RU220578U1 - MILKING UNIT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular to devices for the mechanization of livestock farming, and can be used for milking cows. The purpose of the utility model is to ensure the rational use of working time by the operator of machine milking of cows by remotely informing about the completion of the machine milking process and to increase the reliability of the operation of the milking unit. To achieve this, the pneumatic clamp contains a pressure sensor connected to a transmitting device, the signal from which is received by a portable alarm receiver for the machine milking operator, thereby promptly informing the operator about the completion of the milking process. The wedge cable clamp contains a roller that is movably mated on one side with an inclined wall, and on the other side with a cable located along the vertical wall. In the side parallel walls, parallel to the inclined wall, there are grooves in which the roller axis is located. The roller is moved up the grooves by a lever, acting on the axis. When the cable is released, to hold the roller in the upper position, a Z-shaped lever is installed on the axis in parallel walls, one arm of which interacts with the axis of the roller, and on the second there is a spring-loaded tip, through which, under the action of a double-sided spring, the lever is movably coupled with the cable, and the spring installed in such a way that when the lever is rotated and its axis of symmetry is positioned perpendicular to the wall, the resultant force of the action of the double-sided spring on the lever is also perpendicular to the vertical wall. 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular to devices for the mechanization of livestock farming, and can be used for milking cows.

The following similar devices are known: a mobile automatic milking machine for cows [RU 2189737 C2, A01J 5/00 (2000.01), A01J 5/017 (2000.01), 09.27.2002], which consists of a vacuum equipment for a milking bucket, a control unit, and a manipulator with a rotating mechanism milking cups with a milking mechanism, a single-axle trolley with a stop. The milking bucket is installed on a single-axle trolley and has a lid with a built-in control unit made in the form of four milk presence sensors, each of which is connected by a milk hose to its own collector and then to the teat cup. Milk hoses are equipped with a pneumatic clamp; milking unit [RU 2654245 C1, A01J 5/00 (2006.01), 05/17/2018], which includes a milking machine and a milking bucket mounted on a single-axle trolley, vacuum equipment and a control unit. A pneumatic cylinder for removing the milking machine upon completion of the milking process is installed vertically on the platform of the single-axle trolley.

These devices do not ensure rational use of working time by the operator of machine milking cows and are not reliable enough in operation.

The closest to a utility model is the milking unit [RU 2707518 C1, A01J 5/003 (2006.01), A01J 5/003 (2019.08), 11/27/2019], which includes a chassis, a milking machine, a milking bucket, vacuum equipment and mounted on a chassis pneumatic cylinder for removing the milking machine. A milk flow sensor is installed in the lid of the milking bucket, made in the form of a float chamber with a float. The float contains a cone-shaped needle that forms a calibrated drain hole in the bottom of the milk receiving chamber. A valve is connected in series to the upper part of the float, which in its lower position separates the milk receiving chamber and the float chamber, and a hollow plunger with a hole and a head with a fitting. The milk receiving chamber of the milk flow sensor is connected to the milk receiving chamber of the manifold by a flexible milk hose, closed by a valve. The float chamber is connected to the cavity of the milking bucket by an overflow pipe. The pneumatic cylinder is connected to the vacuum equipment by pipes through a pneumatic amplifier, the control chamber of which is connected to the fitting of the plunger head with a flexible hose.

However, this device does not ensure the rational use of working time by the operator of machine milking cows and is not reliable enough in operation.

The purpose of the utility model is to increase the reliability of the milking unit.

This is achieved by the fact that the pneumatic clamp contains a pressure sensor connected to a transmitting device, configured to transmit a signal to a portable receiver-signaling device for the machine milking operator, thereby promptly informing the operator about the completion of the milking process. The wedge cable clamp contains a roller that is movably mated on one side with an inclined wall, and on the other side with a cable located along the vertical wall. In the side parallel walls, parallel to the inclined wall, there are grooves in which the roller axis is located. The roller is moved up the grooves by a lever, acting on the axis. When the cable is released, to hold the roller in the upper position, a Z-shaped lever is installed on the axis in parallel walls, one arm of which interacts with the axis of the roller, and on the second there is a spring-loaded tip, through which, under the action of a double-sided spring, the lever is movably coupled with the cable, and the spring installed in such a way that when the lever is rotated and its axis of symmetry is positioned perpendicular to the wall, the resultant force of the action of the double-sided spring on the lever is also perpendicular to the vertical wall.

