RU2205084C1 - Apparatus for corrugating sheet material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: equipment for corrugating sheet materials by bending. SUBSTANCE: apparatus includes housing mounted on base and having upper movable part and stationary lower part; mechanism for lifting upper part; gas- tight cloth. Systems of upper and lower punches are arranged inside housing; each system includes identical flat shaping members in the form of parallelograms jointly connected one with another at their sides. Drive unit of punch systems is in the form of two sealed chambers into which excess pressure may be supplied. Each chamber is formed by means of systems of respective punches joined by means of gas-tight elastic cloth along perimeter with respective part of housing. Cavity between punch systems is communicated with atmosphere and forms shaping zone. EFFECT: enhanced reliability and efficiency, simplified design and enlarged manufacturing possibilities of apparatus. 10 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices for corrugating sheet material by bending and can be used in the manufacture of lightweight aggregate for multilayer panels, filter elements and packaging material.

 A device for the manufacture of a zigzag corrugation containing reciprocating moving along the base in the guides of the forming elements located on both sides of the molded material (US Patent 3992162, MKI B 32 B 15/00, 1977) - [1].

 The disadvantages of this device are the complexity of its design, the high complexity of manufacturing forming elements, as well as the inability to manufacture a zigzag corrugation with a large amplitude of zigzag lines.

 A device for corrugating sheet material containing a system of upper and lower punches installed in the housing on both sides of the workpiece, and having a drive in the form of a piston (AS USSR 1690903, MKI B 21 D 13/02, 1991) - [2].

 The disadvantage of this device is the low quality of the corrugated product, since as a result of friction between the inner surface of the body and the flat forming elements in the form of parallelograms, the forming force from the side of the elements to the workpiece is distributed unevenly over its area, which affects the quality of the corrugated product.

 A device for corrugating tape material, comprising counter and reciprocally moving along the frame in the guides of the holders with mounted forming elements with a knife and locking elements located on both sides of the molded material, equipped with a second forming element with a knife fixed in the holder with the other side of the material relative to the first forming element (AS 474377, MKI B 21 D 31/00, 1975) - [3].

 The disadvantages of this device and the method of its operation are the complexity of the design of the fixing and forming elements, consisting of a large number of knives, the complexity of the working movements, the impossibility of manufacturing a high-quality zigzag corrugation, since the method involves the extraction of the workpiece material, which leads to a violation of the internal structure of the material.

 A device for corrugating sheet material containing a system of upper and lower punches installed on both sides of the workpiece with a drive in the form of a detachable vacuum chamber formed by a bag of gas-tight material and the lifting unit of the upper system of punches in the form of a frame consisting of transverse and longitudinal guides, pivotally connected to the upper system of punches through sliding units (Patent 2118217, MKI B 21 D 13/00, 1998) - [4].

 The disadvantage of this invention is: the difficulty of sealing a detachable vacuum chamber on the supply side of the workpiece in the work area with repeatedly repeating the production cycle of installing the workpiece and removing the finished part, limiting the possibility of molding from workpieces with increased rigidity, since the forming force from the punches to the workpiece are determined by the pressure difference outside and inside the vacuum chamber, i.e. limited by pressure in one atmosphere.

 As a prototype, a well-known device for corrugating sheet material was selected, containing systems of upper and lower punches installed in the housing on both sides of the workpiece and having a drive in the form of a detachable vacuum chamber, rigid shape clamps made in the form of plates with the shape of the working surface corresponding to the original in the form of puncheon systems, the lifting drive of the upper retainer and the upper part of the housing, made in the form of power cylinders mounted on the base (Patent 1755999, MKI B 21 D 13/02, 1992) - [5].

