RU2220250C2 - Rail head profile grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport. SUBSTANCE: invention is designed for eliminating defects in welds by grinding. It can be used in mechanical engineering, construction and running repairs of railway tracks. Proposed device contains grinder consisting of frame running along one rail of rail track. Frame carries abrasive wheel, its drive and tracing device feed mechanism and tracing rollers. Tracing device is secured on frame and it includes housing with turning angle detent by transfer points of rail head profile and eccentric clamp through which guide bow passes. Said bow is provided with holes for said detent used in spaces between said holes and is stationary connected with handle and, through handle, with horizontal displacement limiter made in form of flanges. Frame and tracing device are hinge-connected with horizontal displacement limiter for turning relative to said limiter. Said tracing rollers are made barrel-shaped and provided with angle tilting, and said feed mechanism has vernier. EFFECT: simplified design, improved reliability, enlarged operating capabilities. 2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

 The device for grinding the profile of the rail head is designed to eliminate defects by stripping after welding. It can be used in transport engineering, in the construction and current maintenance of the railway track.

 There are known devices for processing rails, for example, a rail grinder consisting of a trolley moving along both rails, driven by a grinding head motor rotating around an axis parallel to the rail, the abrasive wheel rotates around an axis perpendicular to the rail, while the position of the grinding head relative to the trolley is adjustable in the perpendicular direction [1].

 The disadvantage of this device is excessive bulkiness and complexity, as well as the need for two guides.

 There is also known a machine for grinding a profile of a rail head having a rotating annular abrasive wheel processing the rail with its peripheral region, as well as a guide system passing inside the abrasive wheel, which includes a flat plate filling the inner diameter of the abrasive wheel and transmitting rotation from a coaxially located shaft, while the position of the plate is regulated by hydraulic devices [2].

 This device, in essence, is an abrasive unit without fully specifying the performance of the machine.

 The grinding machine for restoring the rail profile of the railway track [3] contains one or more grinding heads, consisting of an abrasive wheel with a front working surface, driven by an engine mounted on a guide trolley having means for moving; while the abrasive wheel has a peripheral surface in the form of a cylindrical surface of revolution (can be conical, flat) around the axis at different angles, grinding heads can be mounted in pairs on one bracket of the trolley.

 The disadvantage of the described device is that the grinding unit is presented without specification, requires additional hydraulic control, and an abrasive wheel with a profile of complex shape is used to grind the side surfaces, which complicates, in particular, visual control of the grinding process.

 In the machine for grinding rail joints, consisting of a trolley reciprocating parallel to the rail and the abrasive wheel, there are guides that are not dependent on the rail and parallel to it, and devices for fixing the ends of the guides. In addition, the trolley is installed in such a way that it interacts with the guides when performing reciprocating motion, and the adjusting installation tool is a micrometer screw, the fixing means includes an articulation that allows you to rotate the guide system relative to an axis parallel to the rail for processing the side surfaces of the joint [ 4].

 However, this device has the following main disadvantages: the processing of the rail occurs discretely, and not smoothly, which reduces the quality of the surface treatment, it is necessary to grind a large surface along the rail in the joint area, undulations appear, the control mechanism is complex and bulky.

 Closest to the proposed device, adopted as a prototype, is a machine for grinding a rail profile, having a grinding device consisting of a grinding head and mounted on it, rotating around an axis perpendicular to the rail being machined, and moving in parallel to the said axis of the abrasive wheel, the motor leading to movement an abrasive wheel mounted on a trolley moving along at least one rail of a railway track, rotating around a longitudinal axis, which allows tilting the grinding cial device on either side of the rail, to carry out the raising and lowering of the abrasive wheel, moreover, the frame may communicate reciprocating movement, lifting and lowering by a hydraulic gear motor, which is part of the abrasive device [5].

 The main disadvantages are the complexity of the device, the inability to eliminate wave-like irregularities, the copying device does not allow to obtain a smooth profile of the rail head (rolling surface), there is a double drive, hydraulic and electric, transportation of the device to the place of work requires additional vehicles.

 The aim of the invention is to simplify the design, increase its reliability and expand operational capabilities.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the device containing the grinding device, consisting of a frame moving along one rail of the railway track, on which the abrasive wheel is mounted, its drive and the feed mechanism of the copying device, and copying rollers, according to the invention, is mounted on the frame and includes a housing with a rotation angle lock located at the transition points of the rail head profile and an eccentric clip through which a guide arc made with holes for the aforementioned passes an ixator used between the openings and fixedly connected to the handle and through it with a horizontal movement limiter inserted into the device, made in the form of flanges, to which the frame and the copying device are pivotally connected, which can be rotated relative to the specified limiter, while the said copying devices the rollers are barrel-shaped and angularly inclined, and said feed mechanism is made with a nonius. In addition, roller cartridges and an additional support are introduced into it from two sides, increasing the support base while eliminating undulating irregularities (corrugations).