The proposed utility model will be understood from the following description and the attached drawings.

The milking unit (Fig. 1) includes a chassis 1 of the milking unit, a milking machine 2, a milking bucket 3, vacuum equipment 4 and a pneumatic cylinder 5 mounted vertically on the chassis 1 for removing the milking machine 2 upon completion of the milking process. The milking machine 2 consists of milking cups 6, a collector 7 and a pulsator 8. A rotary lever 10 with idler rollers 11 is attached to the upper edge of the pneumatic cylinder 5 by means of a bearing 9. The piston 12 of the pneumatic cylinder 5 contains a idler roller 13. A cable 14 is attached to the collector 7 of the milking machine 2 pneumatic cylinder 5 for removing the milking machine. The opposite end of the cable 14 through the bypass rollers 11 of the rotary lever 10 and then the bypass roller 13 of the piston 12 is attached to the upper edge of the pneumatic cylinder 5. To hold the cable 14 on the bypass rollers 11, a shank 15 with a wedge lock 16 of the cable 14 is hingedly attached to the free end of the rotary lever 10. holding the milking machine 2 in its original position. In the lid 17 of the milking bucket 3 there is a milk flow sensor 18, made in the form of a float chamber 19 with a float 20. In the lower part of the float 20 contains a cone-shaped needle 21, forming a calibrated drain hole 22 in the bottom of the float chamber 19. A hollow plunger is attached to its upper part 23 with a hole 24 and a head 25 with a fitting 26, which passes through the milk receiving chamber 27, connected to the float chamber 19 by a drain hole 28. The plunger 23 is installed in a sleeve 29, which is equipped with a fitting 30. The hole 24 in the plunger 23 is designed in such a way that when in the lower position of the float 20, hole 24 communicates the cavity of the plunger 23 with the fitting 30 of the sleeve 29, and when the float 20 floats up or the milk flow sensor 18 is installed in the starting position before installing the milking machine 2 on the udder of the cow (not shown in the diagram) - with the atmosphere. To install the milk flow sensor 18 in the starting position, the sleeve 29 contains a tilting bracket 31, which is installed under the head 25 of the plunger 23 when moving the joint head 25 - plunger 23 - float 20 up to the stop. The milk receiving chamber 27 of the milk flow sensor 18 with the milk receiving chamber 32 of the collector 7 of the milking machine 2 is connected by a milk hose 33, on which a pneumatic clamp 34 is installed, through a pneumatic amplifier 35, as well as a pneumatic cylinder 5 for removing the milking machine 2, connected to the vacuum equipment 4 and controlled by a milk flow sensor 18. Moreover, the pneumatic clamp 34 contains a pressure sensor 36 connected to a transmitting device 37, configured to transmit a signal to a portable alarm receiver 38 of the machine milking operator, thereby promptly informing the operator about the completion of the milking process. The vacuum equipment 4 of the milking unit contains a vacuum pump 39, a vacuum regulator 40, a vacuum gauge 41 and a shut-off valve 42. The pneumatic clamp 34 and the pneumatic cylinder 5 are connected to the vacuum equipment 4, respectively, by pipes 43 and 44 through the pneumatic amplifier 35 and then by the pipe 45. The control chamber 46 of the pneumatic amplifier 35 is connected to fitting 26 of the head 25 of the plunger 23 with a flexible hose 47. The float chamber 19 is connected to the cavity of the milking bucket 3 by an overflow pipe 48. The milking bucket 3 is connected to the vacuum equipment 4 by pipe 49, fitting 30 of the sleeve 29 of the milk flow sensor 18 by pipe 50, pulsator 8 by a flexible hose 51 is connected to the distribution chamber 52 of the collector 7 and then to the interwall chambers of the milking cups 6, and the pipe 53 is connected to the vacuum equipment 4. The wedge clamp 16 of the cable 14 (Fig. 2) contains a roller 54 movably mated on one side with the inclined wall 55, and on the other hand, with a cable 14 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2), which is located along the vertical wall 56. In the side parallel walls 57, parallel to the inclined wall 55, grooves 58 are made, in which the axis 59 of the roller 54 is located. The roller 54 goes up the grooves 58 is moved by the lever 60, acting on the axis 59. When the cable 14 is released, to hold the roller 54 in the upper position in the parallel walls 57, a Z-shaped lever 62 is installed on the axis 61, one arm 63 of which interacts with the axis 59 of the roller 54, and on the second is installed spring-loaded by spring 64 (Fig. 2, fig. 3) tip 65, through which, under the action of a double-sided spring 66, lever 62 (Fig. 2) is movably coupled with cable 14, and spring 66 is installed in such a way that when lever 62 is rotated and its axis of symmetry is positioned perpendicular to wall 56 (Fig. 2) , the resultant force of the action of the double-sided spring 66 (Fig. 3) on the lever 62 is also perpendicular to the vertical wall 56.

