RU2220525C1 - Air-operated seeding unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: seeding unit has case, seeding disk, seed and vacuum chambers, and excessive seed ejector. Ejector has two spring-loaded conical heads adjoining with their large ends to seeding unit surface. Conical heads are arranged radially at both sides in equally spaced relation from movement path of centers of sucking openings in seeding disk. Conical heads are equipped with mechanism for radial synchronous movement of heads. Said mechanism includes two spring-loaded slides connected to excessive seed ejector through links with pivot joints. Seed ejector is pivotally connected to lever-retainer of link mechanism. EFFECT: simplified construction and improved quality of single seed feeding. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to machines for sowing seeds of agricultural crops.

 Known pneumatic sowing apparatus, including a vacuum chamber, a sowing disc with holes, the ejector "extra" seeds in the form of a plate of a curved shape, mounted on two axes, one of which is stationary, and the second is mounted with the ability to move [1].

 The disadvantage of this invention is the one-sided arrangement of the “extra” seed shedter, in connection with which the “extra” seeds are not always discarded, in some cases they are only squeezed to the edge of the suction hole, which leads to a deterioration in the quality of a single-piece seed feed.

 The closest technical solution, known, is a pneumatic sowing device containing a housing with seed and vacuum chambers, a sowing disk with suction holes, an ejector of "extra" seeds, made in the form of teeth arranged in series in the direction of rotation of the disk and alternating below and above the circle on which the suction holes are made, so that the distance between this circle and the teeth located below it exceeds the distance between the circle and the teeth located above e, and both distances decrease in the direction of rotation of the disk [2].

 The disadvantage of this invention is the impact load from the teeth on the seeds, in connection with which it is possible to crush the seeds and discharge all the seeds from the hole, as well as complicating the process of setting the position of the ejector “extra” seeds, which leads to the deterioration of single-piece seed supply by pneumatic sowing device.

 An object of the present invention is to improve the quality of a single piece seed feed by the metering elements of a pneumatic metering device.

 This object is achieved in that the “extra” seed ejector contains two spring-loaded conical heads adjacent to the surface of the sowing disk with large bases, located radially at equal distances from both sides of the trajectory of the centers of the suction holes of the sowing disk and having a mechanism for radial synchronous movement of the conical heads, comprising two spring-loaded sliders connected to the pusher by links with articulated joints, and the pusher, in turn, is pivotally connected to rocker lever.

 Figure 1 shows a diagram of a pneumatic metering device, side view; figure 2 shows a section aa in figure 1.

 The pneumatic metering device includes a housing 1, in which a metering disk 2 with suction holes 3 is mounted and fixed on the drive shaft. A seed chamber 4 is located on one side of the metering disk 2, and a vacuum chamber 5 is located on the other side. At the top of the housing 1 at the outlet of the seed chamber 4 there is an ejector of "excess" seeds 6, which includes two spring-loaded conical heads 7 located on both sides of the trajectory of the suction holes 3. The conical heads 7 are connected to the spring-loaded sliders 8 disposed on the guide 9. Sliders 8 links 10 of equal length, with articulated links connected to the pusher 11. The pusher 11 is pivotally connected to the rocker mechanism 12 comprising a lever latch 13 and a scale division 14.

 Pneumatic metering device operates as follows.

 Seeds from the hopper enter the seed chamber 4, where under the influence of the vacuum created in the vacuum chamber 5, the seeds are captured by the suction holes 3 of the seed disk 2. When the seed disk 2 is rotated, the seeds fall into the zone of action of the “extra” seed dropper 6, where they crawl on conical heads 7, they are squeezed from the suction holes 3. In this case, the "extra" seeds fall away, one most centrally located seed remains. The distance between the edges of the bases of the conical heads 7 is set by moving the locking lever 13 of the rocker mechanism 12 on the scale of divisions 14. In this case, the pusher 11 moves along the guide 9, by means of the links 10 acting on the sliders 8 and thereby synchronously moving the conical heads 7. With further rotation of the seed meter of disk 2, the seeds move to the discharge zone, where the vacuum is cut off, and they, under the action of gravity, fall into the furrow prepared by the opener.

Sources of information
1. Copyright certificate of the USSR 745410, cl. A 01 C 7/04, 1980.

 2. Copyright certificate of the USSR 334937, cl. A 01 C 7/04, 1970.

Claims (2)

1. Pneumatic sowing apparatus, comprising a housing, a sowing disc, a vacuum and seed chambers, an ejector of "extra" seeds, characterized in that the ejector of "extra" seeds contains two spring-loaded conical heads adjacent to each other with large bases to the surface of the sowing disk, located radially equal distances on both sides of the trajectory of the centers of the suction holes of the sowing disk and having a mechanism of radial synchronous movement of the conical heads. 2. The pneumatic sowing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for radial synchronous movement of the conical heads contains two spring-loaded sliders connected to the pusher by links with articulated joints, and the pusher, in turn, is pivotally connected to the lever-lock of the rocker mechanism.

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