RU2207224C2 - Apparatus for working annular variable-profile grooves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacturing processes in machine engineering, apparatuses for working by means of disc tool such as disc milling cutter or grinding disc. SUBSTANCE: apparatus includes housing with spindle. Flange and piston are mounted on spindle in such a way that they are in contact with tool and are turned one to another by their end faces. Flange is mounted stationary and piston is mounted with possibility of axial motion in mechanism for axial motion. Tool is in the form of disc milling cutter with height equal to minimum width of annular groove and it has radial slit. One of two ends of disc milling cutter formed by said radial slit is secured to end of flange; its other end is secured to end of piston with possibility of forming turn of screw peripheral cutting surface due to separating ends of disc milling cutter until value equal to maximum width of annular groove. EFFECT: enlarged manufacturing possibilities, enhanced quality and increased efficiency of tool. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mechanical engineering technology, in particular to methods and devices for processing annular grooves of variable profile with a disk tool, for example, a disk cutter, grinding wheel, etc.

 A device for abrasive processing with an elastic tool is known. comprising a housing with a spindle, on which two flanges are turned in contact with the tool ends, one of which is fixedly mounted, and the second is mounted axially movable, as well as an axial movement mechanism of the movable flange, wherein said flange ends are mounted made wavy, in addition, the protrusions of one flange are located against the depressions of the other flange [1].

 A disadvantage of the known device is the narrow specialization and the inability to use other types of tools, which limits the scope.

 Known drive grinding wheel for processing annular grooves of variable profile [2]. The drive contains a faceplate mounted with the possibility of oscillation on the neck of the drive shaft with a grinding wheel located on it. The faceplate interacts with its oscillation mechanism with a change in the angle of inclination of the grinding wheel to the plane of rotation. The mechanism includes plungers installed with the possibility of axial reciprocating movement in a fixed disk, having rollers in contact with one end face of the faceplate, and balls rolling on the surface of the profile cam.

 The latter is located at the end of the drive pulley, which receives rotation from the workpiece through a gear belt drive. The disk and the drive pulley are located on a fixed shaft, which is mounted on a rack coaxially to the drive shaft of the faceplate interacting with the inner spherical surface of the drive shaft washer. The gear belt drive of the mechanical cam drive has a quick-detachable pulley that is mounted on the workpiece with the number of teeth and an outer diameter half that of the drive pulley.

 The disadvantage is the design and manufacture of the wheel drive, especially the spherical washer, neck, profile end cam and plungers, as well as the high wear of many mating parts due to the large inertial forces, since to achieve a normal cutting speed when grinding the wheel, it is necessary to report a high speed .

 A special tool holder is known for implementing the method of milling grooves of shaped profiles [3], in which the cutter is incised to the required depth of the groove, after which the workpiece is rotated, and the workpiece rotates and the mill moves in a plane passing through the axis of rotation of the workpiece and tool, agreed, while the largest swing angle of the cutter for half a turn of the workpiece is determined by the above formula.

 The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of the manufacture and implementation of the method, requiring large labor and cash costs.

 The claimed invention solves the problem of processing annular grooves of variable profile, reducing the cost of technological preparation of production, expanding technological capabilities and improving quality and productivity.

 This is achieved using the proposed device for processing annular grooves of a variable profile, comprising a housing with a spindle, on which are installed a flange and a piston facing each other in contact with the tool, the flange being fixed motionless, and the piston mounted for axial movement, and also the mechanism of axial movement of the piston, while a disk mill is taken as a tool, equal to the minimum width of the groove, cut along the radius, which is attached the formed ends to the ends of the flange and piston with the possibility of obtaining a coil of a helical peripheral cutting surface by diluting the ends to the maximum width of the groove.

 In FIG. 1 shows the design of the proposed device; figure 2 - the working position of the tool, the ends of which are maximally diluted; in FIG. 3 - initial position of the tool.

 The device comprises a spindle 1, which is mounted with the possibility of rotation in the housing 4 using bearings 2 and 3. To rotate the spindle, a pulley 5 is used, connected by an endless belt 6 to the pulley 7 of the drive motor 8, mounted, for example, on the housing 4.

On the spindle 1 between the flange 9, fixed with a key and nuts 10, and the axial displacement mechanism 11, a tool is fixed at one end - a disk mill 12. A disk mill 12 is taken with a height B _min equal to the minimum width of the groove being machined and cut along the radius with the possibility of breeding the formed ends.