The milking unit (Fig. 1) operates as follows.

The milking unit is brought to the cow, the unit is connected to a source of electrical energy, the vacuum equipment 4 is turned on and the shut-off valve 42 is opened. In this case, the vacuum pressure through the pipe 49 enters the milking bucket 3 and then through the overflow pipe 48, as well as through the calibrated hole 22 into the float chamber 19, through the pipe 53 - to the pulsator 8 and then with a flexible hose 51 through the distribution chamber 52 of the manifold 7 into the inter-wall chambers of the milking cups 6, and through the pipe 45 - to the pneumatic booster 35. At the same time, the vacuum pressure through the pipe 50 enters the fitting 30 of the sleeve 29, from where, through the hole 24 combined with the fitting 30, when the float 20 is in the lower position, into the cavity of the plunger 23 and then through the head 25 and fitting 26 along a flexible hose 47, vacuum pressure enters the control chamber 46 of the pneumatic booster 35. As a result, the pneumatic booster 35 communicates with pipe 43 and pipe 44 with pipe 45, thereby ensuring the supply of vacuum pressure to the pneumatic clamp 34 and to the pneumatic cylinder 5. Under the influence of vacuum pressure, the pneumatic clamp 34 pinches the milk hose 33, thereby blocking the access of vacuum pressure to the milk receiving chamber 32 of the manifold 7 and further to the nipple chambers of the milking cups 6, and the piston 12, moving downwards, by means of the bypass roller 13, pulls the cable 14 inside the pneumatic cylinder 5, which in turn, rolling along the bypass rollers 11 of the rotary lever 10, lifts the milking machine 2 up by the manifold 7 until the piston 12 stops at the bottom of the pneumatic cylinder 5. At the same time, the latch 16 fixes the cable 14, thereby holding the milking machine 2 in its original position. Then, controlling the vacuum gauge 41, the regulator 40 sets the specified vacuum pressure of milking in the milking bucket 3, in the pulsator 8 and then in the interwall chambers of the milking cups 6, as well as in the pneumatic cylinder 5 and the pneumatic clamp 34. The milking unit is ready for work.