 The method of operation of the device includes the following operations: lifting to the extreme upper position of the upper part of the housing together with the upper system of punches and the upper form clamp. On the surface formed by the lines of protrusions of the lower system of punches, a sheet blank is laid. The upper part of the casing is lowered and pressed through the tight harness to the lower, at the same time the upper form clamp is lowered and presses the package consisting of the upper punches system, sheet blank and lower punches system to the lower form clamp. In this case, the upper and lower punches system are oriented along the rigid form clamps and the vacuum chamber is sealed. Then the system of punches is released from the rigid carriers of the form - the clamps, there is a rise of the system of punches above the lower retainer and the rise of the upper retainer form. Air is pumped out of the vacuum chamber, as a result of which, under the influence of atmospheric pressure, the forming elements of the puncheon systems bend the workpiece along the lines of the protrusions of the lower punches system and the lines of the depressions of the upper punches system. At the final stage, the vacuum chamber is connected to the atmosphere. The upper part of the body, together with the upper system of punches, is brought to its highest position, and the finished product is removed from the device. Raising and lowering the upper part of the body and the rigid form clamps is carried out using a system of pneumatic cylinders.

The disadvantages of this device are:
- low reliability of sealing around the perimeter of the vacuum chamber in the conditions of a repeatedly repeated cycle of its closure and opening when installing the workpiece and removing the part;
- the restriction on the formation of parts from workpieces of increased rigidity (large thickness or from durable material), because the forming forces from the punches to the workpiece are determined by the pressure difference between the outside and the inside of the vacuum chamber. With a vacuum drive, this pressure difference cannot exceed one atmosphere.

 This invention solves the problem of increasing the reliability and performance of the device while simplifying its design, as well as expanding its technological capabilities.

 The problem is solved in that in a device for corrugating sheet material containing a body mounted on the base, made of a movable upper part and a stationary lower part, a lifting mechanism for the upper part placed inside the body of the system of upper and lower punches, each of which is made of the same flat forming elements in the form of parallelograms pivotally connected to one another on their sides, a gas-tight fabric, as well as a mechanism for fixing systems of punches and a drive for the system of punches, for improving the reliability of the device and the possibility of corrugating sheet material with a wide range of stiffness parameters, the drive of the punchet systems is made in the form of two sealed chambers with the possibility of supplying excess pressure to them, each of which is formed by the corresponding system of upper and lower punches connected by a gas-tight elastic fabric along the perimeter with the corresponding part body, and the zone of shaping is the cavity between the systems of punches associated with the atmosphere.

 In FIG. 1 shows a finished part, a zigzag corrugation; figure 2 - General view of the installation with the upper part of the housing lowered; figure 3 - General view of the installation with the raised upper part of the housing; figure 4 is a cross section of the housing of the device: a - at the time of laying the workpiece; b - in a closed state; in - in the process of shaping; figure 5 - lower and upper system of punches with clamps: a - orientation diagram of the upper and lower system of punches on the clamps; b - a fragment of the system of punches.

 The device comprises a system of upper and lower punches, each of which is made of the same flat forming elements in the form of parallelograms, pivotally connected to one another on their sides and forming a corrugated surface. The upper and lower latches are made in the form of multi-links consisting of flat elements pivotally connected to each other with the formation of a corrugation. The upper and lower latches are connected by means of cylindrical joints with systems of upper and lower punches, respectively. Elastic elements are fixed on the surface of the clamps (such a design of the clamps was used in [4]).

 Punch systems are installed in the upper movable and lower stationary parts of the housing using longitudinal and transverse tubular guides. Longitudinal tubular guides have the ability to plane-parallel movement in horizontal and vertical planes, being placed at their ends in the grooves of the upper and lower parts of the housing. The transverse guides with the help of sliding units are connected with the longitudinal guides and have the ability to plane-parallel movement along the longitudinal guides. The systems of the upper and lower punches are attached to the guides with the help of sliding units.

 The drive of the punches system is made in the form of upper and lower one-piece sealed chambers formed by the corresponding parts of the housing, puncheon systems and a gas-tight elastic fabric with the possibility of applying excess pressure to each of the chambers.

 The lifting mechanism of the upper part of the housing consists of intersecting pivotally connected rods driven by pneumatic cylinders.

