RU2200792C2 - Facility reinforcing banks or beds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water-developing projects, structures reinforcing washed-out beds of rivers, canals and other objects. SUBSTANCE: facility is made of prismatic gabions which are based on isosceles triangle. They are laid with bases on bottom or banks. Upper face of prismatic gabions is oriented upwards and is perpendicular to direction of flow. Bases of prismatic gabions are interlinked with the use of wire. Space formed between adjacent gabions in upper part is filled with fertile soil with seeds of moisture-loving vegetation and is padded with stone fill laid on principle of inverse filter. Prismatic gabions are assembled from wire netting. For impartment of system with stability and rigidity relation of equal sides of triangle should by expressed by inequality a≥b,, where a is length of base; b is length of equal sides of triangle. Roll of wire netting rolled up in agreement with technique and filled with stones is joined with use of wire from above to form vertex of pyramid oriented upwards. Service life of such structures is prolonged by factor of 1.5-2.0 in comparison with other known similar approaches. EFFECT: reduced usage of concrete as compared with similar known approaches and enhanced protection of wire netting against attrition in process of operation. 2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used as shore protection structures in eroded riverbeds, canals and other structures.

A device for strengthening banks or channels [1], containing gabions filled with stone, laid on the bottom of the channel or the banks of the river or channel. The disadvantage of this technical solution is that:
- fasteners are in direct contact with the fluid flow and entrained sediments and therefore can undergo rapid abrasion and destruction in a short time;
- the effectiveness of fastening is significantly reduced when there are high speeds and costs in the river or canal;
- in environmental terms, is not a favorable technical solution;
- fastening over time can be destroyed as a result of mechanical suffusion, the removal of small particles of the base through the pores of gabions;
- the rigidity of the gabion structure is insufficient, and the gabion net can be subjected to strong abrasion by sediment during operation, as it directly contacts water and there is no protective layer in the form of a pillow.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of protecting the banks of riverbeds and canals from erosion and durability of the shore protection structure.

 This goal is achieved in that the device for strengthening the banks or channels consists of gabions made in the form of trihedral prisms, laid one of the faces on the bottom. The line of intersection of the other two faces is directed perpendicular to the direction of flow, and neighboring prisms are connected by faces with each other with the formation of a continuous coating.

 At the base, the prismatic gabions are interconnected by a wire so that a continuous mesh coating is formed that is directly adjacent to the bottom and banks of the river bed or channel. Gabions are mounted from a roll mesh in such a way that an isosceles triangle forms at the base. In order for the system to be unchangeable and rigid, the ratio of equal sides to the base must be expressed by the inequality a≥b, where a is the length of the base; b is the length of the equal sides of the triangle. The grid roll, rolled up according to the developed technique and filled with stone, is connected from above by a wire that forms the top of the prism and is oriented upwards.

 Gabions made in the form of trihedral prisms are laid by one of the faces on the bottom, and the line of intersection of the other two faces is directed perpendicular to the direction of flow. Thus, gabions are laid out as artificial roughness, which will contribute to siltation during operation of the formed space between neighboring gabions.

 The space formed between the faces of neighboring prisms is filled with fertile soil with seeds of hygrophilous vegetation, and sprinkled on top with a stone outline laid according to the inverse filter principle.

 The growing root system of hygrophilous plants reinforces the soil, filling the space between adjacent gabions, fastening it with gabions, and also connects prismatic gabions to each other.

 The stone sketch is laid according to the principle of the inverse filter, which prevents the removal of fertile soil with seeds from the formed space between adjacent gabions during operation of the fastening.

 Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a river or canal with a device for strengthening the banks or channels; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1, a top view; figure 3 is an expanded roll of mesh; figure 4 - gabions, axonometry; figure 5 - node In figure 1.

 The cross section of channel 1 consists of coastal 2 and bottom 3 parts, on which gabions 4 are laid in the form of trihedral prisms. Gabions 4 consist of a grid 5 and stones 6. Between themselves, the gabions 4 at the base are connected by a wire 7, and at the top by a wire 8, forming a hinged type of connection. The formed space between the gabions 4, which also has a prismatic shape, is first filled with fertile soil 9 with seeds of hygrophilous vegetation, and sprinkled with a stone outline on top 10. Germinating vegetation 11 with its root system 12 reinforces and strengthens the gabion mount.

 A device for strengthening coasts or channels is mounted and works as follows.

 A roll of net 5 is laid on the bottom 3 and on the bank 2 of the river bed or channel 1, transverse to the direction of flow. Stones 6 in the form of a trihedral prism are stacked on a roll of mesh 5. In order for the mounted gabion 4 to have a rigid and unchanged construction, the ratio of equal sides to the base should be expressed by the inequality a≥b, where a is the length of the base; b is the length of the equal sides of the triangle. The net 5 folded into gabion 4, filled with stones 6, is connected by wire 8. In this way, all gabions 4 are mounted in series, which are connected to each other in the base by wire 7, along the bottom face. The formed space between gabions 4 has a prismatic shape, which is partially filled with fertile soil 9 with seeds of hygrophilous plants 11. Growing plants 11 reinforce fertile soil 9 with their root system 12, and adjacent adjacent prismatic gabions 4 and stone outline 10 are additionally fixed between them. by the principle of the inverse filter so that the sizes of particles stacked in layers increase to the top and this prevents the possible removal of particles of fertile soil 9 with seeds hygrophilous plants 11. Thus, the stone draft 10 forms a natural cushion that additionally protects the mesh 5 from intensive abrasion during operation of the gabion mount.

 The proposed technical solution has several advantages over other previously known ones, namely, design flexibility, for which possible deformation of the banks and bottom of the river channel during operation is not dangerous; the climatic conditions in which alternating freezing and thawing occur are not dangerous. The flexibility of the structure is a huge advantage of this structure, since it is in water and it is impossible to avoid possible deformations of the bottom and base, and this will entail deformation of the structure, which is not dangerous for this type of fastening. Destroyed gabions are easy to install during operation.

 The proposed technical solution is cheaper than the known ones due to the saving of concrete, as well as reliable protection against abrasion of the mesh during operation. At the same time, the durability of these structures is 1.5-2 times greater than previously known similar technical solutions.

Sources of information
1. Altunin S.T. Regulation of channels. M .: Selkhozgiz, 1956, p. 62-64.

Claims (3)

 1. A device for strengthening banks or channels, containing gabions filled with stone, laid on the bottom of the channel or the banks of the river or channel, characterized in that the gabions are made in the form of trihedral prisms, laid one of the faces on the bottom, and the line of intersection of the other two faces is directed perpendicular to the direction of flow, adjacent prisms are connected by faces with each other with the formation of a continuous coating, and the space formed between the faces of neighboring prisms is filled with fertile soil with seeds of moisture-loving vegetation, sprinkled on top with a stone outline.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the trihedral prism has a base in the form of an isosceles triangle, in which the ratio of equal sides to the base is expressed by the inequality a ≥ b, where a is the length of the base; b is the length of the equal sides of the triangle.  3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the stone sketch is laid in the form of a return filter.

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