RU221372U1 - VACUUM SWEEPER WITH ELECTRIC DRIVE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of municipal equipment intended for cleaning hard surfaces from debris and dust, and can be used for cleaning city paths, sidewalks and areas around buildings (house areas). The technical result expected from the use of the proposed vacuum cleaning machine is to extend its service life in the off-season. An electric-drive sweeper-vacuum machine is formed by a four-wheeled self-propelled vehicle consisting of an interconnected front, equipped with an electric front axle, and a rear, equipped with an electric rear axle, semi-frames, a driver's cabin with a control unit consisting of a color monitor, a joystick and a microprocessor of CortexA9+ architecture 4M with a program installed on it to provide an on-board electronic control system for a sweeper-vacuum machine, a water storage device with a means of its forced supply to the estimate selection area through spray nozzles, an electro-hydraulic station, a bunker for receiving estimates with a hatch. A suction shaft and a flexible hose for moving waste are connected to the bunker. The proposed device contains a traction stimulator, two tray brushes. The battery is a lithium-ion battery with means to ensure its operation and distribute electrical power. The interface contains an axis and a fixation bracket. The operation of the forced water supply is performed by an electric pump, and an electrically driven turbine is used as a traction stimulator. In addition, the hatch of the bunker for receiving estimates is equipped with a lifting and lowering hydraulic cylinder, the bunker for receiving estimates is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder to change its spatial position, and the hydraulic actuating equipment is connected to the electro-hydraulic station through pipelines.

Description

This utility model relates to the field of municipal equipment intended for cleaning hard surfaces from debris and dust, and can be used for cleaning city paths, sidewalks and areas around buildings (house areas).

From the prior art, municipal cleaning machines are known that operate on the principle of preliminary concentration with cylindrical and/or tray brushes on the surface of the garbage being removed in the form of waste and subsequent movement of this waste into a hopper through a pipeline by creating a reduced pressure (rarefaction) of air in the hopper.

Thus, a vacuum cleaning machine [1] is known from the state of the art, including a self-propelled chassis, coarse and fine cleaning stages, a dust intake and hydraulic drive, as well as a remote hose for removing debris from hard-to-reach places. At the same time, a dust activation system is installed in the dust suction intake, and “wet” air purification is used at the fine cleaning stage.

The disadvantage of the known harvesting machine is that during its operation the environment is polluted with exhaust products from an internal combustion engine. This is especially important for maintaining the environment when using the mentioned machine in an urban environment.

The closest in technical essence and achieved result is the well-known vacuum cleaning machine [2]. It consists of a four-wheel self-propelled transport chassis with an electric drive of the rear axle wheels, a bunker for receiving waste, under the cover of which there is a traction stimulator based on a turbine with an electric motor. The volume of the bunker is connected through a shaft equipped with a pipe to the cleaning area. There is a rechargeable battery with a charging facility and wires for distributing electrical energy to the executive units of the machine. The machine is equipped with an external battery charging port, as well as energy conversion and control systems. The device is equipped with a nozzle for forced irrigation of the surface to be cleaned with water in the cleaning area, communicating (via an electric pump) with the water tank. The machine is equipped with two tray brushes and a hydraulic station with hydraulic cylinders for manipulation (in particular, raising and lowering the hopper and hopper cover.). This known device is taken as a prototype device.

The disadvantage of this device proposed as a prototype is the impossibility of its use in patrol mode (at a speed of about 12 km/h) in the off-season in central Russia, when snow falls and ice crusts form (often localized) on the surface being cleared. The mentioned off-season period lasts approximately from mid-October to the first ten days of April. This disadvantage is due to the fact that the prototype device has only one (rear) electric drive axle, and its front wheels are not equipped with electric motors.

The problem to be solved by the proposed technical solution is to reduce the forced downtime of the vacuum harvesting machine in the off-season.

The technical result expected from the use of the proposed vacuum cleaning machine is to extend its service life in the off-season.

The claimed technical result is achieved by the fact that an electric-driven vacuum sweeper is formed by a four-wheeled self-propelled vehicle consisting of an interconnected front one, equipped with an electric front axle, and a rear one, equipped with an electric rear axle, semi-frames, a driver's cabin with a control unit consisting of a color monitor , joystick and microprocessor of CortexA9+4M architecture with installed software for the on-board electronic control system of the sweeper-vacuum machine, a water storage device with a means of its forced supply to the estimate selection area through spray nozzles, an electro-hydraulic station, a hopper for receiving estimates with a hatch, docked with a hopper, a suction shaft and a flexible hose for collecting waste, a draft stimulator, right and left tray brushes, a lithium-ion battery with means for ensuring its operation and distributing electricity, while the interface is provided by an axis with a fixation bracket, the means of forced water supply is made in the form of an electric pump, and a turbine with an electric drive is used as a thrust stimulator.

It is important that in a vacuum sweeper with an electric drive, the hatch of the bunker for receiving waste is equipped with a lifting and lowering hydraulic cylinder.

It is desirable that in an electrically driven vacuum sweeper, the bin for receiving waste waste should be equipped with a hydraulic cylinder to change its spatial position.

