RU2200688C2 - Method of emergency evacuation of passengers from aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aircraft rescue facilities. SUBSTANCE: aircraft has all-metal fuselage with passenger cabin inside it; passenger cabin is divided into sections by doorways which are hermetically closed in an emergency. Aircraft fuselage is provided with units for separation of passenger sections including parachutes. During evacuation of passengers, doorways are closed, aircraft fuselage is cut, passenger sections are separated and parachutes are deployed. EFFECT: enhanced safety; extended field of application. 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to aviation, means of rescuing passengers from an aircraft and can be used to create promising aircraft - with increased passenger safety.

 Analysis of aviation accidents shows that a modern approach to the safety of aircraft passengers should suggest the possibility of their evacuation from an aircraft in a crash in the altitude range from several tens of meters to several kilometers, smooth descent and soft landing, search and detection, vital functions before being detected by rescuers.

 A technical solution is known (US patent 4699336, class B 64 C 1/32, 244-140, 1987) for the design of an airplane with a detachable sealed passenger compartment, where the airplane contains a device for ejecting the passenger compartment from the fuselage of the main section when the aircraft is in emergency, and a device for smooth descent of the passenger compartment to the ground.

 The disadvantages of this technical solution are the weakening of the rigidity of the aircraft structure, the relative duration of the evacuation operations and the need for their mechanical implementation, which, as a rule, is impossible in real emergency situations.

 The purpose of the present invention is to expand the range of aircraft emergency situations in which the rescue of passengers and cargo becomes real.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the aircraft the passenger cabin is divided into sections with doorways, parachutes are placed in the upper part of the fuselage above the pilot's cabin and passenger sections, in the fuselage along its body and along the circumferences between the pilot's cabin, sections of the passenger cabin, tail section and elongated cumulative charges are placed in the places where the wings are fixed; during evacuation, they close the doorways of the sections of the passenger cabin and the pilot's cabin, explosive charges are carried out by cumulative charges ku fuselage, separating the tail portion, the wings, fuselage sections with a passenger, the aircraft cockpit, the lower parts of the fuselage segments to passenger sections disclose parachute parts fuselage sections and with passenger cockpit.

 The figure 1 shows the layout of the device devices - elongated cumulative charges for separating the tail, parts of the fuselage with passenger sections, the cockpit, the lower segments of the parts of the fuselage with passenger sections.

 The figure 2 shows a diagram of the separation of the rear, parts of the fuselage with passenger sections, the pilot's cabin of the aircraft.

 The figure 3 shows a diagram of the separation of the lower segment of the fuselage with the passenger section.

 The figure 4 shows a diagram of the descent of the fuselage with the passenger section by parachute.

 The fuselage of the aircraft 1 is made integral. The passenger compartment consists of one or more sections 2. Between each other, with the pilot's cabin and the tail section, the passenger sections 2 are connected by interfaced doorways 3, which in case of emergency are forcibly closed hermetically. In the upper part of the fuselage above the pilot's cabin 4 and passenger sections 2 there are cameras 5 with parachutes 6. In the fuselage along its body and along the circumferences between the pilot's cabin 4, passenger sections 2, tail section 8 (Fig. 1, 2) and in the attachment points the wings are placed device 7, providing separation (cutting) of the fuselage body (figure 2, 3). These can be built-in charges (cumulative, powder, pyro cartridge, etc.) of directional action, cutting the fuselage skin around the circumference and along the horizontal. For example, devices 7 can be elongated cumulative charges (KZU), the detonation of which (using an electric detonator) provides an almost instantaneous explosive cutting of the aircraft body.

 Consider an example emergency passenger evacuation scheme. Initially, an emergency alarm is declared, after which, depending on the available time reserve, doorways 3 are forcibly closed immediately or after a few seconds. Then, in a certain sequence, commands are given to trigger devices 7 that first cut off the tail section 8 from the fuselage (Fig. 2) and wings aircraft (not shown), and then sequentially from each other parts of the fuselage with passenger sections 2 to the pilot's cabin 4. This procedure for separating parts of the aircraft is caused by safety reasons Accurable capsules, taking into account the direction and speed of flight. Next, the devices 7 cut the lower segment 9 of the fuselage with the passenger section. The result of the operation of the devices 7 and the incoming air flow will be quick, in a split second after blasting, the release of the fuselage with the passenger section 2 from the lower segment 9 (figure 3). The separation of the lower segment 9 of the fuselage with the passenger section 2 is necessary to give section 2 stability when landing. At the command of the on-board computers located in each passenger section and taking into account the position of the fuselage parts with passenger sections 2 (Fig. 4) and the pilot's cabin 4 in space, parachutes 6 are displayed and the soft landing stage begins. In the bow of the aircraft, it is possible to seal the pilot's cabin 4, place a parachute of sufficient power to ensure its soft landing. It is possible to save the crew using bailouts.

Claims (1)

 A method for emergency evacuation of passengers from an airplane with a solid fuselage, where the passenger cabin is divided into sections with doorways, characterized in that the parachutes are placed in the upper part of the fuselage above the pilot's cabin and passenger sections, in the fuselage along its body and around the circumference between the pilot's cabin, sections passenger compartment, the tail part and in the places of attachment of the wings are placed elongated cumulative charges, during the evacuation close the doorways of the sections of the passenger compartment and the pilot's cabin, carry out with explosive charges, explosive cutting of the fuselage, separating the tail, wings, fuselage parts with passenger sections, the aircraft pilot cockpit, the lower segments of the fuselage parts with passenger sections, open the parachutes of the fuselage parts with passenger sections and the pilot cabin.

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