RU2217107C2 - Device for preventing and treating the cases of vertebral column distortion - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical engineering. SUBSTANCE: device has jacket having cylindrical chambers fixed on the patient body. The chambers are connected to pressure source. Chambers are arranged in parallel to jacket axial line on the back side. The chambers are U-shaped on the lateral parts and are arranged along the jacket with their longer parts positioned on the frontal and back side and the shelf located in auxiliary cut for making support in the auxiliary recesses. Laces manufactured from inextensible band are arranged over back part of the jacket. Means for fastening the device on the human body is designed as belt. The device has removable chambers connectable to pressure source to position them on the U-shaped chamber shelves. The jacket has control unit for adjusting its size as laces on shoulder-, lateral, frontal and back parts. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness in providing constant action exerted to the vertebral column. 3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to medicine, namely to orthopedics, and is intended for the prevention and treatment of patients with curvature of the spine.

 A device for unloading the spine is known, comprising upper and lower nodes into which spacer nodes are installed. When you press the inflatable bulb, the air is pumped through elastic rubber hoses into the pneumatic chambers, which are straightened and transmit the pressure to the rod through the piston. This creates a spacer force between the chest and waist corset and thereby unloading the lumbosacral spine (RU 2026041, 1992).

 Known orthopedic corset, which consists of load racks connecting the hip and chest belts of the corset, made in the form of an inflatable tube and elastic material with the possibility of its predominantly longitudinal elongation. One end of the tube is plugged, and the other is connected to a source of compressed gas. Racks are vertical sections of one of the aforementioned tubes, passed through the ears of the successively thigh and chest belts, or a series of individual said vertical tubes with a spring-loaded non-contact row of inserts sliding inside the tubes (RU 2098046, 1996).

 The above devices can be used to treat and prevent spinal curvature, however, their design is complicated and their constant wearing will cause discomfort for the user, which will lead to the need to wear the device for a limited time, thereby reducing the effectiveness of treatment and prevention.

 The technical result achieved by the invention is to provide an effective, almost constant effect on the spine for the prevention and treatment of its curvature.

 The invention consists in achieving the aforementioned technical result in a device for the prevention and treatment of curvature of the spine, which is made in the form of a vest attached to the body with cylinder-shaped chambers connected to a pressure source, while on the dorsal part of the vest the chambers are parallel to the axial line of the vest, and on the side parts of the chamber are made U-shaped and are located in long parts along the vest from the front and back sides and a shelf in the axillary neck for emphasis in the armpits ins, the top chambers Dorsal vest layer is a non-stretch fabric or lacing from a non-stretch tape.

 The means of fastening on the body can be made in the form of a belt and / or fasteners on the front.

 The device can be equipped with removable cameras with the ability to connect them to a pressure source for their placement on the shelves of the U-shaped chambers.

 The vest can be made with regulators of its size in the form of lacing on the shoulder, side, front and back.

 The device may be equipped with a microcompressor to maintain pressure in the chambers.

 The device may be provided with a control unit associated with a microcompressor.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 shows a front view of the device, Fig.2 is a rear view, Fig.3-5 is a diagram for calculating the work of bending the camera.

 A device for the prevention and treatment of curvature of the spine, contains a vest with front 1 and rear 2 sides, which is fixed to the user with a zipper 3 or fasteners 4, such as Velcro, or belt 5, or any combination of these means, or any other similar means . Cylindrical chambers 5 (pneumatic chambers) are located on the dorsal - rear part of the vest along the axial line of the vest, U-shaped chambers (pneumocameras) are located on the lateral parts, which have long parts 6 and transverse parts — shelves 7. Long parts of the U-shaped chambers are located along vest on the front and back sides, and their shelves - in the axillary neckline of the vest for emphasis in the armpits. A layer 8 of non-stretch fabric is located on top of the chambers of the back of the vest or lacing is made of non-stretch tape 9. A layer of fabric 8 can be sewn on top of the vest or glued to it. The lace from the braid 9 is passed through the ears 10 fixed on the vest.

 The cameras can be made inside the vest (if it is layered). In this case, the transverse and longitudinal dimensions of the vest should be calculated taking into account the decrease in the vest when air is forced into the chambers. It is possible to form cameras separately in the form of rectangles and sew them onto the vest in appropriate places. In both cases the chambers will have a cylindrical shape when inflated.

 All chambers are connected to a pressure source (not shown) through a shutoff valve 20. The device can be equipped with a microcompressor to increase the pressure in the chambers.

 In addition, the device can be equipped with a control unit associated with a microcompressor to implement an individually calculated program for adjusting the pressure in the chambers over time.

