RU220791U1 - DEVICE FOR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF DOMESTIC WASTEWATER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to technical means for the biological treatment of household wastewater and can be used both in individual households and in groups of houses and cottages in conditions where there is no possibility of connecting to a central sewerage system. The device includes an inlet pipe, a cylindrical body with a neck with holes for air intake and a cover, and an outlet pipe. The housing is internally divided by partitions into four chambers: a receiving chamber, an aeration chamber with a bioreactor, a settling chamber, and a clarification chamber. The chambers are connected to each other by overflow holes. The overflow hole from the receiving chamber to the aeration chamber is equipped with a cut-off for debris. A circulation pump is installed in the clarification chamber. The overflow hole from the settling chamber to the clarification chamber is equipped with a flow stabilizer. Inside the neck there is a sealed compartment with the possibility of placing a circulation pump control unit in it. In the lower part of the sealed compartment there is a pipe connected by an air line to a Venturi tube, connected to a circulation pump by a pressure line, and through a water-air line to a receiving chamber and an aeration chamber. Technical result: improving the quality of domestic wastewater treatment. 1 salary f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to technical means for the biological treatment of household wastewater and can be used both in individual households, individual buildings, country houses, dachas, and in groups of houses and cottages in conditions where there is no possibility of connecting to a central sewerage system.

A station for deep biochemical treatment of household wastewater is known from the prior art (utility model patent RU 130603 U1, published on July 27, 2013), which includes a wastewater inlet pipe, a plastic housing with a lid, in which a three-section settling tank is located, including includes the first, second and third chambers, separated by vertical walls with holes for wastewater overflow, a circulation pump located in the third chamber, a bioreactor for wastewater oxidation, located above a three-section settling tank, while the pressure pipe of the circulation pump is connected to the bioreactor, and in At the bottom of the bioreactor there are holes for purified water to enter a three-section settling tank, while the third chamber has a pipe for the outlet of purified water, characterized by the fact that the station for deep biological treatment of household wastewater additionally includes a sealed module for placing electrical elements and components attached to the wall of the plastic housing that the housing cover has a rigid suspension for mounting the circulation pump.

Also known from the prior art is a biological treatment station for domestic wastewater (utility model patent RU 166595 U1, published on December 10, 2016), which contains a closed settling tank with inlet and outlet pipes. The settling tank is divided by partitions into three chambers: first, second and third. The settling tank chambers are made with holes through which wastewater flows. A bioreactor with loading for post-treatment is rigidly fixed to a three-chamber settling tank. At the bottom of the third chamber there is a drainage pump with a timer. In this case, the pressure pipe of the pump is connected via a flexible hose to a disk atomizer located in the bioreactor above the load. On the part of the bottom of the bioreactor located above the first chamber of the settling tank, there are holes with the ability to supply water only to the first chamber.

The closest technical solution is a domestic wastewater treatment plant (utility model patent RU 198098 U1, published on June 17, 2020), located in a housing divided internally by partitions into four chambers, the chambers are interconnected by overflow holes, and the overflow hole from the receiving chamber to the aeration chamber and the overflow hole from the aeration chamber to the chamber with the bioreactor are equipped with a waste trap; the overflow hole from the chamber with the bioreactor into the settling chamber is equipped with both a waste trap and a damper; the receiving chamber contains a supply pipe; the aeration chamber contains a dedicated quiet zone (sludge stabilization zone), the chamber with a bioreactor contains a submersible pump operating according to timer signals, in conjunction with ejector aerators and aerator nozzles, a submersible bioreactor; The settling chamber contains an inclined cut-off and a discharge pipe.

The disadvantage of the above-described technical solutions is the insufficient degree of purification of household wastewater.

The problem to be solved by the claimed utility model is the development of a device for the biological treatment of household wastewater for a long period of operation with maximum strength characteristics.

This problem is solved due to the fact that a device for biological treatment of domestic wastewater with pressure, water-air and air lines includes an inlet pipe, a cylindrical body with a neck with holes for air intake and a lid, and an outlet pipe, while the body is divided inside partitions into four chambers: a receiving chamber, an aeration chamber with a bioreactor, a settling chamber and a clarification chamber, the chambers are interconnected by overflow holes, and the overflow hole from the receiving chamber to the aeration chamber is equipped with a cut-off for large debris, and the overflow hole from the settling chamber to the clarification chamber equipped with a flow stabilizer, a circulation pump is installed in the clarification chamber, inside the neck there is a sealed compartment in which the circulation pump control unit is located, in the lower part of the sealed compartment there is a pipe connected by an air line to a Venturi tube.

The technical result is to improve the quality of domestic wastewater treatment.

