicates with the activity section of ventilation pole 243, another opening matching is provided with sealed lid 245, the significance of design like this lies in, when blowing mouth 244 stops blowing, light impurity such as a small amount of sand and dust, the rice husk, straw gets into in ventilation pole 243 and causes the jam of ventilation pole 243 through blowing mouth 244, sealed lid 245 can open the lower extreme opening of the fixed section of ventilation pole 243 and in time clear up the light impurity in the ventilation pole 243 to the unobstructed of ventilation pole 243 has been guaranteed.

When the grain separator works, because the moisture content of grains is different, namely the moisture content of grains is different, and when the moisture content of grains is higher, the volume of grains is expanded, the grains enter the feeding device 10, the first separating device 20 and the second separating device 30 through the hopper, and meanwhile, when light impurities such as rice husks and straws are more in the grains, the feeding and separating impurity removal speeds of the grains are further reduced, the blockage of the hopper/the blockage phenomenon in the first separating device 20 is easily caused, so that the separating impurity removal stagnation of the grains is caused, and the damage of a working motor is easily caused when the grains are blocked for a long time, therefore, a vibrator is installed on the machine body of the grain separator, preferably, the vibrator is installed on the side wall of the second blanking port 370, and the significance of the design is that the second blanking port 370 is a discharge channel of pure grains, when the pure grains are discharged by the vibration of the vibrator, the grains in the first separating device 20 can smoothly enter the second separating device 30.

The mounting frame 40 comprises a limiting frame 410 for mounting a grain separator body and a base 430 fixedly arranged on the ground, when the vibrator vibrates, the grain separator body vibrates and causes the mounting frame 40 to vibrate, because the mounting frame 40 is mounted on the ground, the vibration amplitude of the grain separator is smaller, thereby influencing the separation effect of the grain separator, in order to increase the vibration amplitude of the grain separator and further improving the separation effect of the grain separator, an elastic member 420 is arranged between the limiting frame 410 and the base 430, the elastic member 420 is respectively arranged at four corners at the bottom of the limiting frame 410, the elastic member 420 is a spring, one end of the elastic member 420 is connected with the base 430, the other end is connected with the limiting frame 410, the stability of the grain separator body can be ensured by arranging the four elastic members 420, and simultaneously, in order to improve the structural stability of the blower 241 and the blowing motor 246, the blower 241 and the blower motor 246 are mounted on the limiting frame 410, and when the limiting frame 410 vibrates, the blower 241 and the blower motor 246 are stable in structure.

A separation and impurity removal method of a multistage grain separator comprises the following steps:

firstly, feeding grains;

s1, a feeding motor is started, an output shaft of the feeding motor rotates to drive a first rotating part 131 to rotate around the axis of the first rotating part 131, the rotation of the rotating part 131 can drive a first connecting rod 133 and a second connecting rod 132 to move and pull a first gate plate 134 and a second gate plate 135 to move close to or away from each other along the guiding directions of a first guide plate 121 and a second guide plate 122, when the first gate plate 134 and the second gate plate 135 are close to each other, the first gate plate 134 and the second gate plate 135 are switched from an open state to a closed state, and when the first gate plate 134 and the second gate plate 135 are far away from each other, the first gate plate 134 and the second gate plate 135 are switched from the closed state to the open state, the first gate plate 134 and the second gate plate 135 are intermittently opened and closed, so that the feeding amount of grains entering the first separating device 20 can be controlled;

(II) primary separation and impurity removal process of grains;

s2, small granular impurities leak out through the pores of the filtering screen of the first separating mechanism 210, grains slide to a grain discharging section along the surface of the filtering screen and enter the second separating device 30 through the grain discharging section, the small granular impurities leak out through the pores of the filtering screen and fall to the periphery of the grain discharging section, and the small granular impurities can slide to a first outlet 214 through the surface of the first guide plate 213 and are discharged;