 In figures 1-5, the numbers indicate the following positions: 1 - zigzag lines of protrusions of the corrugation; 2 - zigzag lines of the corrugations of the corrugations; 3 - sawtooth lines of the corrugation; 4 - forming elements (punches); 5 - cylindrical hinges; 6 - upper system of punches; 7 - lower system of punches; 8 - base; 9 - elastic elements of the retainer of the upper system of punches; 10 - elastic elements of the retainer of the lower system of punches; 11 - workpiece; 12 - lower stationary part of the housing; 13 - upper movable part of the housing; 14 - reclining clamps; 15, 16 - fittings for supplying excess pressure to the upper and lower sealed chambers, respectively; 17 - drainage fitting; 18, 19 - rods of the lifting mechanism of the upper part of the housing; 20, 21 - guides of the lifting mechanism; 22 - pneumatic cylinder of the lifting mechanism; 23 - longitudinal tubular guide; 24 - transverse tubular guide; 25 - slip unit; 26 - gas-tight elastic fabric; 27 - tourniquet of one-piece tight fitting of elastic fabric to the body; 28, 29 - flat elements of the clamps of the systems of the lower and upper punches; 30 - springs; 31 - central attachment points.

 In FIG. 1 shows a fragment of a part in the form of a zigzag corrugation obtained from a flat sheet blank using the inventive device. It has zigzag lines of the protrusions 1, zigzag lines of the depressions 2 and sawtooth lines 3 connecting the vertices of the zigzag lines of the protrusions 1 and depressions 3.

 Figure 2 shows a General view of the device. The device comprises a base 8 on which a housing is mounted, consisting of a lower stationary part 12 and an upper movable part 13. The lifting mechanism of the upper housing part consists of pivotally connected rods 18 and 19, guides 20, 21 for moving the right ends of the rods, as well as power pneumatic cylinders 22.

 On the sides of the body are installed reclining clamps 14, mounted on its lower stationary part.

 Figure 3 shows a General view of the device with a raised upper part of the body and reclined clamps.

 In the housing is a forming unit (figure 4), consisting of the upper 6 and lower 7 systems, punches. The system of punches consist (Fig. 5) of flat forming elements (punches) 4 in the form of parallelograms connected to each other by hinges 5 on all sides.

 The systems of the upper and lower punches are pivotally mounted on the sliding nodes 25, which connect the longitudinal 23 and transverse 24 tubular guides, with the possibility of movement along both longitudinal and transverse guides. Longitudinal guides 23 are installed in the grooves of the upper part of the housing 13 and the lower part of the housing 12 with the possibility of movement in the horizontal plane and the vertical direction and are connected respectively to the upper and lower part of the housing by springs 30.

 The system of upper punches is oriented relative to the system of lower punches according to the latches (Fig. 5, a). The lower and upper latches are made in the form of multi-links consisting of rectangular elements 28, 29, pivotally connected to each other with the formation of a triangular linear corrugation, and are also pivotally connected at the edges with a system of lower and upper punches, respectively, while elastic elements are fixed on the surface of the latches 9, 10, oriented towards each other.

 On the surface of the system of upper punches 6, a gas-tight elastic fabric 26 is installed, one-piece connected to the upper part of the housing 13 along its perimeter by means of a bundle 27 (see Fig. 4). Thus, the upper part of the housing, together with the system of upper punches and a gas-tight cloth, form the upper sealed chamber with the possibility of supplying excessive pressure into it through the fitting 15.

 Similarly, the lower part of the housing 12 together with the system of lower punches 7 and a gas-tight fabric form a lower sealed chamber with the possibility of applying excess pressure through the nozzle 16. The upper and lower sealed chambers are the power drive of the system of punches for shaping.

 For communication of the cavity formed by the systems of upper and lower punches with the atmosphere, a drainage fitting 17 is used. This zone is a corrugation-forming zone.