Using the head 25 together with the float 20, the plunger 23 is lifted up until it stops and a tilting bracket 31 is installed under the head 25, thereby installing the milk flow sensor 18 in the starting position. When the plunger 23 moves upward, its hole 24 leaves the zone of interaction with the sleeve 29, thereby providing access to atmospheric pressure into the cavity of the plunger 23 and then through the head 25 and fitting 26 along the flexible hose 47 into the control chamber 46 of the pneumatic booster 35. In this case, the pneumatic booster 35 turns off pipes 43 and 44 from pipe 45, connected to vacuum equipment 4, and communicates them with atmospheric pressure, which enters the pneumatic clamp 34 and releases the milk hose 33, and the pneumatic cylinder 5 releases the piston 12 from the pressure difference acting on it. In this case, the vacuum pressure from the float chamber 19 through the drain hole 28 enters the milk receiving chamber 27 of the milk flow sensor 18 and then through the flexible milk hose 33 through the milk receiving chamber 32 of the manifold 7 into the nipple chambers of the milking cups 6. The milking machine 2 is picked up and the milk milk is squeezed nipples of the milking cups 6, preventing the suction of atmospheric air through the nipple chambers and a decrease in the vacuum pressure in the milk receiving chamber 32 of the collector 7. Using the lever 60 of the wedge clamp 16, acting on the axis 59, the roller 54 is moved upward along the grooves 58 in the side parallel walls 57, thereby unlocking cable 14. The milking machine 2 is moved in the direction of the cow's udder and, pulling the cable 14 from the pneumatic cylinder 5, they act on the shank 15, which, turning in the hinge and oriented in the direction of the tension of the cable 14, in turn rotates the rotary lever 10 in the bearing 9 in that in the same direction, ensuring the movement of the cable 14, which, rolling along the deflection rollers 11 of the rotary lever 10 and the deflection roller 13, moves the piston 12 of the pneumatic cylinder 5 upward. In this case, the downwardly moving cable 14 (Fig. 2), acting on the tip 65 and overcoming the resistance of the spring 64 in the first half of the angle of rotation of the Z-shaped lever 62 and the spring 66 (Fig. 3) in the second half of the angle of rotation of the Z-shaped lever 62, rotates the Z-shaped lever 62 clockwise on the axis 61 (Fig. 2), which with its arm 63 overlaps the grooves 58. In this case, the spring 66 (Fig. 3) ensures the coupling of the tip 65 (Fig. 2) with the cable 14. The lever 60 is lowered down, and the Z-shaped lever 62 with its arm 63 behind the axis 59 holds the roller 54 at the top. Having brought the milking machine 2 (Fig. 1) under the udder of the cow, alternately aligning the milk pipes, thereby opening the access of vacuum pressure to the nipple chambers, the milking cups 6 are put on the nipples of the cow's udder. Then the transmitting device 37 controlled by the pressure sensor 36 and the portable alarm receiver 38 of the machine milking operator are turned on. The milking process begins.

