RU2220589C1 - "zolotoy felucen" proteincarbohydrate-mineral-vitamin food additive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: the suggested food additive contains protein constituent based upon nonprotein nitrogenous compounds, common salt, macroelements - calcium, phosphorus, sulfur; microelements - copper, zinc, cobalt and iodine; highly hydrolyzed carbohydrates, vitamins at the following ratio of components, weight%: nonprotein nitrogenous compounds against ammonium nitrogen 7.5 - 150 g/kg, highly hydrolyzed carbohydrates 100.0 - 750.0 g/kg, common salt 40.0 - 360.0 g/kg, calcium 9.5 - 110.0, phosphorus 5.6 - 85.0 g/kg, sulfur 6.0 - 50.0 g/kg, copper 0.11 - 1.51 g/kg, zinc 1.1 19.0 g/kg, cobalt 0.01 - 0.2 g/kg, iodine 0.02 - 0.4 g/kg, vitamin A 30.0 - 760.0 thousand IU/kg, vitamin D₃ 7.0 - 100.0 thousand IU/kg, vitamin E 0.0 - 5.0 g/kg. As nonprotein nitrogenous compounds the suggested additive contains either carbamide (or its derivatives) or diammonium phosphate or ammonium sulfate both in the form of the abovementioned compound or in the form of extrudate with wheat, corn, rice and/or other cereals. As highly hydrolyzed carbohydrates this additive contains granulated sugar and/or starch and/or syrup applied onto grains (wheat, corn, barley, oats, rice, etc. ) and/or products of their processing. As calcium and phosphorus source -- calcium salts of phosphoric acid and calcium carbonate or calcium and phosphorus directly. The suggested additive could, also, additionally contain manganese, and/or iron, and/or bentonite, and, also, magnesium and selenium. Due to this innovation the deficiency of all necessary nutritive components is restored without applying any other additional food additives. Components of this food additive are presented in optimal quantities differentiated depending upon group and type of the animal. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 6 cl, 4 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture and can be used as the only additive to replenish the diet of farm animals with all the necessary components.

 Known nitrogen-mineral feed additive for cattle (RU 2161417 C2, A 23 K 1/22, 01/10/2001), which through the use of the optimal ratio of components, wt.% - bentonite 65-70, diammonium phosphate 21-25, carbamide 9-10, optimizes the enzymatic processes in the rumen, activates the development of microorganisms, increases the efficiency of the use of nutrients in feed diets and increases milk productivity. As a disadvantage of this nitrogen-mineral supplement, it should be noted the absence in its composition of hydrolyzable carbohydrates, vitamins and other useful components. The absence of readily hydrolyzable (easily digestible) carbohydrates in the supplement with a lack of carbohydrates in the main diet can lead to a sharp increase in the formation of excess ammonia, and, as a result, intoxication of the animal organism.

 As the closest to the proposed feed additive, it is advisable to consider the additive to the feed of ruminants (GB 1316377, A 23 K 1/16, 05/09/1973). The additive contains, wt.%: Non-protein nitrogen compounds 18-28, phosphate compounds 4.5-8, sodium chloride 0-15, sodium sulfate 1-5, double salt of calcium and magnesium carbonate 6-10, trace elements (copper, iron, zinc, cobalt, iodine) 1.5-2 and sulfur 0-2. The additive does not contain easily digestible carbohydrates, vitamins and selenium. The absence of easily digestible carbohydrates makes the use of this additive, like the previous one, unsafe in use.

 The technical task of this invention is to fill the deficit of all the nutrients necessary for the animal and achieve maximum productivity without the use of any additional feed additives and while ensuring safe feeding of feed additives for animals. The components of the additive are contained in optimal quantities, differentiated depending on the type and group of animals.

This result is achieved due to the fact that the feed additive for farm animals contains non-protein nitrogen compounds as a protein component; salt; macroelements - calcium, phosphorus, sulfur; trace elements - copper, zinc, cobalt and iodine; easily hydrolyzable carbohydrates; vitamins in the following ratio of components, g / kg:
Ammonium Nitrogen - 7.5-150
Easily hydrolyzable carbohydrates - 100.0-750.0
Salt - 40.0-360.0
Calcium - 9.5-110.0
Phosphorus - 5.6-85.0
Sulfur - 6.0-50.0
Copper - 0.11-1.51
Zinc - 1.1-19.0
Cobalt - 0.01-0.2
Iodine - 0.02-0.4
Vitamin A, thousand IU / kg - 30.0-760.0
Vitamin D ₃ , thousand IU / kg - 7.0-100.0
Vitamin E - 0.0-5.0
As easily hydrolyzable carbohydrates, the additive contains granulated sugar and / or starch and / or molasses applied to grain (wheat, corn, barley, oats, rice, etc.), and / or their processed products.

 As non-protein nitrogenous compounds (ammonium nitrogen), the additive contains urea (or its derivatives) or diammonium phosphate or ammonium sulfate, both in the form of this compound and in the form of an extrudate with wheat, corn, rice and / or other grains, as a source of calcium and phosphorus, the calcium salts of phosphoric acid, and may additionally contain calcium carbonate, or directly calcium and phosphorus. Calcium carbonate is added in cases where the animal has an increased need for calcium. The additive may also optionally contain manganese and / or iron and / or bentonite, as well as magnesium or selenium.

