RU2299235C2 - Lubricant-cooling liquid concentrate for mechanical treatment of metals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: special technical liquids.

SUBSTANCE: invention proposes concentrate of lubricant-cooling liquid containing the following components, wt.-%: tall oil or tall oil acids, 22-50; alkanolamine, 8-30; water, 10-52; alcohol or glycol or their esters, 5-10, and alkylsulfonate or alkylbenzenesulfonate, 3-6. The concentrate shows the enhanced stability in hard water and enhanced degree of purity of articles and metal-working tools to be treated. Invention can be used in mechanical metals working by cutting and pressure.

EFFECT: improved and valuable technical properties of concentrate.

2 tbl, 1 dwg, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to lubricants, in particular cutting fluids (coolant), and can be used in the machining of metals by cutting and pressure.

As you know, water emulsions from emulsols or solutions of inorganic electrolytes and surfactants are currently used for these purposes [1-3]. Examples of such products are E, EGT, NGL-205, Ukrinol-1, EMUS, etc. ), mineral oil and stabilizer - alcohol and water. In particular, emulsion E (E-1, E-2, E-3) contain naphthenic acids of oil asidole - 7-12%, sodium hydroxide - 0.7-1.3%, ethyl alcohol or ethylene glycol - 1.5-2.0%, water - 4 -6%, mineral oil - up to 100% [2]. Similar to EMUS: mineral oil with the addition of petroleum sulfonates and antiwear additives [3]. Further, at the place of use, such concentrates are diluted with water (usually in a ratio of 1:50 to 1:10) to form milky emulsions used to lubricate and cool the cutting (stamped) tool and processed products.

These emulsions, although they have the necessary lubricating and cooling properties, have a significant drawback - coarse particle dispersion and, as a consequence, insufficient stability, especially in hard water, which negatively affects the performance and quality of metal processing (emulsions and solutions based on alkaline (K , Na-) salts of acids also have an undesirable increased foaming here).

The purpose of this proposal is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages of known coolants and give them higher target efficiency - to increase the durability of the metalworking tool and the class of surface cleanliness of products.

The goal is achieved in that the coolant concentrate according to the invention includes tall oil or tall oil acids, alkanolamine, water, alcohol or glycol or their esters, alkyl sulfonate or alkyl benzene sulfonate in the following ratio, wt.%:

Tall oil or tall oil acids 22-50 Alkanolamine, in particular di- or triethanolamine 8-30 Water 10-52 Alcohol or glycol or their esters 5-10 Alkyl sulfonate or alkyl benzene sulfonate 3-6

The claimed qualitative and quantitative composition of the coolant allows to obtain finely dispersed colloidal solutions resistant to hard water.

Examples of the proposal

For this purpose, the following coolant concentrates were prepared, wt.%:

Concentrate 1 (K-1) - Distilled tall oil (a mixture of fatty, resin acids, unsaponifiable substances) 22.0 Diethanolamine 14.6 Water 51.1 Diethylene glycol 7.3 Alkane (C ₁₁ -C ₁₃ ) Sulfonate (Volgonate, 70%) 3.6 Trilon B 1.4   one hundred% Concentrate 2 (K-2) - Light tall oil 25.3 Butyl cellosolve (ethylene glycol monobutyl ether) 9.5 Diethanolamine 10.1 Water 50.6 Alkyl (C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ ) Benzene Sulfonate (Sulfanol) 3.2 Trilon B 1.3   one hundred% Concentrate 3 (K-3) - Distilled Tallic Acids 46.5 Triethanolamine 30.0 Ethnl (butyl) cellosolve 5.8 Alkanesulfonate (Volgonate 60%) 5.8 Water 11.9   one hundred%

In addition to the above components, these concentrates, if necessary, may also contain small additives from the number of complexones, corrosion inhibitors, bactericides, fragrances, etc. Moreover, light, distilled oils, as well as distilled tall acids with an acid number of 70-190 mgKOH / g are suitable as tall oil.

Coolant concentrates were prepared by mixing the components in the amounts and sequences indicated in the examples at a temperature of 70-80 ° C (at the saponification stage, 40-50 min) until a homogeneous mixture was obtained. When diluted with water by 10-50 times (although in some cases, for example, during cold rolling of metals or in certain conditions of cutting treatment, concentrates can be used as such), they form light yellow colloidal solutions.

Comparative analysis of variance (average particle size in microns) of diluted solutions based on concentrates 1-3, as well as emulsions E-2 and Ukrinol-1, performed using microscopy (MBS-10 microscope with a Goryaev-Tom camera), showed (drawing) that more than 70% of the particles of the first 1-10 microns, while the second (60% of particles) - 20-50 microns.

Correspondingly, their stability in hard water (tests were carried out according to GOST 6243, item 3 on water of artificial hardness 20 ° dH according to the German scale containing 600 mg / l MgSO ₄ and 124 mg / l CaCl ₂ ). See table 1, from which the obvious advantages of the proposed coolant solutions are visible.

Table 1
Stability of proposed and known coolants in hard water Coolant (3% aqueous solution), water 20 ° dH The volume of oil compartments is “cream”, cm ³ , at τ, min. 0 thirty 1440 (days) Based on Concentrate 1 0 0 3 ("cream") Concentrate 2 0 0 2 ("cream") Concentrate 3 0 2 ("cream") 4 ("cream") Emulsol E-2 3 ("cream") 5 (oil) 6 (oil) Emulsola Ukrinol-1 0 2 ("cream") 3 (oil)

Technological (machine-tool) tests of the coolant efficiency were carried out when turning and drilling aluminum alloys AMC and AL-9 (cutting speed 360 m / min, feed 0.1 mm / rev; drill rotation speed 1000 rpm, drilling depth 35 mm) - Table 2 : indicators of tool durability and purity of processing with the proposed coolant solutions are 1.5-2 times higher than that of known products - evidence that smaller particles of solution substances penetrate better into the contact zone of the tool - the workpiece.

table 2
Technological properties (efficiency) of the proposed and known coolants in metal processing Coolant (3% aqueous solution) AMC alloy turning Drilling Al-9 Alloy Surface cleanliness class The resistance of the drill (number of holes. To the control tool wear, pcs) Based on concentrate 1 5 40 Concentrate 2 5 34 Emulsol E-2 four 22 Emulsola Ukr.-1 four 27

Thus, according to the totality of the presented results, the effectiveness of the proposed coolant compositions is higher than the known ones, which was achieved by a new, specific combination and composition of components.

Information sources

1. NN Kurchik et al., Lubricants for metal cutting, ed. "Chemistry", M., 1972, S. 130-155.

2. Commodity petroleum products: Properties and applications. Handbook, ed. "Chemistry", M., 1972. S. 346-354.

3. Surface phenomena and surfactants (handbook), ed. A.A. Abramzon and E. D. Shchukin, L., "Chemistry", 1984.

Claims (1)

Cutting fluid concentrate for machining metals, including tall oil or tall oil acids, alkanolamine, water, alcohol or glycol or their esters, alkyl sulfonate or alkyl benzene sulfonate in the following ratio, wt.%: Tall oil or tall oil acids 22-50 Alkanolamine 8-30 Water 10-52 Alcohol or glycol or their esters 5-10 Alkyl sulfonate or alkyl benzene sulfonate 3-6