RU2200791C2 - Combined reinforcement - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water-development works, bank- reinforcing structures in washed-out beds of rivers, canals and other objects. SUBSTANCE: combined reinforcement presents assembled structure comprising gabions in the form of triangular pyramids (tetrahedrons) which one side has shape of triangular reinforced solid plate-base interjoined by braces and joints installed in vertexes of triangular pyramids. Tetrahedral gabions are laid on bank or bottom part of bed of river or canal with plate-base to form continuous concrete surface worked deeper into soil by height of tetrahedron which contacts surface of bed directly. Vertexes of gabions are directed inwards from bank or bottom surface of bed of river or canal. Space between vertexes of tetrahedral gabions is filled with soil to form natural cushion. Depth of working out of plates-bases is assumed on condition that they will not freeze through or pressed through under outside loads. Reinforcing frame comes in the form of pre-stressed tetrahedron with joints in vertexes. Antifiltration coat made of polymer material is laid on surfaces of plates-bases and prevents filtration from bed of river or canal. Plates-bases have stiffening ribs. Stiffening ribs are interjoined and seams in points of linking are sealed. EFFECT: prolonged operational time of reinforcement, reduced labor input and consumption of materials as compared with known technical approaches. 4 cl, 10 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used as shore protection structures in eroded riverbeds, canals and other structures.

A device for strengthening banks or channels [1], containing gabions filled with stone, laid on the bottom of the channel or the banks of the river or channel. The disadvantage of this technical solution is that:
- fastening over time can be destroyed as a result of mechanical suffusion, the removal of small particles of the base through the pores of gabions;
- the rigidity of the structure is insufficient, and the gabion net can undergo strong abrasion by sediment during operation, as it is in direct contact with water and there is no protective layer in the form of a pillow;
- large filtration losses through the mounting structure;
- the durability of the fastening structure, consisting of such gabions, is small due to corrosion and abrasion of the mesh directly in contact with sediment without a protective layer and the destruction of the fastening.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of protecting the banks of riverbeds and canals from erosion and durability of the shore protection structure.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the combined shore protection structure is a prefabricated structure consisting of tetrahedral gabions, one face of which is made in the form of a triangular reinforced continuous base plate with hinged joints at the tops. The tetrahedral gabions are placed on the coastal or bottom part of the river or channel channel and are pivotally connected to each other at the tops so that a continuous concrete surface is formed that directly contacts the channel surface. The vertices of the gabions are directed inward from the coastal and bottom surface of the river channel or channel. The space between the vertices of the tetrahedral gabions is artificially filled with soil, turf, or brought into the process of exploitation by entrained substances, usually of mineral origin. Thus, a natural cushion is formed, which protects the mount from abrasion by sediment, mechanical damage and freezing of water located in the pores of the concrete base plate.

 The height of the cushion layer is equal to the height of the tetrahedron and is determined from observing the conditions of non-penetration from external loads, which will lead to mechanical damage to the thin concrete base plate, and from the condition of non-freezing, and this depends on the climatic conditions of the construction area and operation of the combined mount. The pillow is also a reliable protection against abrasion and mechanical damage to the gabina network with sediments and other entrained components of water, which will significantly increase the service life of the combined mount.

 Possible options for strengthening both the banks of the riverbed and channel, and the bottom. In the case when only the coasts are attached, the erosion of the bottom is possible during operation, which will entail lowering the coastal reinforcement downwards, and in this case it is possible to build up. The bottom reinforcement device can completely prevent its erosion and deformation of the channel as a whole.

 The mesh surrounds the reinforcing cage, which has a tetrahedral shape. The tetrahedron is an unchangeable design, which gives the gabions and, in general, the mount, special rigidity and flexibility. The reinforcing cage can be in a prestressed state, pressing the stones contained in the grid to the base plate, which will further increase the rigidity of the structure.

 Combined mount allows you to provide a coating that completely prevents filtering from the channel of the channel or river. For this, the polymer film is glued to the surface of the base plate from the side that contacts the stone, and structural joints, which are also deformation ones, are completely sealed. For better sealing of the joints, the joining of the ribs of the base plates is carried out with a lining between each other in a certain system.

 To strengthen the stiffness at the base plate, stiffeners are provided in which the working reinforcement is reinforced. In the plate itself, a reinforcing mesh is reinforced.

