RU2208046C2 - Lubricating fluid concentrate - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: special-destination fluids. SUBSTANCE: composition intended for preparation of emulsions serving as lubricating fluids suited to operations of blade and abrasive treatment of a variety of types of cast irons, steels, and nonferrous metals as well as cutting of their alloys contains, wt %: petroleum sulfonate 12.0-16.0, naphtha soap 9.0-14.0, triethanolamine 2.0-6.0, water 2.0-6.0, oleic acid 2.0-6.0, polyoxyethylated alkylphenols 1.0-5.0, potassium hydroxide 0.05-1.5, bactericide additive no more than 5.0, and mineral oil to 100%. EFFECT: increased stability at low temperatures and reduced specific consumption of grease. 3 cl, 1 tbl, 35 ex

Description

 The invention relates to compositions for the preparation of emulsions of cutting fluids (coolant), which can be used in the field of mechanical engineering, machine tool industry, mainly in the operations of blade and abrasive processing of various types of cast irons, steels, non-ferrous metals and their alloys by cutting, etc.

 A known concentrate of cutting fluid for casting non-ferrous alloys under pressure (RU 2029651 C1, B 22 C 3/00, 1995), containing components in the following ratio, wt.%: Mineral oil 33.0-35.0; oleic acid 10.0-14.0, triethanolamine 6.5-8.0; thiourea 2.0-2.5; bactericide (catapine) 2.0-2.5; polyoxyethylated alkyl phenols 9.0-10.0; polysiloxane liquid 1.0-1.4; alkali metal soaps of synthetic fatty acids 2.0-2.5; water - up to 100.

 The well-known coolant concentrate is used mainly in the production of castings from magnesium and aluminum alloys, has a narrow field of use and is not effective enough when processing metals by cutting.

The closest in composition to the claimed is a concentrate of cutting fluid for machining metals (RU 2119534 C1, C 10 M 173/00, publ. 09/27/98, bull. 27), containing, wt.%:
The product of interaction in the environment of mineral oil and glycol alkanolamine with oleic acid or its mixture with vegetable oil - 45.0-66.0
Polyoxyethylated alkyl phenol with 4-6 hydroxyethyl groups (neonol AF 9-4-6) - 3.0-6.0
Phenylcarbinol or - 3.0-6.0
Petroleum sulfonate - 6.0-12.0
Boric acid - 5.0-9.0
Water - Up to 100
The known composition allows to obtain high surface quality when grinding bearings (roughness is 0.21-0.24 microns), however, it has a high coolant consumption in relation to the processed materials, a sufficiently high cost due to the use of a high concentration of expensive bactericidal boric acid.

The objective of the invention is to create a composition of cutting fluid with improved characteristics, namely increasing the stability of the emulsion when used and the stability of the coolant at low temperatures (minus 20 ^o C).

 The second objective of the invention is to reduce the consumption of concentrate by creating the optimal ratio of coolant components.

The objective of the invention is achieved in that the concentrate cutting fluid contains components in the following ratio, wt.%:
Petroleum sulfonate - 12.0-16.0
Mylonaft - 9.0-14.0
Triethanolamine - 2.0-6.0
Water - 2.0-6.0
Oleic acid - 2.0-6.0
Polyoxyethylene alkyl phenols - 1.0-5.0
Potassium hydroxide - 0.05-1.5
Bactericidal additive - Not more than 5.0
Mineral oil - Up to 100
in this case, as a bactericidal additive, a compound from the series is used: complexon, benzotriazole, catapine, phenylcarbinol, carbamol.

 At least one of the following is used as mineral oil: industrial, transformer, compressor.

 For the preparation of the claimed coolant concentrate, any reagents known and produced by the domestic industry can be used, such as polyoxyethylated alkyl phenols with 6-12 hydroxyethyl groups; Mylonaphth (sodium or potassium naphthenate); oleic acid; triethanolamine; petroleum sulfonate - sodium sulfonate or calcium sulfonate; potassium hydroxide in the form of a 15-25% aqueous solution.

The coolant concentrate is obtained in the reactor by ordinary mixing of the components at a temperature not exceeding 80 ^o C. Then the finished composition is cooled and drained.

