RU2216386C2 - Turbo-separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cleaning air and gases from mechanical admixtures; purification of industrial gas emissions. SUBSTANCE: proposed turbo-separator has housing with supply and discharge branch pipes, entrapping chamber, shaft with at least one separating wheel mounted on it; said separating wheel consists of several rows of curvilinear blades. Concave surfaces of blades of subsequent row (in way of flow) have curvature of opposite sign as compared with blades of previous row and leading edges of blades of subsequent row cover trailing edges of blades of previous row in axial direction. Trailing edges of blades of previous row are in contact with concave surface of blades of subsequent row. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the purification of air and gases from mechanical impurities and can be used in the purification of industrial gas emissions.

 Known mechanical separator containing a housing with inlet and outlet pipes, a rotating separation wheel with radial blades mounted on the shaft. A perforated bandage is mounted on the blades of the separation wheel and above it is a trapping chamber in the form of two truncated cones. The separator is designed to separate moisture droplets from the gas stream. The disadvantage of this mechanical separator is that the blades of the separator wheel are made in the form of plates, because of which most of the moisture drops are carried away by the flow from the interscapular channels of the wheel without settling on the surface of the blades. The specified reason determines the insufficiently high efficiency of moisture removal by this separator (see ed. Certificate of the USSR 882562, class B 01 D 45/14).

 Known turbo separator for cleaning air and gases from mechanical impurities. The turboseparator comprises a housing with inlet and outlet pipes, a shaft with fan and separation wheels mounted on it, the last of which is located behind the fan wheel, catching the chamber. The separation wheel has several rows of curved blades. The blades of the next row in the direction of flow have a curvature of opposite sign with respect to the blades of the previous row and are installed axially overlapping by the input edges of the blades of the next row of output edges of the blades of the previous row with the formation of a gap between them (RF patent 2092230, class B 01 D 45 /14). This design is the closest analogue of the claimed invention and is taken as a prototype. The increased separating ability of the turbo separator of this design is associated with the shape of the interscapular channels of the separation wheel, providing multiple rotation of the dusty gas flow with the sedimentation of mechanical impurities on the concave surfaces of the rotating blades. Under the action of centrifugal forces, mechanical impurities are thrown into the trapping chamber. However, a stream of dusty air or gas passing through the gap between the inlet and outlet edges of the blades of the next and previous row will tear off mechanical impurities from the surfaces of the blades, and they will be carried away from the interscapular channels of the separation wheel, not having time to separate. This circumstance leads to insufficient efficiency in the removal of solids by this turbo separator.

 The technical result of the invention consists in the high efficiency of purification of air (gases) from mechanical impurities.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the following constructive solution of the turbo separator.

 The turboseparator comprises a housing with inlet and outlet pipes, a catcher chamber, a shaft with a separation wheel mounted on it, consisting of several rows of curved blades. The concave surfaces of the blades of the next row in the direction of flow have a curvature of the opposite sign with respect to the blades of the previous row, and the input edges of the blades of the next row overlap in the axial direction the output edges of the blades of the previous row. According to the invention, the output edges of the blades of the previous row are in contact with the concave surface of the blades of the next row. Separation wheels with several rows of curved blades with their opposite curvature provide multiple rotation of the flow of dusty air (gas) when moving in the interscapular channels of the wheel. In this case, mechanical impurities contained in dusty air (gas) will be pressed against the concave surfaces of the rotating blades and, under the action of centrifugal forces, will be ejected into the trapping chamber. At the same time, the dust layer moves along the concave surfaces of the blades of the previous row and is in contact with the outlet edges of the blades of the next row. From this cavity, mechanical impurities are removed by centrifugal forces into the trapping chamber. This eliminates the entrainment of mechanical impurities from the interscapular channels of the separation wheel, which increases the efficiency of separation of the turbo separator.

 Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a turbo separator.

 FIG. 2 is a section aa in FIG. 1.

 The turbo separator comprises a housing 1 with a supply 2 and a discharge 3 nozzles, a capture chamber 4, a shaft 5 with a separation wheel 6 mounted on it. The separation wheel 6 has several rows of curved blades 7. The concave surfaces of the blades 7 of the next row along the flow direction have a curvature of opposite sign in relation to the shoulder blades of the previous row. The input edges 8 of the blades of the next row overlap in the axial direction the output edges 9 of the blades of the previous row. The output edges 9 of the blades of the previous row are in contact with the concave surface 10 of the blades of the next row, forming a cavity 11.

 Turboseparator works as follows. The flow of dusty gas enters the inlet pipe 2, and then into the rotating separation wheel 6. The rotation of the separation wheel 6 is due to the kinetic energy of the gas stream. When the separation wheel 6 is dusty along the interscapular channels, the dust particles are pressed against the concave surfaces of the rotating blades 7 by the inertia forces. Under the action of centrifugal forces, the dust particles are thrown to the periphery and enter the collecting chamber 4. Due to the interaction of the dust particles with the gas stream, the dust layer also moves along the concave surfaces of the blades 7 in the direction of flow. Dust particles will fall into a closed cavity 11 formed by a portion of the concave surface 10 of the blades of the next row and the outlet edge 9 of the blades of the previous row in contact with it. From the cavity 11, dust particles are removed by centrifugal forces into the collecting chamber 4, excluding their entrainment from the interscapular channels of the separation wheel 6.

Claims (1)

 A turbo separator comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, a capture chamber, a shaft with at least one separation wheel mounted on it, consisting of several rows of curved blades, the concave surfaces of the blades of the next row along the flow direction have a curvature of opposite sign with respect to to the blades of the previous row, and the input edges of the blades of the next row overlap in the axial direction the output edges of the blades of the previous row, characterized in that the output edges of the blades to the previous row in contact with the concave surface of the subsequent series of blades.

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