RU2200654C2 - Wrench-multiplier - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: tools for screwing and unscrewing stud (bolt) joints, practically in all branches of building industry and machine engineering. SUBSTANCE: wrench-multiplier for screwing and unscrewing nuts on (off) studs (bolts) with slit on their ends includes mechanism for increasing torque having combined by means of core pinion-shaft and driven gear wheel with head fit onto nut screwed on end of stud (bolt); member for fixing position of stud (bolt) in the form of polyhedron with pointed flat head inserted in slit of stud (bolt) and arranged along axis of core in through polyhedral opening. Such operation may be realized by one operator without holding stud (bolt) against cranking. EFFECT: enhanced technological effectiveness of screwing and unscrewing stud (bolt) joints in hard-to-reach places. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a tool for tightening and unscrewing hairpin (bolted) joints and can be used in any field of construction, including bridge building, as well as in the engineering industry, where there is a need for the application of large torques.

 When controlling the tightening of bolts, mainly high-strength ones, for example, in bridge structures, as a rule, manual torque or limit wrenches are used (Instructions on the technology for connecting high-strength bolts in steel bridge structures. VSN 163-69. M., 1970, p. 38- 41. Ministry of Railways of the USSR, Ministry of Transport of the USSR). In this case, the bolts from turning are held by ordinary locksmiths. In this case, in addition to creating an axial tightening in the bolt, the rod is twisted. Such tightening of bolts (studs) is neither technological nor rational, since the handle of a torque or limit wrench reaches 1.3 ... 1.8 m, and work is performed by a group of workers in the amount of at least three people. In hard-to-reach places, it is practically impossible to carry out controlled tightening with the proper quality. In bridge and other building structures, tens and sometimes hundreds of thousands of such bolts and studs have to be tightened. Therefore, it is obvious that a regulated tool cannot be considered optimal.

 To tighten critical threaded joints located in hard-to-reach places and at a height, use multiplier wrenches with a drive from yaw and ratchet wrenches (Assembly and installation of engineering products.-Reference / edited by V.S. Demin, P.P. Alekseenko / M.: Engineering, 1983, 1.2.S. 89). When using torque wrenches, torque wrenches are used with adjustable torque wrenches.

 However, the use of such wrenches does not exclude the need to keep the bolts from turning, and the twisting deformations of the rod remain the same as when tightening the bolts with the regulated torque or limit wrenches.

 The proposed multiplier wrench contains a torque increase mechanism. This mechanism includes a core gear shaft and a driven gear with a head put on a nut screwed onto the end of a stud (bolt) having a slot. The key also contains a locking pin (bolt). The latch is made in the form of a polyhedron with a pointed flat tip inserted into the slot of a stud (bolt). The latch is installed along the axis of the core in a through multifaceted hole. This design rigidly connects the end of the stud (bolt) with the core and thereby makes it possible to perceive the torque by the tensioned stud (bolt) and to keep it (it) from turning. Reactive torque can be perceived by the key housing when it rests on the part of the connected structure.

 In FIG. 1 shows a multiplier diagram, view BB; figure 2 - diagram of the multiplier, view aa.

 The multiplier key contains a gear shaft 1 with a socket for a key 3 of a lever dynamometric or limit key 4 and a driven gear 2 with a head 8. A shaft gear 1 and a driven gear 2 are joined by a core 5, in which the bearing 6 of the gear shaft 1 is located. the driven gear 2 is the outer lower surface of the core 5, the thrust disk 7 and the head 8 attached to the driven gear 2. A through multifaceted hole is located along the axis of the core, in which the pin 9 of the pin (bolt) is installed. The latch 9 has the shape of a polyhedron with a pointed flat tip inserted into the slot 10 at the end of the stud (bolt) 11 with a screwed nut 12, on which the head 8 is worn. The mechanism is partially covered by a casing 13 and raised on the supports 14. The casing 13 also serves as a stop.

 The operation of the multiplier key is as follows. With a torque wrench or limit wrench 4, the pinion shaft 1 is rotated, which rotates the driven gear 2 with the head 8 worn on a nut 12 screwed onto the end of the stud (bolt) 11. Thus, the stud (bolt) is tightened. Moreover, thanks to the latch 9, the pointed flat tip of which is inserted into the slot 10 of the stud (bolt), the rotation of this stud (bolt) does not occur.

 The proposed design of the multiplier wrench makes it possible to use a low-power and small-sized dynamometric or limit wrench 4 for tensioning the studs (bolts). In this case, the operation of tension is carried out by one worker. In terms of overall overall dimensions, the multiplier wrench can be used in almost all connections on high-strength studs and bolts, for example, in bridge structures.

 The effect consists in increasing the manufacturability of tightening and unscrewing the hairpin (bolted) joints mainly in hard-to-reach places where there is a need for the application of large torques. In this case, a tightening operation (unscrewing) can be carried out by one worker. There is no need to hold the studs (bolts) from turning.

Claims (1)

 A multiplier key for tightening and unscrewing nuts on studs (bolts) with a slot at the end, comprising a torque increase mechanism including a gear shaft and a driven gear combined with a core with a head put on a nut screwed onto the specified end of the stud (bolt), and also containing a pin (bolt) position lock, made in the form of a polyhedron with a pointed flat tip inserted into the slot of the pin (bolt) and mounted along the axis of the core in a through polyhedral hole.

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