 The device operates as follows. At the first stage (Fig. 3), the rod of the pneumatic cylinder 22 moves to the leftmost position together with the lower right end of the rod 19, the horizontal movement of which is determined by the guide 21. Since the rods are connected by a hinge, the angle between them changes. In this case, the right end of the rod 18 moves horizontally along the guide 20. As a result, the upper part of the housing 13 rises above the lower 12. The clamps 14 are in the tilted state.

 The upper 6 and lower 7 of the system of punches (figure 4) under the action of the springs 30 (Fig. 2) are stretched (given in the initial position). In this case, the longitudinal tubular guides 23 (Fig. 4) supporting the system of upper and lower punches are based on the protrusions of the grooves of the upper 13 and lower 12 parts of the housing, respectively.

 A flat sheet stock 11 is mounted on the system of lower punches.

 At the second stage, the rod of the pneumatic cylinder 22 returns to the extreme right position (Fig. 2, 4, b). The upper part of the housing 13 is lowered to close with the lower part of the housing 12.

 The clamps 14 are rotated towards the body and press its upper part to the bottom. The system of upper punches 6 (Fig. 4, b) is installed on the workpiece 11. The upper system of punches is oriented relative to the lower system of punches by the elastic elements of the clips 9 and 10 (see Fig. 5).

 In the third stage (Fig. 4, c), overpressure is applied to the upper 13 and lower 12 parts of the housing through the fittings 15 and 16, which acts on the forming elements of the upper 6 and lower 7 of the puncheon systems (Fig. 4, c). Due to the mobility in the joints, the system of punches change the density of their relief. They are compressed in the plane of the workpiece 11, while simultaneously penetrating into it with the lines of the protrusions 1 of the lower system of punches and the lines of the depressions 2 of the upper system of punches. The part is shaped at the same time along all the lines of the imaginary marking. The excess air generated between the upper 6 and lower 7 puncheon systems exits through the drain fitting 17. The elastic retainers 9 and 10 of the upper and lower puncheon systems are crimped in accordance with the transformation of the triangular corrugation formed by the elements 28 and 29.

 During shaping, the sliding nodes 25 of the upper 6 and lower 7 of the punch systems respectively move along the transverse guides 24 to the central nodes 31 (see FIG. 2). Together with the sliding units 25, the longitudinal tubular guides 23 move towards the center. Simultaneously, the sliding units 25 together with the transverse tubular guides move along the longitudinal guides towards the center. Thus, the slip nodes 25 track the movements associated with a change in the density of the relief of the upper and lower puncheon systems.

 At the final stage, the sealed chambers of the upper and lower parts of the housing are connected to the atmosphere (not shown in Figs. 1-5). The clamps 14 open, freeing the upper part of the body, which rises up with the rods of the lifting mechanism. The finished part is retrieved.

 Then, the springs 30 through the longitudinal tubular guides 23 and the sliding units 25 stretch the upper and lower system of punches to the initial state corresponding to the installation of the workpiece 11 before shaping.

 The described device for corrugating sheet material allows one to produce a zigzag corrugation with high productivity, while simplifying the design of the device and increasing the reliability of its operation by replacing a detachable sealed vacuum chamber (in the prototype and analogues) with two integral sealed chambers, which eliminates frequent short circuit and opening the airtight connector. The use of excess pressure in sealed chambers provides an extension of the technological capabilities of the device, expressed in the possibility of obtaining parts from workpieces of high rigidity.

Claims (1)

 A device for corrugating sheet material, comprising a body mounted on the base made of a movable upper part and a stationary lower part, a lifting mechanism for the upper part, placed inside the body of the system of upper and lower punches with a forming zone in the form of a cavity between them, a gas-tight fabric, and also a fixing mechanism systems of punches and their drive, wherein each of the mentioned systems of punches is made of the same flat forming elements in the form of parallelograms pivotally connected to one another gim on their sides, characterized in that the drive systems of the upper and lower punches are made in the form of two sealed chambers with the possibility of supplying excess pressure to them, each of which is formed by a corresponding system of punches connected by a gas-tight elastic fabric along the perimeter with the corresponding part of the body, and the cavity between systems of punches is connected with the atmosphere.

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