 Figure 1 presents a General view of the device, figure 2 is a side view, figure 3 - drive abrasive steep, figure 4 - limiter horizontal movement.

 The device (FIGS. 1, 2) comprises a frame 1 on which the drive of the abrasive wheel 2 is fixed, a horizontal movement limiter 3, a feed mechanism for the abrasive wheel 5, a copying device including a housing 8 with a latch 14 and an eccentric clip 6 located therein, through which the guide arc 7 passes, connected motionlessly with the handle 9 and through it with the horizontal movement limiter 3, copying rollers 4 having a barrel-shaped shape and angular slopes.

 The frame 1 and the copying device, pivotally connected to the horizontal movement limiter 3, have the ability to rotate relative to it and ultimately the rail head.

 The abrasive wheel drive (Fig. 3) comprises an electric motor 18, a reducer 17, an abrasive wheel 15, a casing 16, a drive support 19.

 The horizontal displacement limiter (Fig. 4) contains guiding flanges, large 22 and small 21, as well as an adjusting washer 20. The ribs 22 play the role of a supporting support with a maximum inclination of the mechanism during grinding of the side surfaces.

 During operation, the device is installed on the rail to be processed with the copy rollers 4, and the preliminary clearance of the adjusting washer 20 sets the necessary clearance A (Fig. 4), depending on the type of rail. The abrasive wheel 15 is supplied to the rail 23 by turning the flywheel 13 of the feeding mechanism 5, fixing it according to the vernier available on the flywheel 13. If necessary, grinding the upper part of the rail head (i.e., during profile grinding) raises the latch 14 of the copying device, frame 1 with the drive 2 rotates relative to the horizontal movement limiter 3 and the handle 9 along the guide arc 7. The desired position is fixed by the latch 14 along the base holes on the guide arc 7 or an eccentric vym clamp 6 at positions between the base apertures (2; 5).

 When grinding the side surface of the rail head, the frame 1 with the drive 2 rotates to the end of the guide arc 7, is fixed with a latch 14 on the last base hole of the guide arc 7, and the whole device is tilted by the handle 9 to the position where the copy rollers 4 will lie angularly inclined on the side surface of the rail head (Fig.6).

 At the same time, the large guide of the flanges 22 (Fig. 4) of the horizontal displacement limiter 3 remains on the lateral radius of the rail head and thereby creates a support for rolling the device along the rail head, consisting of flanges 22 (Fig. 4) and a copy roller 4 (Fig. 1 ), providing a stable position of the device in the horizontal plane (figure 1).

 Removal of wave-like irregularities (corrugations) is carried out using roller cassettes 12 and an additional support 11 (removable) mounted on a second rail, creating an additional base for profile grinding (Fig. 1).

The authors developed and tested two devices - with and without additional roller cassettes. The following technical characteristics were obtained:
abrasive wheel 150 • 51 • 63 mm (outer diameter x inner diameter x height); abrasive wheel feed 1 • 60 mm (one turn of the flywheel x complete); peripheral speed 40 m / s, AC network - three-phase 220 V, 50 Hz, power consumption 1.7 kW, type of processed rails P50, P65, P75; overall dimensions 1120 • 1760 • 870 mm (length x width x height) - without roller cartridges and 2400 • 1760 • 870 mm - with additional roller cartridges; weight 65 kg - without roller cassettes and 95 kg - with additional roller cassettes.

 Thus, the proposed device is much simpler than the known, more reliable in operation and performs additional functions of removing wave-like wear of rails. The rail-independent copying device provides high-precision grinding of the complete profile of the head. The above data confirm the feasibility of the invention.

Sources of information
1. Patent DE 1658355, E 01 B 31/17, 1972

 2. Patent UK 1435679, E 01 B 31/17, 1976

 3. Patent EP 0044964, E 01 B 31/17, 1981

 4. Patent FR 2418835, E 01 B 31/17, 1979

 5. Patent FR 2744143, E 01 B 31/17, 1997

Claims (2)

1. Device for grinding a profile of a rail head, comprising a grinding device consisting of a frame moving along one rail of a railway track on which an abrasive wheel is mounted, its drive and a feeder for copying device and copying rollers, characterized in that the copying device is mounted on the frame and includes a housing with a rotation angle lock located at the transition points of the rail head profile and an eccentric clamp through which the guide arc made with openings for said latch used between the openings and fixedly connected to the handle and through it with a horizontal movement limiter inserted into the device, made in the form of flanges, to which a frame and a copying device are pivotally connected, which can be rotated relative to the specified limiter, this mentioned copying rollers are barrel-shaped and angled, and said feed mechanism is made with a nonius. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that roller cassettes and an additional support are introduced on both sides of the cassette, increasing the support base while eliminating undulating irregularities (corrugations).

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