The technical result is achieved due to the presence of a Venturi tube in the water-air line, where ejection occurs - the process of mixing two media (water and air). In this case, the aqueous medium is under pressure and, through a pipe in the central part of the Venturi tube, carries along the air medium. This unit begins to work as an ejector. Clean air is sucked in through the air intake holes, mixed with the water-sludge mixture and then flows through the pipeline into the chambers of the device. Due to this, intensive and high-quality saturation of wastewater with oxygen occurs, which has a beneficial effect on the biological processes inside the device.

The functional diagram of the device is shown in Fig. 1, on which the following items are marked:

I - Receiving chamber,

II - Aeration chamber,

III - Settling chamber,

IV - Clarification chamber,

1 - Device body,

2 - Neck of the device,

3 - Device cover,

4 - Control unit with timer and sockets,

5 - Air intake hole,

6 - Venturi tube,

7 - Supply pipe,

8 - Outlet pipe,

9 - Circulation pump,

10 - Bioreactor,

11 - Lugs,

12 - Flow stabilizer,

13 - Pressure line,

14 - Water-air main,

15 - Air line,

16 - Cut-off for large debris,

17 - Overflow holes.

A device for biological treatment of household wastewater includes a wastewater inlet pipe 7, a cylindrical body 1 with a neck 2 and a cover 3, and an outlet pipe 8. The neck 2 has holes 5 for intake of clean air. The device body is internally divided into four chambers: receiving chamber I, aeration chamber II, settling chamber III and clarification chamber IV. The chambers are connected to each other by overflow holes 17, while the overflow hole from the receiving chamber I to the aeration chamber II is equipped with a cutoff 16 for large debris, and the overflow hole from the settling chamber III to the clarification chamber IV is equipped with a flow damper 12. A circulation pump is installed in the clarification chamber IV 9, power and signals to which are supplied from the timer through a block with sockets 4. The block with a timer and sockets 4 is located in a sealed compartment welded inside the neck 2 at the same level as its upper edges. A pipe is installed in the lower part of the compartment, connected by an air line 15 to a Venturi tube 6. The device is equipped with a pressure 13, water-air 14 and air 15 lines. In aeration chamber II there is a submersible bioreactor 10, which is a cellular cross-flow purification module. The bottom of the device has a base protruding beyond the dimensions of the body, which performs the function of a lug 11, having the shape of an octagon, reinforced with stiffening ribs on body height.

The cylindrical body of the device for biological treatment of household wastewater is internally divided by partitions into four chambers, each of which has its own functional significance in the wastewater treatment system.

Receiving chamber I receives a volley discharge of wastewater and averages it in composition. Primary oxidation of activated sludge with oxygen and splitting of large fractions occurs due to the supply of a water-sludge mixture from a circulation pump at a given interval.

Inside the aeration chamber II there is a bioreactor. In this chamber, secondary oxidation with oxygen of activated sludge occurs, which forms on the walls of the bioreactor and uses biogenic contaminants as a nutrient substrate.

Settling chamber III is designed for settling the water-sludge mixture. Dead sludge, passing through the chamber, settles at the bottom, as it becomes heavier than active sludge. It accumulates at the bottom of the chamber and does not contribute to the processes of secondary pollution, wandering through the compartments of the device, disrupting the life processes of the biocenosis.

Clarification chamber IV is designed for gravitational separation of water and activated sludge. Inside the chamber at the bottom there is a circulation pump. Activated sludge, under the influence of gravity, settles to the bottom of the chamber, where it is transported from the circulation pump at a given interval along the highway to the receiving chamber and the aeration chamber. This ensures the circulation of activated sludge and saturation of oxygen throughout the entire device, even in the absence of wastewater inflow.

The circulation pump supplies liquid through the pressure line 13 to the Venturi tube 6, in which the liquid is mixed with clean air through the air intake holes 5 and, passing through the air filter (not indicated in the diagram), enters the air line 15 and then along the water-air line line 14, the liquid with air enters the receiving chamber I, triggering the primary oxidation of wastewater and into the aeration chamber II, which contains a bioreactor 10, which allows contact of the treated wastewater with attached microflora (colonies of various microorganisms using biogenic pollutants as a nutrient substrate) . Attached microflora (biocenosis) is cultivated on numerous walls of the bioreactor 10.

