RU2200103C2 - Device to increase locomotive wheels-to-rails adhesion - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices aimed at increasing traction force of locomotive by increasing adhesion of wheels with rails. Proposed device contains magnetizing coil wound on form which accommodates middle part of U-shaped magnetic circuit being arranged between ties in parallel to ties. Distance between side parts of U-shaped magnetic circuit is equal to distance between rails. Poles of side walls of magnetic circuit are connected to rails through electric insulating gaskets. Output leads of magnetizing coil are connected to output of supply unit which is connected to power network through unit automatically recording presence of locomotive on track skeleton. EFFECT: improved traction characteristics of locomotive. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to railway transport, in particular to devices designed to increase traction of a locomotive by increasing the adhesion of wheels to rails without increasing the axle load on the rails.

 All known devices of this type use electromagnets mounted on locomotives, the poles of which are the wheels of locomotives, which are attracted due to magnetic forces to the rails, increasing the adhesion of the latter to the wheels.

 The closest prototype for the present invention is a device in which on the axis of the wheelset of the electric locomotive there is a magnetizing winding made on a frame mounted on a trolley of an electric locomotive, the frame being located with gaps coaxially with the axis of the wheel pair and rolling bearings are installed on it located at the ends of the coil frame with the possibility of rotation of the axis of the wheelset inside it, which allows to increase the adhesion of the wheels of an electric locomotive with rails [1]. In this device, the core of the electromagnet is the axis of the wheel pair, and the poles of the core to which the rails are attracted are the wheels of this pair. Such a device has a number of significant disadvantages. One of them is the open circuit of the magnetic circuit (the axis of the wheelset — wheel — rails), which is involved in achieving a useful effect, and the other is the objective presence of a magnetic shunt due to the design of the electric locomotive, as a result of which part of the magnetic field of the coil is closed through this shunt, which is closed magnetic circuit, consisting of the structures of the trolley and axle boxes, which, ultimately, reduces the magnetic forces of attraction of the wheels and rails. Another disadvantage is the need for significant improvement of the electric locomotive to place the device on it.

 The aim of the invention is to improve the traction characteristics of the locomotive by increasing the adhesion of the wheels to the rails without increasing the axle load on the rails due to the direction of passage of the entire magnetic flux of the coil through the point of contact of the wheels with the rails.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the rail-sleeper grid on which the device is installed is connected to adjacent rail-sleeper grids by non-magnetic overlays, the magnetizing coil of the device is wound on a frame, inside of which is the middle part of the U-shaped magnetic circuit, the distance between the side parts of which is equal to the distance between the rails and which is located between the sleepers parallel to them, and the side parts of the magnetic circuit are connected with their poles through electrical insulating gaskets to the rails, both sintering a magnetic contact at the junction, and the power supply unit, to the output of which the terminals of the magnetizing coil are connected, is connected to the power supply network through the unit for automatically detecting the locomotive on rails of the rail-sleeper grid equipped with a device, generating an electric current in the magnetizing coil for the time required by the locomotive for Rails of this grate.

 Figure 1 shows a sketch of the device; figure 2 shows a sketch of a fragment of the device in an enlarged scale.

 The device consists of a magnetizing coil 1 made of an insulated wire wound on a frame 2, inside of which is placed the middle part 3 of a U-shaped magnetic circuit located between the sleepers 4 of the rail-sleeper grid (RShR), connected to adjacent rail-sleeper grids by non-magnetic plates 5. Side parts of the magnetic circuit 6, connected at their poles through electrical insulating gaskets 7 to the Rails rail 8, along which the wheels 9 of the locomotive move, mounted on the axis of the wheelset 10. Conclusions 11 of the magnetizing coil 1 connected to the output of the power supply unit 12, whose input is connected to a supply unit 13 via the network automatically register (BAR) 14 Address of the locomotive on the rails RSHR.

 The device operates as follows.

 When approaching the locomotive to the RCS equipped with the proposed device, the BAR 14 registers this fact and turns on the power supply unit 12, to the output of which the terminals 11 of the magnetizing coil 1 are connected. A working current starts to flow in coil 1, which creates a magnetic field whose magnetic field lines are closed along the following path: the middle part 3 and one of the lateral parts 6 of the U-shaped magnetic circuit, one of the rails 8 of the RCS, one of the wheels 9 of the locomotive, then partly through the axis of the wheelset 10, and partially through the structural elements of the truck komotiv and axle boxes, the second wheel 9, the second rail 8 RRS, the second side part 6 and the middle part 3 of the U-shaped magnetic circuit. Thus, the entire magnetic flux, closing, passes through the contact points of the rails 8 and the wheels 9, as a result of which in these places there is an additional pressing of the wheels to the rails due to their magnetization, which increases the adhesion between them. After the first locomotive of the locomotive passes the junction between the RNG rails, a similar device is switched on at the next RNR, and when the last locomotive wheel pair passes this junction, the device is disconnected in the RNR and the process continues until the whole section is overcome by the locomotive paths equipped with similar devices. Such a sequence of connecting devices on sections of the railway track is necessary, for example, when overcoming long, steep climbs by train, since if you do not disconnect devices on the LRS from locomotive sections of the track, the grip of the wheels with rails will increase for all wheel pairs of towed cars as they enter on the RCS equipped with devices, which will create an additional load for the locomotive.

The invention has the following advantages:
- the device can be used for all types and types of locomotives, including steam locomotives in all sections of railways where there is electricity;
- the magnetic field generated by the device acts simultaneously on all wheelsets of the locomotive;
- no special modifications of the rolling stock are required to use the device;
- due to the closure of the magnetic circuits, the fluxes of scattering of magnetic fields in the device are insignificant, which, ultimately, increases the efficiency of energy use;
- all parts and components of the device operate in a static state, which increases the reliability of their work and reduces operating costs;
- the ability to quickly assemble and disassemble the device without any reconstruction of the railway tracks does not require the attraction of significant financial and material resources.

 Given these advantages, we can conclude that the claimed invention meets the condition of "industrial applicability".

Sources of information
[1] Patent of the Russian Federation 2055748, cl. B 60 C 15/04, published 03/10/96, BI 7.

Claims (1)

 A device for increasing the adhesion of locomotive wheels to rails, comprising a power supply unit connected to the power supply network and a magnetizing coil, the terminals of which are connected to the output of the power supply unit, characterized in that the rail sleeper on which the device is mounted is connected to adjacent rail sleeper grids with non-magnetic overlays, The magnetizing coil of the device is wound on a frame, inside of which is located the middle part of the U-shaped magnetic circuit, the distance between the side parts of which equal to the distance between the rails, which is located between the sleepers parallel to them, and the side parts of the magnetic circuit are connected with their poles through the insulating gaskets to the rails, providing a magnetic contact at the junction, and the power supply unit, to the output of which the conclusions of the magnetizing coil are connected, is connected to the power supply network through unit for automatically locating a locomotive on rails of a sleeper rail equipped with a device, generating an electric magnet in the magnetizing coil cal current during the time required for the passage of the locomotive on the tracks of the grating.

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