RU222488U1 - A device for combating miniature unmanned vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to air defense systems, in particular to complexes for combating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), in particular, low-flying, low-altitude and low-speed light class vehicles. The device for combating miniature unmanned vehicles is made in the form of a multi-barrel pyrotechnic launcher, consisting of barrels that are designed to accommodate missiles with a muted rear part, and the multi-barrel pyrotechnic launcher is made in the form of a pyrotechnic missile unit, made with the ability to turn on a set of missiles, when In this case, a multi-barrel pyrotechnic launcher is installed on a rotary-tilt table on which the wick ignition system is located. The pyrotechnic missile unit includes a central low-altitude missile unit, configured to accommodate low-level charges to defeat miniature unmanned vehicles, around which high-altitude blocks are installed, configured to accommodate high-level charges to defeat miniature unmanned vehicles. The central low-altitude missile unit for destroying miniature unmanned aerial vehicles is configured to be equipped with a charge to destroy a given area of the spatial-volumetric lesion area, specified by its diameter, and the high-altitude units are configured to be equipped with charges to destroy a given volume of the spatial-volumetric lesion area, specified by its height. The rotary-tilt table is equipped with at least two retractable arms mounted on its inclined platform. At the ends of the retractable rods, additional blocks for the high-altitude level of destruction of miniature unmanned vehicles are fixed. The technical result achieved by implementing the claimed utility model is to increase the operating efficiency of the device.

Description

The utility model relates to air defense systems, in particular to complexes for combating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), in particular, low-flying, low-altitude and low-speed light class vehicles.

Various methods and technical solutions for combating UAVs are known based on the use of a decoy net device for combating remotely piloted (unmanned) aircraft (patent No. 72753) and a device for combating remotely piloted (unmanned) aircraft (RU 72754, class F41H 13 /00, publ. 2008).

The disadvantages are the complexity of the design and implementation technology, large dimensions, relatively small geometric dimensions of the network or the complexity of its spatial deployment with large network sizes, and the implementation technology requires high accuracy of delivery and shooting of the trap net, high engine power for towing the net, high cost of the device itself , which reduces the likelihood of the enemy’s failure to complete a mission, and reduces the effectiveness of using the considered analogues.

Artillery systems with controlled remote detonation are known to combat low-altitude and low-speed light-class aircraft (Electronic resource: https://topwar.ru/98134-o-borbe-s-bespilotnymi-letatelnymi-apparatami.html. About the fight against unmanned aerial vehicles . 2016).

The main disadvantages of artillery systems with controlled remote detonation are the complexity of the design and the low efficiency of their operation.

The Pantsir-S1 anti-aircraft missile and gun system is also known. It has several different means of detection, guidance and weapons that ensure the destruction of air targets, including small ones, which are particularly difficult for anti-aircraft systems (Electronic resource: On the fight against unmanned aerial vehicles: https://topwar.ru/98134-o -borbe-s-bespilotnvmi-letatelnvmi-apparatami.html).

However, the main disadvantages of such complexes are the complexity of their design and maintenance, which reduces the efficiency of their operation.

A known complex for detecting and combating small-sized unmanned aerial vehicles, including systems for detecting it, calculating spatial coordinates, pointing launchers, launching missiles and hitting UAVs with elements of a missile warhead (see, for example, A.I. Godunov, S.V. Shishkov, Yurkov N.K. Complex for detecting and combating small-sized unmanned aerial vehicles. Reliability and quality of complex systems, No. 2(6), 2014).

The disadvantage of the device is the complexity of the design associated with the need for high-precision guidance of ammunition. In addition, the limited area of destruction of a UAV with one shot does not provide a high probability of hitting the target, and the high consumption of ammunition may turn out to be economically unprofitable from the point of view of destroying inexpensive UAVs.

A device is known, implemented in a method of combating UAVs using electromagnetic radiation, including systems for detecting the UAV, determining the distance to it and emitting electromagnetic energy in the direction of the UAV with a power sufficient to disable the on-board control system by inducing currents on the parasitic antennas of the unmanned aerial vehicle. device (RU 2551821, class H01Q 1/00, published 2015).