The body of device 1, which has one vertical weld, is made primarily of polypropylene with a thickness of 7-18 mm, made by butt welding on a welding machine. The seam made using this method is the strongest compared to other methods and completely eliminates the influence of the human factor on the quality of the work performed. The connection of the bottom, the upper overlap of the device with the body 1 and the neck 2 is a welded joint. The outer seam is made using a hand extruder, and the inner seam is made using a welding gun. The bottom of the device has predominantly an octagon protruding beyond the dimensions of the body, reinforced with stiffening ribs on height of the body from the bottom of the device, performing the function of a lug 11. This technical solution is designed to prevent the device from floating up in conditions of high groundwater levels. The neck of the device 2 with a lid 3 is attached to the upper overlap of the device using extruder welding. The upper part of the neck 2 and the lid 3 are green or malachite in color, made mainly of polypropylene 7-13 mm thick with UV stabilization additives, preventing color fading in the sun. Neck 2 serves for access to the internal chambers during visual inspection or during service. A sealed compartment made of polypropylene is welded inside it at one level with the upper edges of neck 2. A block with a timer and sockets 4 is placed in this compartment. A pipe connected by an air line 15 to a Venturi tube 6 is installed in the lower part of the compartment.

Turning on and off the circulation pump 9, located in the clarification chamber IV, occurs at a given interval from the timer (not indicated in the diagram), ensuring alternation of aerobic and anaerobic processes. From the circulation pump 9, the liquid through the pressure line 13 is mixed with air in the Venturi tube 6. The supplied air through the water-air line 14 through a tee enters the receiving chamber I and the aeration chamber II under the biofilter. The air promotes the development and vital activity of the biocenosis in the bioreactor 10 and prevents the sludge sediment from rotting in the receiving chamber I, starting the primary purification processes. And the circulation of activated sludge supports the vital activity of bacteria in the absence of wastewater. All components and parts of the device are made of corrosion-resistant materials. Maintenance and control of the installation is carried out through cover 3 installed in the upper part of housing 1, which provides access to all cameras and equipment.

There is a variant of the utility model in which the bioreactor is a polymer load that allows for the filtration of large volumes of wastewater. Biomass from bacterial colonies grows on the load and receives the necessary nutrient medium from wastewater, breaking down organic compounds.

The biological treatment device for domestic wastewater operates as follows.

Wastewater through the supply pipe 7 in the body of the device 1 enters the receiving chamber I, where the primary oxidation of activated sludge with oxygen and the splitting of large fractions occurs due to the supply of a water-sludge mixture from the circulation pump 9. The supply interval is regulated by a control unit with a timer and sockets 4. Wastewater, passing through the overflow holes 17 in the partitions of the device, has a relatively low speed and passes through all compartments of the device: receiving chamber I, aeration chamber II, settling chamber III, clarification chamber IV. In this case, in front of the overflow holes from the receiving chamber I to the aeration chamber II, a cutoff for large debris 16 is installed, retaining it. The overflow hole of the settling chamber III into the clarification chamber IV is equipped with a flow stabilizer 12, which helps reduce the flow rate.

Oxygen is sucked through the air intake holes 5, passing through the air filter (not indicated on the diagram) and enters the air line 15. Next, in the Venturi tube 6, the air is mixed with the water-silt mixture, and through the water-air line 14 it enters through a tee into the receiving area chamber I and aeration chamber II, ensuring the stability and vital activity of activated sludge. In addition, at the bottom of the receiving chamber I and the aeration chamber II, mixing occurs, preventing the sediment from rotting. The aeration chamber II contains a submersible bioreactor 10, which is a cellular cross-flow purification module. Attached microflora (biocenosis) is cultivated and multiplied on its walls. Attached microflora uses biogenic pollutants as a nutrient substrate. Turning on and off the circulation pump 9 ensures alternation of aerobic and anaerobic processes. The liquid through pressure line 13 is mixed with air and enters the receiving chamber, and the circulation of activated sludge supports the life of the biocenosis in the absence of wastewater. The purified water is discharged by gravity through the outlet pipe 8. All components and parts of the device are made of corrosion-resistant materials.

Thus, the claimed device makes it possible to increase the degree of purification of domestic wastewater.

Claims (2)

1. A device for biological treatment of household wastewater with pressure, water-air and air lines, including an inlet pipe, a cylindrical body with a neck with holes for air intake and a lid, and an outlet pipe, while the body inside is divided by partitions into four chambers : a receiving chamber, an aeration chamber with a bioreactor, a settling chamber, the chambers are interconnected by overflow holes, and the overflow hole from the receiving chamber to the aeration chamber is equipped with a cutoff for debris, characterized in that the fourth chamber is a clarification chamber with a circulation pump installed in it, in this case, the overflow hole from the settling chamber to the clarification chamber is equipped with a flow stabilizer, inside the neck there is a sealed compartment with the possibility of placing a circulation pump control unit in it, in the lower part of the sealed compartment there is a pipe connected by an air line to a Venturi tube connected to the circulation pump by a pressure line , and through the water-air main - with a receiving chamber and an aeration chamber. 2. A device for biological treatment of household wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the housing has a base protruding beyond the dimensions of the housing, which acts as a lug, having the shape of an octagon, reinforced with stiffening ribs at 1/4 of the height of the housing.