s3, the grains dispersed by the feeding guide block 142 fall into the opening at the upper end of the first separation shell 211 through the feeding gap of the feeding tray 141, the blowing mechanism 240 generates wind and delivers the wind to the blowing port 244, the blowing port 244 blows air to the periphery of the opening at the upper end of the first separation shell 211 and lifts sand, rice hulls, and straws mixed in the grains, the grains collide with the first separation protrusion 232, the heights of the light impurities such as the rice hulls and the straws which are bounced when colliding with the first separation protrusion 232 are different, the light impurities such as the rice hulls and the straws are separated from the grains, the light impurities such as the rice hulls and the straws which are separated from the grains move to the periphery of the opening at the upper end of the first separation shell 211 under the wind force of the blowing port 244 and fall between the inner wall and the outer wall of the separation tray 224, the transmission motor 221a is started, the output shaft of the transmission motor 221a rotates to drive the first gear 221b to synchronously rotate and the second gear 221c to rotate, the second gear 221c rotates to drive the rotating shaft 221d to synchronously rotate and drive the third gear 221e to rotate, the third gear 221e rotates to drive the inner gear ring 222 to rotate around the axis of the third gear and drive the separating ring 223 to synchronously rotate, the separating ring 223 rotates to drive the push plate 225 around the circumferential direction of the outer circumferential surface of the separating ring 223 to move, and the push plate 225 moves to push light impurities such as sand, rice husks, straws and the like on the disk surface of the separating disk 224 in the circumferential direction to move and fall into the first blanking port 227, then fall into the first exhaust channel 250 and are discharged;

(III) secondary separation and impurity removal process of the grains;

s4, the grains after being separated and purified by the first separating device 20 enter the second separating device 30, large granular impurities in the grains slide to a grain blanking section along the surface of the screening net and are discharged through the grain blanking section, the grains leak through the pores of the screening net and fall to the periphery of the grain blanking section, the grains can slide to the second blanking port 370 through the surface of the second guide plate 350 and are discharged, and the large granular impurities can slide to the third blanking port 380 through the surface of the third guide plate 360 and are discharged.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention; various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The multistage grain separator is characterized by comprising an installation frame and a separation system for separating and removing impurities from grains, wherein the separation system is arranged on the ground through the installation frame and comprises a first separation device, a second separation device and a feeding device for placing the grains into the first separation device;

the first separation device comprises a protective shell communicated with the feeding device, a first separation mechanism for separating small granular impurities in grains and a second separation mechanism for separating sand, rice hulls and straws mixed in the grains, wherein the first separation mechanism and the second separation mechanism are arranged in the protective shell;

a connecting part communicated with the first separating device is arranged below a feeding port of the feeding lower end seat, the connecting part is of a cylindrical structure with openings at two ends, and a bulk cargo element is arranged between the connecting part and the first separating device and can disperse gathered grains;

the second separation mechanism comprises a separation disc, a first blanking port arranged on the separation disc, and a first impurity discharging channel communicated with the first blanking port and used for discharging sand dust, rice hulls and straws mixed in grains, the second separating mechanism also comprises a blowing mechanism, the blowing mechanism comprises a blowing port, the blowing port is arranged at the opening at the upper end of the first separating shell, the wind direction of the blowing port is horizontally arranged and faces to the periphery of the opening at the upper end of the first separating shell, the separation disc is coaxially and fixedly sleeved outside the first separation shell, two coaxial unequal-diameter side walls are vertically arranged in the circumferential direction of the separation disc in an extending manner, the first blanking port is positioned between the inner wall and the outer wall, and the outer wall of the separation disc is fixedly connected and tightly contacted with the protective shell through a fastener;

2. The multistage grain separator according to claim 1, wherein the mounting frame comprises a limiting frame for mounting the grain separator body and a base fixedly arranged on the ground, an elastic member is arranged between the limiting frame and the base and is respectively arranged at four corners of the bottom of the limiting frame, the elastic member is a spring, one end of the elastic member is connected with the base, and the other end of the elastic member is connected with the limiting frame;

the first blanking ports are provided with a plurality of first blanking ports which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the separating disc at intervals, the first blanking ports are vertically arranged, the bottom of each first blanking port is connected with a first impurity discharging channel in a matching mode, each first impurity discharging channel comprises a feeding channel, a middle channel and a discharging channel, the feeding channels are communicated with the feeding channels in a matching mode, the discharging channels are communicated with the middle channels and used for discharging sand, dust, rice husks and straws, the middle channels and the discharging channels are obliquely arranged, and the middle channels surround the circumferential direction of the first separating shell;