The disadvantage of the device is the complexity of the design due to the need to create powerful electromagnetic microwave radiation, as well as due to the harmful effects on humans.

A device is known, implemented in a method of combating unmanned aerial vehicles, including systems for detecting and determining the spatial coordinates of a UAV in the forward flight area of the UAV at a distance not greater than a given one from it, forming a spatially extended web of light durable strips (ribbons) of synthetic fiber at least at least one echelon. The formation of such a web ensures that an unmanned aerial vehicle gets into it with a probability close to one. Flight of a UAV in the area of such a web will lead to winding of ribbons on the propellers and ultimately a fall (forced landing) of the UAV (RU 2625506, class B41N 13/00, publ. 2017).

The disadvantage of the device is the complexity of the design associated with ensuring high accuracy of delivery and shooting of lightweight strong strips (tapes) that still need to be manufactured, as well as the difficulty of deploying a spatially extended web from them. In addition, the decoy net carrier's guidance system is subject to electronic jamming.

A complex for combating unmanned aerial vehicles is known, which consists of a movable tower, a base chassis, and the tower houses missile launchers and an artillery system (RF 2700107, class F41H 11/02, publ. 2019).

However, despite the use of such an original design technique, the disadvantages of the known solution include the complexity of design and maintenance, as well as high cost, which reduces the efficiency of using the considered technical solution.

There is a known method and device in the form of a firework containing charges connected to each other, and contains charges of the lower level, charges of the middle level and/or charges of the high level, while the charges of the middle level and/or charges of the high level are connected with the possibility of operation with a delay of 10 -1200 s, after the lower level charges are triggered, while all charges are connected to each other by an electrical cable or fire cord (RU 46574, class F42B 4/00, publ. 2005).

The closest technical solution is a multi-barrel pyrotechnic launcher (MPPU), implemented in a method and device for multi-factor protection of objects from miniature unmanned vehicles (mini-UAVs), consisting of multi-directional barrels at different angles relative to the vertical axis - mortars with fireworks rockets, made in the form a cylindrical body with a blanked rear part, mounted on an H-shaped frame, and in the body of each mortar there is a built-in starting device, consisting of a disposable electric igniter and an electrical connector, to which a signal and starting wire is connected from the outside, connected into a cable assembly from all mortars MPPU, which in turn is connected to a remote display and control device (DCU), and the fireworks rocket contains a fireworks charge, which may include striking elements of various designs and physical principles of operation (RU 2771865, class B41N 11/04, publ. 2021) .

The disadvantages of the known device are the low probability of failure of the mini-UAV mission due to the low precision of the MPPU guidance, which is explained by the inability to regulate the process of targeting missiles at the mini-UAV during its movement, as well as technological complexity due to the need to have a set of pyrotechnic installations, as well as due to the need to mark the territory and install a large number of MPPUs around the object - mini UAVs, ensuring synchronization of their operation. In addition, the device is distinguished by its design complexity due to the use of a wire connection of an electric charge igniter - a signal and trigger wire, connected into a cable assembly from all MPPU mortars, which in turn is connected to a remote display and control device (DCU), which, in general, reduces the effectiveness of using a known technical solution.

The utility model is based on the problem of developing a device with high efficiency and reliability of its operation to combat low-altitude and low-speed light class vehicles such as miniature unmanned aerial vehicles.

The technical result achieved by implementing the claimed utility model is to increase the efficiency of the device for destroying miniature unmanned aerial vehicles by providing a given volume of the spatial-volumetric area of damage and eliminating the need for high accuracy in determining the location of miniature unmanned aerial vehicles.

The stated task and the specified technical result are achieved by the fact that the device for combating miniature unmanned vehicles is made in the form of a multi-barrel pyrotechnic launcher, consisting of barrels that are designed to accommodate missiles with a muffled rear part, and the multi-barrel pyrotechnic launcher is made in the form of a pyrotechnic missile block configured to turn on a set of missiles, while the multi-barrel pyrotechnic launcher is installed on a rotary-tilt table on which the wick ignition system is located.

The pyrotechnic missile unit includes a central low-altitude missile unit, configured to accommodate low-level charges to defeat miniature unmanned vehicles, around which high-altitude blocks are installed, configured to accommodate high-level charges to defeat miniature unmanned vehicles.