It is preferable that in an electrically driven vacuum sweeper, the hydraulic actuating equipment is in communication with the electro-hydraulic station via pipelines.

List of positions:

1. Self-propelled vehicle.

2. Driver's cabin.

3. Bunker for estimates.

3.1.1 Incoming air flow.

3.1.2 Outgoing air flow.

4. Mine.

5. Tray brush.

5.1. Left tray brush.

5.2. Tray brush right

6. Flexible sleeve.

7. Electric front axle.

8. Electric rear axle.

9. Joint of the first and second half-frames.

10. Hopper cover with turbine.

11. Rechargeable battery.

12. Drive electric motor.

13. Electric motor driving the turbine.

14. Voltage converter.

15. Control unit with conductive connections.

16. Electrohydraulic station.

17. On-board charger.

18. Suction pipe.

19. Water storage.

20. Hydraulic system.

21. Water spray nozzle.

22. Axis.

23. Articulation.

24. Bracket.

25. Hinged hopper mounting.

26. Hydraulic cylinder for lifting the hopper.

27. Hydraulic cylinder for positioning the hopper cover.

28. Operator.

29. Steering column

30. Control unit

31. On-board charger port.

The proposal is illustrated with graphic materials.

In FIG. 1 shows a view from the left side of the proposed sweeper-vacuum machine.

In FIG. 2 schematically shows the path of air entering the bunker and removing it from the bunker.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows the position of the bunker when unloading estimates (view from the left side) from the proposed sweeper-vacuum machine.

In FIG. 4. shows the interface between the semi-frames.

In FIG. 5 Some types of proposed sweeper-vacuum machines are presented:

5.1. left side view

5.2. front view

5.3. right side view

5.4. view from above

5.5. back view

5.6. bottom view

In FIG. 6. The driver’s cabin is shown schematically (top view through a partially removed section of the roof)

EXAMPLE No. 1

Comparative tests of the proposed sweeper-vacuum machine and the prototype machine were carried out at the end of August on the territory of Sheremetyevo-2 airport. A reserve runway (runway) at a distance of 600 meters was used. Initially, two laser rangefinders [3] were rigidly attached to the GDP at a distance of 3 meters [4] from each other so that the laser beams were oriented parallel and rested on the photo target at the end of the already mentioned distance of 600 meters. The optical sensors [5] of the phototargets were interlocked with the sources of light and sound alarms so that the latter was independently triggered when the arrival of either individual (or both simultaneously) laser beams on a specific optical sensor of the phototarget was interrupted. In other words, the alarm was activated (triggered) when the passage of the laser beam was interrupted for more than 0.1 seconds. The results of comparative tests are given in Tab. 1

EXAMPLE No. 2

Comparative tests of the proposed sweeper-vacuum machine and the prototype machine were carried out at the end of August on the territory of Sheremetyevo-2 airport. A reserve runway (runway) at a distance of 600 meters was used. Initially, two laser rangefinders [3] were attached to the GDP at a distance of 3 meters [4] from each other so that the laser beams were oriented parallel and rested on the photo target at the end of the already mentioned distance of 600 meters. Optical sensors [5] of photo targets were interlocked with sources of light and sound alarms so that the latter was independently triggered when the arrival of any (or both simultaneously) laser beams to a specific optical sensor was interrupted. In other words, the alarm was activated (triggered) when the passage of the laser beam was interrupted for more than 0.1 seconds. Previously, the surface of the GDP was covered with a layer of snow 0.2-0.3 cm thick using a mobile “snow cannon” (fan snow generator) [6]. The results of comparative tests are given in Tab. 2

EXAMPLE No. 3

Comparative tests of the proposed sweeper-vacuum machine and the prototype machine were carried out at the end of August on the territory of Sheremetyevo-2 airport. A reserve runway (runway) at a distance of 600 meters was used. Initially, two laser rangefinders [3] were rigidly attached to the GDP at a distance of 3 meters [4] from each other so that the laser beams were oriented parallel and rested on the photo targets at the already mentioned distance of 600 meters. Optical sensors [5] of photo targets were interlocked with sources of light and sound alarms so that the latter was independently triggered when the arrival of either (or both simultaneously) laser beam to a specific optical sensor was interrupted. In other words, the alarm was activated (triggered) when the passage of the laser beam was interrupted for more than 0.1 seconds. Previously, the surface of the GDP was covered with a layer of snow 10-11 cm thick using a mobile “snow cannon” (fan snow generator) [6]. The results of comparative tests are given in Tab. 3