 In FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a river channel or canal with combined shore fastening; figure 2 is a cross section of a river channel or canal with combined fastening of the bottom and banks; figure 3 - tetrahedral frame with extensions, base plate and hinges, General view; figure 4 - combined tetrahedral gabion, General view; figure 5 - layout of combined tetrahedral gabions in plan, view a in figure 1; figure 6 is a triangular base plate without coating, a plan view; Fig.7 is a section aa in Fig.6; on 8 is a diagram of the docking of the base plates of the combined fastening with a coating, a general view in plan; figure 9 is a section bb in Fig; figure 10 is a section CC in figure 8.

 The cross section of channel 1 consists of a coastal 2 and a bottom 3 parts, on which a combined fastening consisting of tetrahedral gabions 4 is arranged. Tetrahedral gabions 4 consist of a base plate 5 and extensions 6 with hinges 7 at the tops. The gabion net 8 tightens the stretch marks 6, which may be in a prestressed state. Stones 9 are located inside mesh 8. The space between the vertices of tetrahedral gabions 4 is filled with backfill 10. Base plate 5 has stiffeners 11 with working reinforcement 12. An reinforcing mesh 13 is reinforced in the base plate 5 body. To seal structural joints and prevent filtering of the rib base plates 5 may have concavities 14 and convexities 15, as well as a coating 16, which is glued to its surface.

 Combined mount is mounted and operates as follows.

 Pre-made tetrahedral gabions 4, consisting of a base plate 5 and extensions 6 connected at the tops by hinges 7. The extensions 6, which may be in a prestressed state, are covered with a mesh 8 filled with stones 9. Tetrahedral gabions 4 are laid on the banks 2 and the bottom 3 river beds or channel 1, the peaks of which are directed inward. The base plates 5 of tetrahedral gabions 4 are pivotally connected to each other at the vertices so that a continuous concrete surface is formed that will prevent mechanical suffusion and erosion of the banks 2 and bottom 3 of the riverbed 1. During operation of the combined fastening, the space between the vertices of the tetrahedral gabions 4 is filled with backfill 10 forming a natural pillow. The natural cushion prevents the abrasion of the mesh by 8 deposits and protects against alternating freezing and thawing of the base plates 5. The thickness of the layer of the natural cushion is determined from the condition of non-freezing and non-penetration from external loads. To enhance the rigidity of the base plate 5, stiffeners 11 with working reinforcement 12 are provided, and it itself is reinforced with reinforcing mesh 13.

 In the combined mount, a cover 16 may be provided, which is glued to the base plate 5 from the side of the arrangement of stones 9, which protects it from abrasion during operation and prevents damage from rodents or growing plants. The ribs of the base plates 5 have concavities 14 and convexities 15, which are hermetically joined to each other, which prevents filtration from the riverbed 1.

 As you operate, the bottom of the river 1 channel may erode, and the combined mount slide down along the side 2 surface, in this case, the mount from above will gradually increase.

 The proposed technical solution has several advantages over other previously known ones, namely: design flexibility, for which possible deformations of the banks and bottom of the river channel during operation are not dangerous; the climatic conditions in which alternating freezing and thawing occur are not dangerous, since the base plate is protected by a pillow from the penetration of cold; a combined mount can completely prevent filtering from a river or canal and reliably protect the coating from damage.

 The proposed technical solution is cheaper than the known ones due to the saving of concrete, as well as reliable protection against abrasion of the mesh during operation. At the same time, the durability of these structures is 1.5-2 times greater than previously known similar technical solutions.

Sources of information
1. Altunin S.T. Regulation of channels. M .: Selkhozgiz, 1956, p. 62-64.

Claims (5)

 1. A combined mount containing gabions in the form of nets, with a reinforcing cage filled with stone and laid on the slope and bottom of the channel, characterized in that the gabions are made in the form of tetrahedrons, one of the faces of which is made in the form of a triangular reinforced solid base plate connected by means of hinges installed at the vertices of the tetrahedron, while the triangular plates are interconnected to form a continuous surface deepened to the height of the tetrahedron, the vertices of which are directed into the river channel or channel, and the space between the peaks is filled with soil with the formation of a pillow.  2. The combined fastening according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth of penetration of the triangular base plates is adopted taking into account not freezing and not punching from external loads.  3. The combined mount according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing cage is made in the form of a tetrahedron, prestressed, with a hinge mount at the vertices.  4. The combined mount according to claim 1, characterized in that on the surface of the triangular base plates, an antifiltration coating of a polymeric material is made.  5. The combined fastening according to claim 1, characterized in that the triangular base plates are made with stiffeners, while the stiffeners are hinged and sealed at the joints of the plates.

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