 The unique properties of the proposed feed additives are due to the simultaneous presence of non-protein nitrogen compounds, easily hydrolyzable carbohydrates, feed phosphates, sodium chloride, macro- and micronutrients, and vitamins in it. The combination of non-protein nitrogenous compounds and easily hydrolyzable carbohydrates in one feed additive creates favorable energy conditions in the rumen of ruminants for additional synthesis of the microbial protein, which is the source of amino acids for the animal as a whole, ensures that the digestible protein deficiency in the diet is replenished to 30%, eliminates the formation of excess ammonia, thereby safety is thereby achieved when using the supplement, and the possibility of intoxication of animals is excluded. The presence of mineral components and vitamins in the additive helps to increase the digestibility of nutrients in general, increases the productivity of animals, milk and meat, live weight gain, increases the resistance of animals to various diseases.

 Feeding rates are set depending on the type of animal. In this case, the daily dose of urea should be: for young cattle of 7-12 months of age - 45 g / day, for young cattle of 13-18 months of age - 60 g / day, for cows, bulls and heifers - 90 g / day, for sheep and goats with a body weight of 35-40 kg - 9 g / day, and with a larger body weight - up to 12 g / day. The daily dose of diammonium phosphate for the same groups of animals, respectively, should be 45-90, 60-130, 90-200, 9-20 and 12-25 g / day.

 The feed supplement should be introduced into the diet gradually, starting with 1/7 of the daily dose and bringing to the full dose within a week. The daily dose is fed at least twice a day in equal shares. The feed additive should be mixed evenly with the main feed. The feed additive is used as an additional component of grain, roughage or succulent feed in the diets of ruminants.

The proposed feed additive "Golden Felucen" can be produced in the form of powder, granules, briquettes (tablets). The manufacturing process of the additive consists of the following stages:
1. Preparation of feedstock: grinding, sieving.

 2. Extrusion of non-protein nitrogenous compounds with wheat, corn, rice and / or other grain components.

 3. Dosing and mixing the components in a specific sequence.

 4. Briquetting (pelletizing) or granulation.

 5. Packing of finished products.

 Stage 3 is a multi-stage process, which allows to achieve a more uniform distribution of components.

Along with the traditional powder form of the release of the additive and the widespread granular, the inventive additive can be produced in the form of briquettes (tablets) or paste. This form has its advantages, which are as follows:
- in the briquette (tablet) there is no segregation of the components in time and during transportation, which can occur in the case of a powder form;
- the optimal way is the assimilation of non-protein nitrogenous compounds;
- the dosage of the additive is facilitated, as in the case of small tablets, it is easier to determine the daily dose, and in the case of large briquettes, the animal itself regulates the daily requirement (more or less than the calculated dose, depending on the physiological state), which was confirmed by numerous experiments.

 The powder form has a traditional advantage - the ability to mix with the main feed. Feeding the additive to the calves increased the carcass yield by 4.6–6.7% and the carcass meat by 2.4–6.0%. The quality of meat has improved. Feeding supplements to lactating goats made it possible to increase milk productivity by 25.4%. The effectiveness of the supplement "Golden Felucen" is confirmed by numerous experiments, when the food of the control group consisted of a normal diet, and the experimental group was fed this supplement, while the proportion of the livestock of the experimental group increased at a faster pace (table 1).

 Tables 2 - 4 show the most optimal feed additive recipes for various species and groups of animals, revealing the optimality of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the claimed feed additive.

Claims (7)

1. Protein-carbohydrate-mineral-vitamin feed additive for farm animals, containing a protein component based on non-protein nitrogen compounds, sodium chloride, macrocells - calcium, phosphorus, sulfur, trace elements - copper, zinc, cobalt and iodine, characterized in that as non-protein nitrogen compounds, the additive contains urea or diammonium phosphate or ammonium sulfate, additionally contains easily hydrolyzable carbohydrates and vitamins in the following ratio of components, g / kg dry matter: Non-protein nitrogen compounds in terms of ammonium nitrogen 7.5-150.0 Hydrolyzable carbohydrates 100.0-750.0 Salt 40.0-360.0 Calcium 9.5-110.0 Phosphorus 5.6-85.0 Sulfur 6.0-50.0 Copper 0.11-1.51 Zinc 1.1-19.0 Cobalt 0.01-0.2 Iodine 0.02-0.4 Vitamin A 30.0-760.0 thousand IU / kg Vitamin D ₃ 7.0-100.0 thousand IU / kg Vitamin E 0.0-5.0 g / kg 2. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, as easily hydrolyzable carbohydrates, the additive contains granulated sugar and / or starch and / or molasses. 3. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that as a source of calcium and phosphorus, the additive contains a calcium salt of phosphoric acid. 4. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, as a source of calcium and phosphorus, the additive contains tricalcium phosphate. 5. The feed additive according to claims 1, 3, characterized in that the additive further comprises calcium carbonate. 6. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises manganese, or iron, or bentonite. 7. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises magnesium or selenium.

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