EXAMPLE No. 4

This example was carried out on the basis of a comparative test of the proposed devices and the prototype device on the territory of the Bitsevsky forest [7] in the third ten days of October. A pedestrian path 2 km long and 2.5 meters wide was used, on the surface of which specialists from Moskompriroda formed a layer of snow 10 cm thick using a snow cannon (initially to create a recreational ski track). The preparation of the proposed device is carried out in the following sequence. The battery 11 (Fig. 1) of the proposed device was charged to 95% level through the port of the on-board charger 31 (Fig. 5.3), and the water storage tank 19 (Fig. 1) was filled with a solution of non-freezing liquid “Spectrol” (freezing limit -20C) in a volume of 300 liters. In the control unit 30 (Fig. 5), located in the driver's cabin 2 (Fig. 1) to the left of the steering column (the driver's left hand (Fig. 5), the on-board electronics software was installed from flash memory (in particular, Kingstone DataTraveler) control system of a sweeper-vacuum machine [certificate of state registration of a computer program No. 2023610871 dated January 13, 2023]. The joystick on the color screen (not shown) initially set the operating mode of tray brushes 5 (Fig. 1) corresponding to the maximum speed of patrol movement in (15 km/h) of the claimed vacuum cleaning machine, namely: 150 rpm When the claimed device starts to move thanks to the electric front and rear axles 7 and 8 (Fig. 1) to their drive electric motors 12 (Fig. 2) with battery 12 (Fig. 1) through the voltage converter 14 (Fig. 5.6) the voltage converted from 12 V to 330 V is supplied. Switching is done programmatically through a control unit with conductive connections 15 (not shown, similar in construction to the conductive connections of electric cars and electric buses ( for example Electric bus KAMA3-6282 or LiA3-6274)). When moving at a speed of 15 km/h, the electric motor driving turbine 13 (Fig. 2) in the hopper cover 10 (Fig. 6) consumes power of about 10 kW and reaches a rotation speed of 3000 rpm. The latter provides a vacuum of air in bunker 3 (Fig. 1) up to 560 mm of water column. Because of this, the incoming air flow 3.1.1 (Fig. 2) at the beginning of the shaft 4 (Fig. 1) can acquire a movement speed close to 190 km/h. From the water storage tank 19 (Fig. 1), Spectrol liquid is forcibly sprayed into the cleaning area through water spray nozzles 21 (Fig. 1) under a pressure of about 4 bar (in this case, the liquid flow rate is approximately 20 l/min when using an embrane-type EVERFLO EF 5500 electric piston pump.

Upon completion of four consecutive races, the average time per race was 8.1 minutes. Similarly, four races were performed on the prototype device. The average time for 1 race in this case was 1 hour 05 minutes. This result is unacceptable and indicates the impossibility of using the prototype device in the off-season when there is snow cover to clean non-straight paths.

Based on these four examples, one can draw a reasonable conclusion that the stated technical result has been achieved.

After the end of the races, the proposed device was parked in the parking lot. The electro-hydraulic station 16 (Fig. 1) was started again and then, using the hinged mount of the hopper 25 (Fig. 3), the hopper 3 (Fig. 3) was raised. Next, the debris was removed from it using an industrial vacuum cleaner (which in this example was snow). Using the hydraulic cylinder for positioning the hopper lid 10 (Fig. 3), the same industrial vacuum cleaner was used to clean the mesh filter (not shown) from the accumulation of residues (snow). After this, the hydraulic cylinder for lifting the hopper 26 (Fig. 3) and the hydraulic cylinder for positioning the position of the hopper cover 27 (Fig. 3) brought the proposed sweeper-vacuum machine with an electric drive to its original state (as in Fig. 1).

INFORMATION SOURCES:

1. Utility model patent of the Russian Federation No. 32115, IPC S25S 3/14, op. 09.10.2003, Bull. No. 25.

2. Electrically driven vacuum sweeper, www.ha.com/en/products/municipal-technology/multifunctional-outdoor-cleaning-machines/all-electric-sitymaster-1650-ze (Germany) (prototype).

3. Laser rangefinder ARTBUL 1000 m (Manufactured by ARTBUL, China, AliExpress)

4. GOST R 5266-2007 “General purpose automobile roads”, clause 4.5.17 kola.rosavtodor.gav.ru.

5. Universal laser beam photodetector, info@vseinstrumenti.ru.

6. Fan snow generator, http:/eco-snow.ru.

7. Bitsevsky forest, http:/sport.rambler.ru.

Claims (4)

1. An electrically driven sweeper-vacuum machine, characterized in that it is made in the form of a four-wheeled self-propelled vehicle consisting of an interconnected front, equipped with an electric front axle, and a rear, equipped with an electric rear axle, semi-frames, a driver’s cab with a control unit included color monitor, joystick and microprocessor of CortexA9+4M architecture with installed software for the on-board electronic control system of the sweeper-vacuum machine, a water storage device with a means of its forced supply to the estimate selection area through spray nozzles, an electro-hydraulic station, a hopper for receiving estimates with a hatch, docked with the hopper with a suction shaft and a flexible hose for moving the waste material, a draft stimulator, right and left tray brushes, a lithium-ion battery with means for ensuring its operation and distributing electricity, while the coupling is ensured by the articulation axis with the fixation bracket, the means of forced water supply is made in the form of an electric pump, and an electrically driven turbine is used as a thrust stimulator. 2. An electrically driven vacuum sweeper according to claim 1, characterized in that the bunker hatch for receiving waste is equipped with a lifting and lowering hydraulic cylinder. 3. An electrically driven vacuum sweeper according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste bin is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder to change its spatial position. 4. An electrically driven vacuum sweeper according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic actuating equipment is connected to the electro-hydraulic station via pipelines.

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