Milk from the nipple chambers of the milking cups 6 enters the milk receiving chamber 32 of the collector 7 and then through a flexible milk hose 33 into the milk receiving chamber 27 of the milk flow sensor 18, from where through the drain hole 28 it flows in a uniform flow into the float chamber 19. At the intensity of the flow of milk entering into the float chamber 19 from the milking machine 2, above the set value, for example 200 ml/min, the milk does not have time to flow out of the float chamber 19 through the calibrated drain hole 22, formed by the cone-shaped needle 21 in its bottom, into the milking bucket 3. When milk accumulates in float chamber 19, the float 20 floats up, lifting the head 25 of the plunger 23, thereby releasing the tilting bracket 31, which, turning, lowers to its original position, and the milk flow sensor 18 goes into tracking mode. If milk accumulates excessively in the float chamber 19, its excess flows through the overflow pipe 48 into the milking bucket 3. When milking is completed and the intensity of the milk flow decreases below a predetermined value, for example 200 ml/min, the float 20 goes down and occupies the lowest position. In this case, the plunger 23, moving downwards, aligns with the fitting 30 of the sleeve 29 the hole 24, through which into the cavity of the plunger 23 and then through the head 25 and fitting 26 along a flexible hose 47, vacuum pressure enters the control chamber 46 of the pneumatic booster 35. As a result, the pneumatic booster 35 reports nozzles 43 and 44 with nozzle 45, thereby ensuring the supply of vacuum pressure to the pneumatic clamp 34 and the pneumatic cylinder 5. Under the influence of vacuum pressure, the pneumatic clamp 34 compresses the flexible milk hose 33, thereby stopping the supply of vacuum pressure to the milk receiving chamber 32 of the manifold 7 and further to the nipple chambers milking cups 6. At the same time, atmospheric air, which enters through a calibrated hole (not shown in the diagram) into the milk receiving chamber 32 of the collector 7 and further into the nipple chambers of the milking cups 6, reduces the residual vacuum pressure to atmospheric pressure and the milking machine, under its own weight, falls from udder teats. But at the same time, the piston 12 of the pneumatic cylinder 5, moving downwards, through the bypass roller 13, pulls the cable 14 inside the pneumatic cylinder 5, which in turn, rolling along the bypass rollers 11 of the rotary lever 10 by the manifold 7, picks up the milking machine 2 from the cow's udder and lifts it up to the piston 12 stops in the bottom of the pneumatic cylinder 5. At the same time, the cable 14 (Fig. 2) moves upward, acting on the tip 65 and overcoming the resistance of the spring 64 in the first half of the angle of rotation of the Z-shaped lever 62 and the spring 66 (Fig. 2, Fig. 3 ) in the second half of the rotation angle of the Z-shaped lever 62, turns on the axis 61 (Fig. 2) the Z-shaped lever 62 counterclockwise, the arm 63 of which opens the grooves 58, thereby freeing the axis 59 and the roller 54, going down, enters in conjunction with the inclined wall 55 and the cable 14. Thus, the wedge clamp 16 fixes the cable 14, holding the milking machine 2 in its original position. In this case, the spring 66 (Fig. 3) ensures the coupling of the tip 65 (Fig. 2) with the cable 14. At the same time, a pressure sensor 36 installed on the pneumatic clamp 34 activates the transmitting device 37, and the signal is sent to a portable alarm receiver 38, thereby promptly informing the operator about the completion of the milking process. The operator disconnects the milking unit from the power source. Removes the lid 17 of the milking bucket with the milk flow sensor 18, drains the milk from the milking bucket 3 into the milk receiving tank. Milking is complete.

The use of this milking unit will increase labor productivity by 35-40% and reduce the incidence of cow udder mastitis by 12-14%.

Information sources:

RU 2189737 C2, A01J 5/00 (2000.01), A01J 5/017 (2000.01), 09.27.2002;

RU 2654245 C1, A01J 5/00 (2006.01), 05/17/2018;

RU 2707518 C1, A01J 5/003 (2006.01), A01J 5/003 (2019.08), 11/27/2019.

Claims (1)

A milking unit, including a milking unit chassis, a milking machine, a milking bucket, vacuum equipment, a pneumatic cylinder vertically installed on the chassis for removing the milking machine upon completion of the milking process, to which is attached a rotary lever with guide rollers, a shank and a wedge cable lock, and installed in the milking machine cover bucket milk flow sensor, the milk receiving chamber of which is connected to the milk receiving chamber of the milking machine manifold by a milk hose on which a pneumatic clamp is installed, through a pneumatic amplifier; as well as a pneumatic cylinder for removing the milking machine, connected to vacuum equipment and controlled by a milk flow sensor, characterized in that the pneumatic clamp contains a pressure sensor connected to a transmitting device, configured to transmit a signal to a portable receiver-signaling device for the machine milking operator; the wedge cable retainer contains a roller that is movably mated on one side with an inclined wall, and on the other side with a cable that is located along the vertical wall; in the side parallel walls, parallel to the inclined wall, there are grooves in which the axis of the roller is located, which is moved up the grooves by a lever, acting on the axis; When the cable is released, to hold the roller in the upper position, a Z-shaped lever is installed in parallel walls on the axis, one arm of which interacts with the axis of the roller, and on the second there is a spring-loaded tip, through which, under the action of a double-sided spring, the lever is movably coupled with the cable, and the spring installed in such a way that when the lever is rotated and its axis of symmetry is positioned perpendicular to the wall, the resultant force of the action of the double-sided spring on the lever is also perpendicular to the vertical wall.

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