The central low-altitude missile unit for destroying miniature unmanned vehicles is designed to be equipped with a charge to destroy a given area of the spatial-volumetric lesion area, specified by its diameter, and the high-altitude units are configured to be equipped with charges to destroy a given volume of the spatial-volumetric lesion area, specified by its height .

The rotary-tilt table is equipped with at least two retractable arms mounted on its inclined platform.

At the ends of the retractable rods, additional blocks for the high-altitude level of destruction of miniature unmanned vehicles are fixed.

Execution of a device for combating miniature unmanned vehicles in the form of a multi-barrel pyrotechnic launcher, consisting of barrels that are designed to accommodate missiles with a muffled rear part, and the multi-barrel pyrotechnic launcher is made in the form of a pyrotechnic missile unit, made with the ability to turn on a set of missiles, when This multi-barrel pyrotechnic launcher is installed on a rotary-tilt table, on which the wick ignition system is located, allows:

firstly, it is more effective to track and extinguish a mini-UAV if it hovers away from the device due to the ability to aim at a target by adjusting the angle of inclination of the blocks and their rotation using a rotary-tilt table. This ensures a uniform distribution of fired charges around a detected enemy mini-UAV to capture a larger area and a greater likelihood of its destruction. At the same time, high accuracy in determining the location of the mini-UAV is not required,

secondly, to improve the manufacturability of operations during assembly, preparation and use by eliminating the use of a significant number of MPPUs instead of the proposed one,

thirdly, reduce financial costs.

Execution of a device for combating miniature unmanned vehicles, in which the pyrotechnic missile unit includes a central low-altitude missile unit, configured to accommodate charges of the lower level of destruction of miniature unmanned vehicles, around which high-altitude blocks are installed, configured to accommodate charges of the high-altitude level of destruction of miniature unmanned vehicles, allows you to increase the likelihood of destroying a mini-UAV, and therefore the reliability of the device for neutralizing a mini-UAV, by forming a spatial-volumetric destruction area around it in the form of a trap by launching missiles with charges of the lower destruction level in order to capture a large area of the destruction zone, and the high-altitude level lesions to cover a larger volume of the affected area.

Execution of a device for combating mini-UAVs, in which the central low-altitude missile unit for destroying miniature unmanned aerial vehicles is designed to be equipped with a charge to destroy a given area of the spatial-volumetric area of destruction, specified by its diameter, and the high-altitude units are designed to be equipped with charges to destroy a given volume of the spatial-volumetric area of damage, specified by its height, makes it possible to increase the likelihood of destroying a mini-UAV due to the formation of a larger area and volume of damage and saturation of the area around the mini-UAV with elements of explosions in the form of dispersed particles of pyrotechnic rockets.

The design of the device for combating mini-UAVs, in which the rotary-tilt table is equipped with at least two retractable rods mounted on its inclined platform, at the ends of which additional blocks of the high-altitude level of destruction of miniature unmanned vehicles are fixed, makes it possible to strengthen the destruction zone of mini-UAVs. UAV, or increase the volume of the affected area by spacing additional blocks from the central unit, which increases the efficiency of using the claimed device.

In general, the operational reliability of the implementation of the claimed device for combating drones is increased. At the same time, the use of a set of blocks with missiles of varying charge power and flight range, taking into account the possibility of adjusting the size of the affected area, allows you to form a spatial-volume zone in the form of a trap for mini-UAVs more rationally and, accordingly, more economically, which, in general, increases efficiency use of the proposed technical solution.

At the same time, the possibility of forming an adjustable spatial-volume zone in the form of a trap for a hovering enemy drone is possible both from the surface of the earth and the sea, for example, from a ship, which also increases the efficiency of using the proposed anti-drone device.

The device for combating mini-UAVs is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a design diagram of the device; in fig. 2 - top view; in fig. 3 - diagram of the device operation; in fig. 4 - diagram of the operation of the device with additional blocks of pyrotechnic rockets.