 For effective operation of the device when its size is not suitable for the user in all respects, interchangeable cameras 11 are provided (not shown in the rear view), lacing on the shoulder, side, front and rear parts. The lacing on the shoulder parts 12 is made using a braid 13 threaded into the ears 14. The lacing on the side parts 15 is made by a braid 16 threaded into the ears 17. The lacing on the back is made using braid 18 threaded into the ears 19. The braid on the chest can be made in any convenient place and be used including for correcting the features of the figure (not shown in the drawing). Interchangeable chambers 11 are used if the depth of the axillary notch cannot be adjusted using lacing on the shoulder parts of the vest.

 The device is first fitted according to the figure, then air is pumped into the pneumatic chambers and the vest is worn on the user.

The following is a calculation of the forces acting when bending the pneumatic chamber from conditions that:
1. The pneumatic chamber is a cylinder of radius r and length N.

 2. The material the camera is made of does not stretch.

 When a person is hunched over, the cameras of the vest bend on his back. When bending, the volume of the chambers is forced to decrease, because the material of the chambers is inextensible, while the air pressure inside rises (figure 3).

The volume of the direct chamber V ₀ = Hπr ²
The volume of the bent chamber V decreases compared to the straight line by ΔV, which is equal (Fig. 4) to the volume of two cylindrical "wedges" (a) or cylinder (b).

α is the bending angle of the chamber: ΔH = 2r • tgα (figure 2)
Those. ΔV = πr ² • ΔH = 2πr ³ • tgα.
The same result is obtained if we assume that the camera is not bent by a “kink” in one place, but is evenly “laid out” on the back, i.e. bends along the radius R (Fig. 3). H ₁ - the average value of the length of the bend. The volume of the curved chamber V = H ₁ r ² .

It is known:
H ₁ = H (1-r / R)) = H (l-2r • tgα / H).

Thus,
V = Hπr ² (1-2r • tgα / H) = πr ² (H-2r • tgα)
The pressure in a closed chamber is inversely proportional to its volume:
P / Po = V ₀ / V, so P = P ₀ • V ₀ / V
Camera bending work equals
A = ∫P (V) dV = P ₀ V ₀ ∫ (1 / V) • dV
Integration is carried out in the range from V ₀ to V, i.e.

A = P ₀ V ₀ • ln (V / V ₀ ) -P ₀ V ₀ • ln ((V ₀ -ΔV) / V ₀ ) = P ₀ V ₀ • ln (1-ΔV / V ₀ ) = P ₀ V ₀ • ln (l- (2r-tgα / H))
to simplify the calculations, we apply ln (1-ΔV / V ₀ ) ≈ (ΔV / V ₀ ) then
А≈P ₀ V ₀ '(-ΔV / V ₀ ) = - P ₀ • ΔV.

This work is done against the force that straightens the chamber. We denote it by F. The work is equal to its product by the distance by which the end of the chamber (D) shifts, and by 2, because the camera has 2 ends:
A = -2 • F • D
D = H / 2 • tgα; A = -F • H • tgα.

 The work is negative, because the displacement occurs against the direction of action of the force (Fig.6).

Comparing two expressions for work, we get:
F = 2 • P ₀ • Δ / (H-tgα).
Substituting the values of P ₀ = 1.5 atm, r = 2.25, cm H = 50 cm, α = 40 ^o , we obtain F = 2.4 kg

 For 6 cameras on the back of the vest, the total force is 14.4 kg. For an adult, the radius of the chambers can be increased to 3 cm. Then the force that extends the back will be 32 kg.

The force reducing the load on the spine is F ₁ = P ₀ • πr ² • n, where P ₀ is the pressure in the chambers, πr ² is the cross-sectional area, an is the number of chambers. At P ₀ = 1.5 atm, r = 2 cm and n = 4 F ₁ = 75 kg.

 The vest must be worn while working at the table, seats on the couch, in an armchair, etc. while resting, eating, etc., i.e. wear exactly when an uneven load is placed on the spine, the distribution of which is difficult to regulate. At the same time, due to the soft impact on the user's body, the vest does not lead to the formation of pressure sores, scuffs, stagnation, does not restrict movements, therefore, it does not lead to muscle atrophy, poor circulation, does not interfere with pulmonary ventilation, and does not violate the correct motor stereotype.

Claims (3)

1. A device for the prevention and treatment of curvature of the spine, comprising a vest attached to the body with cylinder-shaped chambers connected to a pressure source, a body fastener made in the form of a belt, while on the dorsal part of the vest the cameras are parallel to the center line of the vest, characterized in that on the lateral parts of the chamber are made U-shaped and are located in long parts along the vest from the front and back sides and a shelf - in the axillary neck for emphasis in the axillary dyne, while on top of the cameras of the dorsal part of the vest is lacing from non-stretching braid. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with removable cameras with the ability to connect them to a pressure source for their placement on the shelves of the U-shaped chambers. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the vest is made with regulators of its size in the form of lacing on the shoulder, side, front and back parts.

Images