 One end of the cutter 12 is mounted, for example, by a screw 13 to the end of the flange 9, while the second end of the cutter 12 is influenced by a spring 14 located in the cup 15 mounted on the flange 9.

 On the spindle 1 between the tool 12 and the housing 4 is mounted an axial movement mechanism 11 with a movable element - a piston 16, to which the second end of the cutter 12 is attached.

 The mechanism 11 of the axial movement can be made in the form of a power cylinder connected to a clutch 17 mounted on the non-working end of the spindle. The coupling 17 in this case is connected to a source of pressure of the working medium, for example, with a hydraulic power station or a pneumatic network.

When the device is operating from engine 8, spindle 1 rotates together with flange 9, piston 16 and tool 12, which processes the groove 18 of the part 19 with a peripheral working cutting surface, with a width of B _min equal to the height of the undiluted disk mill, and B _max equal to the height of the diluted disk cutters.

The method of milling annular grooves of variable profile by the proposed device is as follows. Cutting of the cutter to the required depth of the groove is carried out, and the cutter with undiluted ends has a height B _min (Fig. 3). Then, the movement of rotation of the workpiece is coordinated with the dilution of the ends of the cutter, so that for half a turn of the workpiece, the ends of the cutter smoothly move apart to the value B _{max of the} maximum width of the groove (Fig. 2). Over the next half-turn of the workpiece, the ends of the cutter smoothly aligned, occupying the initial position (figure 3).

 To process the annular grooves of a variable profile, a deformation of the tool is created by expanding its ends due to the spring 15 and combining them by actuating the axial displacement mechanism 11.

 Compared with a conventional milling cutter operating according to the profile cutting scheme, the proposed tool, a disk milling cutter with extended ends, has a helical peripheral cutting surface and additionally removes the allowance with side edges in the form of narrow layers normal to the machined bottom surface of the groove. This cutting scheme is called sequential or generator [4].

 The generator circuit is designed to process blanks after forging or stamping, having a crust on the surface.

 In the proposed device, the cutter provides a greater thickness and a smaller width of the cut, which intensifies the process, increases the processing productivity and tool life, while not requiring pre-treatment of the workpiece and allows you to mill on the crust.

A milling cutter with a helical cutting surface has a lower height B _min compared to a traditional one and saves tool consumption.

 The proposed device allows the use of a standard tool - a milling cutter that requires minimal finishing before operation.

 In addition, the existing ability to adjust the tool across the width of the machined groove allows you to reduce the number of passes and processing time.

 Thus, when using the proposed device, technological capabilities are expanded by providing extension of the ends of the cutter, installing the peripheral cutting part of the cutter in the form of a coil of a helical surface, adjusting its pitch and the possibility of processing annular grooves of a variable profile, and also by increasing the axial rigidity of the tool when it is helical deformation, which allows to increase the cutting force and modes, and consequently, the processing performance, while reducing tool consumption.

Sources of information
1. Auto USSR 1038194, MKI V 24 V 19/02. Device for abrasive processing with an elastic tool / V.M. Migunov et al. Application 3412463 / 25-08, decl. 03/26/82, publ. 08/30/83. Bull. 32 is a prototype.

 2. RF patent 2121423, MKI B 24 V 47/00, 19/02. Grinding wheel drive / Stepanov Yu.S., Afanasyev B.I., Goncharov I.I. Application 97122188/02, declared 12/30/97, publ. 11/10/98. Bull. 31 - analogue.

 3. RF patent 2089352, MKI B 23 C 3/00. Milling method / Stepanov Yu. S., Afanasyev B.I., Burnashev M.A. Application 95109001/02, declared 05/30/95, publ. 09/10/97. Bull. 25.

 4. Rodin P.R. Metal-cutting tools: Textbook for high schools. - 3rd ed. rel. and additional - Kiev .: Vishka school. Head Publishing House. 1986. S. 218-219.

Claims (1)

 A device for processing annular grooves of variable profile, comprising a housing with a spindle, on which a flange and a piston facing each other are installed, which are in contact with the tool, the flange is fixedly mounted, and the piston is mounted for axial movement in an axial movement mechanism, characterized in that the tool is made in the form of a disk cutter with a height equal to the minimum width of the annular groove, and with a cut along the radius, while one of the two ends of the disk cutter formed seemed cut, attached to the end flange and the other - to the end face of the piston to obtain the helical winding peripheral surface by the cutting ends dilution disk cutter to a value of the maximum width of the annular groove.

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