RU2213621C1 - Device for gravitational separation of fine grain materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: concentration of ores, noble metals, rare metals and non-ferrous metals. SUBSTANCE: proposed device includes taper bowl mounted for rotation around vertical axis with circular triangular channels on inner surface and false bottom and power supply unit which are immovably located inside bowl and pipe with nozzles for supply of water to each channel of bowl. Nozzles are mounted in parallel to inclined part of channels. False bottom is made in form of convex plate with twisting blades; height of said blades does not exceed 1/3 of plate diameter. Proposed device enhances efficiency of separation due to reduction of losses of extracted minerals and avoidance of pressing of mineral bed filling the grooves between circular channels on inner surface of trap. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of ore concentration by gravity methods, in particular, ores of rare, non-ferrous and noble metals, and can be used in devices for the separation of fine-grained materials.

 A number of devices are known for gravity dressing of ores and placers, such as depositing machines, screw separators, locks, concentration tables. In these devices, the separation of polymineral mixtures is based on the difference in the densities of the minerals contained in ores or technogenic products [Handbook of ore dressing. The main processes. M .: Nedra, 1983, p. 5-127].

 The disadvantage of these devices is the low efficiency in the enrichment of fine-grained materials.

 More efficient apparatuses for fine materials are plants where centrifugal forces are used, which are created by rotating a cone or spherical rotor with trapping ring rafts on its inner surface.

 The main disadvantage of traditional centrifugal concentrators is the rapid compaction of the mineral bed in the aromas, which requires frequent stops to unload the concentrate. Various options have been created for loosening the mineral bed in flavors: vibration of the rotor (separators of the pulp and paper mill of the Grant company); water supply under pressure from the outer surface of the rotor bowl through openings (firms "Knelson", "Falcon", "Itomak"); deformation of the rotor bowl (Polymetal company) [/ Kravtsov ED A New Type of Centrifugal Concentrator. Concentration of ores and sand, 2001, 3, p.31-33].

 All of these devices are complex in design, expensive, and require clean water.

 The closest known device to the proposed one is a device for the separation of fine-grained materials, including a conical bowl mounted with the possibility of rotation around a vertical axis with annular triangular arrivals on the inner surface and a false bottom, a power supply device, motionlessly located inside the pipe bowl with nozzles for supplying water in each of the cup bow [patent RF 2049561, 03 B 5/32, publ. 1995].

The main disadvantages of the known device:
- the introduction of washing water under pressure inside each gutter alternately in different directions leads to rapid wear of the guides themselves (nozzles) for water supply, since they are inside the sand bed; in addition, it is possible to block the nozzle holes (diameter 2.0-2.5 mm), supplying water “against” rotation, with the same sands; since the wash water is supplied alternately in different directions, there is a mutual damping of pulses and no significant increase in centrifugal forces, contributing to the capture of especially small particles, does not occur;
- the false bottom, made in the form of a disk, can not contribute to the unwinding of the source food, and its horizontal profile leads to a partial loss of concentrate on its surface during unloading of the heavy fraction.

 All this leads to an increase in losses of recoverable minerals and a decrease in the efficiency of separation of materials.

 The inventive device allows to eliminate these drawbacks while maintaining the conditions for creating a loosened mineral bed in arteries and, accordingly, to increase the degree of concentration and extraction of valuable components.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known device for separating fine-grained materials, including a conical bowl mounted with the possibility of rotation around a vertical axis with annular triangular curvatures on the inner surface and a false bottom, a power supply device, motionlessly located inside the pipe bowl with nozzles for feeding water in each of the bowls of the bowl, according to the claimed solution, the nozzles are installed parallel to the inclined part of the bowls, and the false bottom is made in the form convex plates with spinning blades, the height of which does not exceed 1/3 of the diameter of the plate.

 The essence of the invention is as follows.

 It was found that placing nozzles for supplying pressure of flushing and loosening water parallel to the inclined part of the arrays creates a vortex flow, which leads to loosening of the bed (creates a lock effect) and contributes to the most complete capture of particles of valuable components.

 In practice, it was confirmed that the implementation of a false bottom in the form of a convex plate provides complete unloading of the heavy fraction during rinsing (unloading), since sand flows more easily from a convex surface.

 Also, the maximum height of the blades was selected experimentally, not exceeding 1/3 of the diameter of the plate, which is necessary for faster unwinding of the pulp.

 The drawing shows a General view of a device for gravitational separation of fine-grained materials. The device includes a conical bowl 1 with annular flanges 2 on the inner surface, a device for supplying power through the central pipe 3, a device for unloading a light fraction made in the form of an annular groove 4, a collection of heavy fraction 5, a device for unloading a heavy fraction, which is a false bottom made in the form of a convex plate 6 with spinning blades 7, a hollow shaft 8, on which the bowl is mounted, and an electric motor 9, which rotates it. In addition, the device includes pipes for supplying flushing water 10, equipped with nozzles 11.

 The device operates as follows.

 The material to be enriched containing heavy and light mineral fractions is fed through a central feed pipe 3 to a conical bowl 1, rotating from an electric motor 9. Under the action of centrifugal forces arising from rotation, heavy particles and part of large light particles are discarded to the periphery of the bowl, where they are captured rifle 2. Light particles are carried out by a stream of pulp through the side of the bowl and enter the discharge device for light fractions, made in the form of an annular groove 4. False bottom 6, made in the form of convex the second plate with spinning blades 7, the maximum height of which does not exceed 1/3 of the height of the plate, discards the untwisted food to the walls of the bowl, preventing it from falling into the annular hole between the false bottom and the bowl. Loosening water from the central water pipes 10 through the nozzle 11 is supplied parallel to the inclined part of each yarn and when the bowl rotates, the mineral bed is loosened by a narrow stream of water that flows under pressure, contributing to washing sand in the yarn. After a certain period of time, the power is turned off, the electric motor 9 is turned off. When the speed of the bowl 1 decreases, the centrifugal force drops and under the action of the loosening water, the heavy fraction is washed out and unloaded through the annular hole between the inner surface of the bowl and the false bottom plate in the hollow shaft 9.

 Thus, the use of the claimed invention will improve the efficiency of separation of fine-grained materials and obtain high-quality commodity concentrates.

Claims (1)

 A device for separating fine-grained materials, including a conical bowl mounted with the possibility of rotation around a vertical axis with annular triangular flanges on the inner surface and a false bottom, a power supply device, tubes fixedly located inside the bowl with nozzles for supplying water to each of the cup flanges, characterized in that the nozzles are installed parallel to the inclined part of the arrays, and the false bottom is made in the form of a convex plate with spinning blades, the height of which does not exceed 1 / 3 plate diameters.