The compositions of the coolant concentrate are presented in the table. The table also summarizes the test results of the physicochemical properties of the proposed and known coolant — stability of a 1% and 3% emulsion prepared on the basis of hard water concentrate, biostability of a 1% emulsion, stability of a concentrate at low temperatures (minus 20 ^o C). Tests were carried out according to GOST 6243-75 (Emulsols and pastes. Test methods) and GOST 9.085-78 (Lubricating and cooling fluids. Test methods and biostability).

Examples of compositions 1-3, 6-8, 11-13, 16-18, 21-23, 26-28, 31-33 correspond to the claimed ratio of the components. These compositions are characterized by high stability of 1% and 3% emulsion and the stability of the concentrate at low temperatures (minus 20 ^o C). Examples of compositions 4, 5, 9, 10, 14, 15, 19, 20, 24, 25, 29, 30, 34, 35 do not correspond to the claimed ratio of the components. They have poor stability of the 1% emulsion and instability of the concentrate at minus 20 ^o C. The table shows an example of a prototype, the emulsion of which is stable only at 3% concentration and the concentrate is not stable at minus 20 ^o C. Biostability of 1% emulsion of the claimed composition is equivalent to the biostability of a 3% emulsion of the coolant composition according to the prototype. Thus, we can conclude that the creation of an optimal ratio of components helps to reduce the consumption of concentrate during use.

The obtained concentrate in the delivery state is a homogeneous brown liquid with a specific odor that does not irritate the respiratory tract, with a kinematic viscosity at 50 ^o C in the range of 30-85 mm ² / s and stable at a temperature of minus 20 ^o C.

 The industry uses coolant in the form of a 1-10% aqueous emulsion for blade and abrasive operations of ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys. In some metalworking operations (deep drilling, threading), 50-100% concentrate can be used instead of the known oily coolants.

 The listed properties of the coolant concentrate allow it to be used in blade and abrasive machining operations of ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys in the field of machine and machine tools, in particular when machining gray cast iron SCh-18 by cutting.

 Production tests of a 1% emulsion, as the most economically feasible, were carried out on the operation of drilling a part 31029-1702024 - a shift fork, material steel 30, HB = 113..207 and on the operation of polishing a part 53-3556060 - a rod of steel 40, HB = 197.241.

 Currently, the coolant has been tested in the Technical Department of metal coatings and anticorrosive protection of the Technological Department of GAZ OJSC for the purpose of possible application for impregnation of phosphate coatings. Tests have shown that coolant has a high protective ability when machining parts made of 08kp and 65G steel that have been phosphated in a solution of KFE-1 concentrate. This indicates the expansion of possible areas of use of the declared coolant.

 Thus, the claimed coolant concentrate allows you to get the composition of emulsol, which is a balanced composition of mineral oil, an emulsifier inhibitor, emulsifiers with antiwear and extreme pressure properties of the components. The use of coolant allows to increase tool life due to reduced wear of the blade tool and salting of abrasive; 20-60% boost cutting conditions; 10-50% increase labor productivity, reduce energy consumption during machining, reduce frictional heating and temperature in the cutting zone, as well as friction.

Additional benefits when using the inventive composition of the coolant concentrate:
1. Improving the quality of surface treatment;
2. The concentrate is an environmentally friendly product, does not change its operational characteristics to minus 20 ^o C;
3. The appropriate use of the capabilities of modern automated equipment;
4. The use of affordable domestic raw materials in the production of coolant concentrate.

Claims (2)

1. Concentrate of cutting fluid, including triethanolamine, oleic acid, a bactericidal additive, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenols, mineral oil, petroleum sulfonate and water, characterized in that it additionally contains potassium hydroxide and soap on the following components, wt.%:
Petroleum sulfonate - 12.0-16.0
Mylonaft - 9.0-14.0
Triethanolamine - 2.0-6.0
Water - 2.0-6.0
Oleic acid - 2.0-6.0
Polyoxyethylene alkyl phenols - 1.0-5.0
Potassium Hydroxide - 0.05-1.5
Bactericidal additive - Not more than 5.0
Mineral oil - Up to 100
2. The concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that as a bactericidal additive, a compound from the series is used: complexon, benzotriazole, catapine, phenylcarbinol, carbamol.  3. The concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that as a mineral oil using oils from a number of: industrial, transformer, compressor.

Images