In fig. 1 - fig. 4 is indicated: 1 - platform; 2 - bearing; 3 - rotating platform; 4 - remote rotation system of the turntable; 5 - bracket; 6 - inclined platform; 7, 8 - rocket blocks; 9 - rockets; 10 - drone; 11 - wick ignition system; 12 - additional blocks of the high-altitude level of damage; 13 - retractable rods; 14 - spatial trap; 15, 16 - explosions of charges.

The device for combating mini-UAVs consists of a platform 1, on which, using a support bearing 2, a rotary-tilt table is mounted, consisting of a rotating platform 3, controlled using a remote rotation system 4 (for example, using patent No. 2345501. IPC: H04N 5/247. Rotating device for an external surveillance camera. Publ. 2009), with an inclined platform 6 with blocks 7, 8 of pyrotechnic rockets 9 attached to it, for example, on the axis of the bracket 5 with the possibility of tilting it at an angle α (Fig. 1, Fig. 3). Moreover, block 7 is equipped with charges of the lower level of destruction of the mini-UAV 10, and blocks 8 located around block 7 are equipped with the high-altitude level of its destruction, and blocks 8 can be fixed obliquely relative to the vertical axis. In this case, the charges of blocks 7,8 are interconnected with a remote ignition system for 11 rocket fuses. In addition, the device can be equipped with additional blocks 12 for the high-altitude level of destruction of the drone on retractable rods 13. When charges 15, 16 explode, their dispersed particles form a volumetric region of space in the form of a trap 14.

For this purpose, the rotary-tilt table 3 is equipped with at least two retractable rods 13, mounted on its inclined platform 6, at the ends of which additional blocks of the high-altitude level of destruction of the drone 10 are installed with fixation at a given angle of inclination relative to the vertical axis (Fig. 4) .

Taking into account the flight range of the missiles, the angle α of inclination of the platform 6 with blocks of pyrotechnic missiles 7, 8 is set when it is rotated on the axis of the bracket 5, as well as the amount of movement t of additional blocks 12 of the high-altitude level of destruction of the drone.

The work is performed in the following order.

The proposed device for combating enemy mini-UAVs is intended to cover the tactical unit when conducting combat operations in various conditions and protecting important objects.

The operation of the anti-mini-UAV device begins with the preparation and installation of a missile launcher with pyrotechnic rockets in the zone protecting the object from UAVs (Fig. 1, Fig. 2), for which a platform 1 is installed at a selected point on the base, on which, using for example, bearing 2, a rotating platform 3 is mounted with an inclined platform 6 fixed on it, for example, on the axis of the bracket 5, after which blocks 7, 8 of pyrotechnic rockets 9 are fixed on it, and blocks 8 can be fixed inclined relative to the vertical axis. In this case, block 7 is equipped with charges of the lower level of destruction of the UAV 10, and blocks 8 located around block 7 are equipped with charges of the high-altitude level of its destruction. Next, the charges of blocks 7, 8 are connected to each other and to a remote ignition system for 11 rocket wicks.

First, prepare the base area where the missile launcher will be installed and camouflaged. Then visual detection of mini-UAV 10 is performed (Fig. 1). Then, based on the results of detection and visual determination of the spatial coordinates of the mini-UAV 10, a spatially extended area is formed in the form of a spatial trap 14 for its destruction at the flight range of pyrotechnic rockets 9 blocks 7,8. To do this, a command is given remotely from the operator's console to point the blocks of pyrotechnic rockets at the mini-UAV, for which the rotating platform 3 is rotated (for example, using patent No. 2345501. IPC: H04N 5/247. Rotating device for an external surveillance camera. Publ. 2009) with blocks 7, 8 of pyrotechnic rockets 9 in the direction of the mini-UAV 10 (Fig. 2, Fig. 3), after which the fuses 11 of the rockets 9 of blocks 7, 8 are remotely ignited.

