RU2199665C1 - Process of development of tailing dump - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry, development of tailing dump of dressing mill. SUBSTANCE: area with certified content of wanted mineral component outlined within bounds of drained tailing dump is developed mechanically with the aid of tunnel shield employed to drive collectors under roads without disturbance of surface layer of ground. Separated certified sand is directed by hydraulic transport to dressing mill to recover mineral components. For prevention of impoverishment of extracted certified sands with fallen uncertified sand support is left temporarily in developed chamber which is removed after extraction of sand from working chamber. After removal of support developed space is filled with self-falling sands of tailing dump. EFFECT: decreased expenditure on recovery of wanted mineral components from certified sands of tailing damp. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mining, in particular to the development of dry tailings of processing plants.

 A known method for the development of tailings using quarry equipment - excavators, scraper plants, bulldozers and dump trucks (Yu. Yu. Rukavishnikov, V.Yu. Rukavishnikov "Research on technogenic deposits and technology for their development", Ugol magazine, 3, 1989, p. 16-20).

A known method for the development of a tailing dump by AS 1642016, M.C. ⁷ E 21 C 41/32, B.I. 14, 04/15/1991, adopted for the prototype, according to which mining is carried out in layers from top to bottom with strips of width equal to two radii of rotation of the body of the excavator with gross excavation of rich and poor sands of the tailings, loading them into vehicle and shipment to the processing plant.

The disadvantages of the known method of developing drained tailings are:
1 - gross excavation of the sands of the tailings, in which both conditioned and non-conditioned sands of the tailings are removed, which leads to a significant dilution of the conditioned sands of rich areas;
2 - significant costs for the extraction of useful components from diluted sand at the processing plant;
3 - the need to create new tailings for tailings after processing the extracted poor sands.

 The objective of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages, that is, reduce the cost of developing a tailing dump.

 The problem is solved in that in a method for developing a tailings pond, including mechanically mining the drained sands of the tailings pond and transporting them to an enrichment plant, they precontour a site with a conditional content of useful components and extend a mining trench from which a chamber mine of conditioned sands is mined using a heading shield that are sent by hydrotransport to an enrichment plant; simultaneously with the production, a support is made made of separate sections fastened together; after working off the working chamber, the shield is removed, leaving the lining in it, and the lining is removed from the previously worked out chamber, which is filled with self-collapsing substandard sands, and between it and the working chamber, one camera is secured by the lining.

 An analysis of the distribution of the heavy rich fractions of the tailings of the processing plant within the tailings pond shows that the heaviest rich fractions accumulate in the places where the tailings are drained from the boundary dam and the content of the useful component in the tailings decreases with distance from it. Thus, material segregation is observed within the tailings pond with the formation of local zones of conditioned ores with a content of useful components higher than the tailing pond average. Local zones of conditioned ores occur in the form of separate layers, layers, lenses.

The method is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1. a transverse vertical section is shown, FIG. 2. - longitudinal vertical section, figure 3 is a plan, the drawings show:
1 - pipeline for supplying water to the tunnel complex;
2 - conveying pipeline;
3 - lining sections;
4 - jack station;
5 - working body of the tunnel shield;
6 - sands with substandard content of useful components;
7 - sands with a conditioned content of useful components;
8 - mining trench;
9 - a chamber filled with collapsed substandard sands;
10 - waste chamber with lining;
11 - a working chamber.

 The method is as follows. A section of the tailing dump with a conditional content of useful components 7 is delineated and along its strike there is a trench 8 for installing a tunneling shield, for example, AVN of the German company Herreknecht GmbH, used for driving collectors with a diameter of 450 to 1500 mm and a length of up to 1.5 km without disturbing the surface layer of the earth . The destruction of the sand is carried out mechanically using a rotating head reinforced with solders made of solid metals, the working body 5 of the tunnel shield AVN. The tunnel shield is crushed into the layer of conditioned sands 7 by means of a powerful jack 4 installed in the trench 8. The force from the jack is transferred to the tunnel shield through the lining, consisting of separate sections of circular cross section 3.

 Simultaneously with the crushing of the lining sections 3 with a hydraulic jack 4, mechanical destruction of the sands by the working body 5 is carried out; mined sands enter the lining sections, where they are mixed with water flowing through pipeline 1, and the resulting pulp is transported through pipeline 2 to the concentration plant. The shield advances the length of the lining section, after which a new section builds up, and the production cycle is repeated. At the end of the mining chamber 10 proceed to mining the next chamber 11, and the lining sections of the previous spent chamber 10 are not removed and serve as lining, eliminating the dilution of the sands with air-conditioned content of useful components. The lining of the previous chamber 10 is removed only after the next chamber 11 has been completely worked out, after which the mined-out space of the chamber 10 is filled with collapsed substandard sands 9 of the tailing dump, that is, between the working chamber 11 and the chamber filled with substandard sands 9, one fixed chamber 10 is left.

 As a result of the application of the proposed method, selective development of tailings sands with the conditioned content of useful components is carried out, which will allow for the cost-effective development of man-made deposits of concentration plants.

Claims (1)

 A method for the development of a tailings pond, including the mechanical processing of the dried sands of the tailings pond and their transportation to an enrichment plant, characterized in that they preliminarily outline a section with a conditional content of useful components and extend a mining trench from which a conditioned sands are mined using a heading shield, which they are sent by hydrotransport to an enrichment plant; at the same time, lining is installed, made of separate fastened between the sections, after working off the working chamber, the shield is removed, leaving the lining in it, and the lining is removed from the previously worked out chamber, which is filled with self-collapsing substandard sands, and between it and the working chamber, one camera is secured by the lining.

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