In this case, a spatial-volume damage area in the form of a spatial trap 14, approximately limited in height (h _in - h _n ) with a diameter d, is created by launching 10 pyrotechnic missiles in the direction of a mini-UAV, equipped with charges of the lower block 7 and the altitude level of its destruction blocks 8, and the spatial-volume area of the lesion 14 can be increased by fixing the blocks 8 obliquely relative to the vertical axis (Fig. 3). When charges 15, 16 explode, their dispersed particles are distributed in the formed volumetric region of space in the form of a trap 14 and ensure their chaotic dispersion in the form of turbulent air flows. To enhance the effect of destruction, charges 15,16 can be filled with additional particles of destruction, for example, microspheres (for example: Trofimov A.N., Pleshkov L.V., Baykov A.V., Stogova I.V. Morphology and properties of hollow glass microspheres Part 1. On the sizes of industrial hollow glass microspheres / Plastic masses, No. 11-12, 2020. - pp. 15-19.). This process in its dynamics is similar to the formation of a cloud of passive interference based on dipole reflectors (see, for example, A.I. Paliy. Electronic warfare. - 2nd ed., revised and supplemented. - M.: Voenizdat, 1989, p. 62-77). The size of the spatial-volumetric area necessary to achieve a high probability of a mini-UAV hitting it is ensured by shooting several missiles with charges of the lower and high-altitude levels of its destruction, respectively, blocks 7, 8.

To increase the volume of the affected area, traps 14 use additional blocks 12 spaced from the central block 7, mounted on retractable rods 13, which are moved away from the central block (Fig. 4).

The specified distance from the mini-UAV to the formed target area - the trap and its dimensions (h _n , h _in , d) are selected from the condition of maintaining the formed area, taking into account the speed and altitude of its flight. The number of missiles is determined by the requirements for the geometric dimensions of the dispersion area of the striking elements and its density.

To ignite and launch rockets, you can use a remote pyrotechnics fuse igniter.

The formation of such a volumetric regulated zone ensures that an unmanned aerial vehicle will enter it with a probability close to one. The flight of a mini-UAV in such a volumetric controlled area, saturated with elements of explosions in the form of dispersed particles of pyrotechnic rockets, will lead to physical impact on its propellers and electronic devices, which will ultimately lead to the fall of the mini-UAV, that is, to achieving the specified technical result.

In the general design diagram of the device (Fig. 1 - Fig. 4), when using it, it can be seen that the main operations to form a spatial-volume affected area in the form of a trap are technologically interconnected, which in this case leads to an increased probability of eliminating the drone.

Therefore, the proposed anti-drone device can be implemented more effectively than analogues. At the same time, the manufacturability of operations during assembly, preparation and use is increased, as well as costs are reduced and the design of the device is simplified in comparison with known technical solutions.

In addition, the safety of military personnel remotely servicing the missile unit, which is installed at a safe distance from them (dugout, trenches, etc.), increases.

Thus, a device for combating miniature unmanned aerial vehicles makes it possible to help cover a tactical unit from enemy mini-UAVs during combat operations and protect important objects in various difficult terrain conditions and a multi-level metropolis or populated area.

A device for combating miniature unmanned aerial vehicles was modeled in the laboratory of the PSK Department of Tver State Technical University and showed good protective and operational characteristics, as well as the possibility of its use in combat conditions.

Claims (5)

1. A device for combating miniature unmanned vehicles, made in the form of a multi-barrel pyrotechnic launcher, consisting of barrels that are designed to accommodate missiles with a muted rear part, characterized in that the multi-barrel pyrotechnic launcher is made in the form of a pyrotechnic missile unit, made with the ability to turn on a set of missiles, while the multi-barrel pyrotechnic launcher is installed on a rotary-tilt table on which the wick ignition system is located. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pyrotechnic missile unit includes a central low-altitude missile unit, designed to accommodate low-level charges to defeat miniature unmanned vehicles, around which high-altitude blocks are installed, designed to accommodate high-level charges to defeat miniature unmanned vehicles . 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the central low-altitude missile unit for destroying miniature unmanned aerial vehicles is designed to be equipped with a charge to destroy a given area of the spatial-volume area of destruction, specified by its diameter, and the high-altitude units are designed to be equipped with charges to destroy a given target the volume of the spatial-volumetric area of the lesion, given by its height. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary-tilt table is equipped with at least two retractable rods mounted on its inclined platform. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that additional blocks of the high-altitude level of destruction of miniature unmanned vehicles are fixed at the ends of the retractable rods.

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