RU2193084C2 - Switch replacement method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport; permanent way maintenance and repair. SUBSTANCE: all load-lifting operations are carried out by means of gantry lifts with telescopic rail grips installed on telescopic span beam equipped with rotary pivot. Gantry lifts are brought to place of work in assembled state with self-loading on vehicle on which they are turned through direct angle in plan. One and the same vehicles are used for transportation of new units ands those which are replaced. Gantry lifts are installed in zone of switches to be replaced and new switch unit is unloaded from vehicle, us lowered, and placed over unit to be replaced. Then they are connected by telescopic rail grips into one pack which is lifted, thus separating unit to be replaced from base. pack is shifted in cross direction through half of its width without getting beyond outlet of neighbor track and then, after disconnecting the pack, new unit is caught by rail grips, is shifted backwards and lowered near the unit to be replaced, then unit to be replaced is shifted and placed over new unit after which the units are again connected into pack which is shifted to center of base and is lifted into upper position. Then, after cleaning of base, pack is lowered onto base and old and new units are disconnected, rail joints of new unit are connected and unit to be replaced in lifted in upper position and the same vehicle is moved along restored track, and removed unit is loaded onto vehicle, with displacements of units carried out translationally. EFFECT: replacement of switches with provision of unobstructed motion of vehicles along adjacent tracks, with use of minimum working equipment. 2 cl, 18 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of railway transport and relates to methods for changing turnouts.

 There is a known method of changing turnouts, in which portal lifts are installed in the area of exchangeable switches, by means of which a block of changeable switches is lifted and transferred to an empty vehicle, and a block of a new turnout is removed from another vehicle and laid on the base [1].

 There is also a known method of changing turnouts, in which the gantry lifts are installed in front of the zone of the exchanged turnout, the blocks of which are lifted by the cantilever track stacker and moved to the installation zone of the gantry lifts, where this block left on the way is lifted by the gantry lift outside the size of the track stacker, and then served an empty vehicle is placed under the portal lifts, onto which the removed block is placed, and then a vehicle with a new block is fed under the portal lifts com, which is raised is transmitted to the console tracklayer and placed on the base [2].

 According to the largest number of common essential features for the prototype, the invention according to ed. St. USSR 767262 [2].

 Work equipment, including gantry lifts, is complemented by a cantilever track-laying machine and empty vehicles for loading interchangeable units, as well as for transporting gantry lifts, disassembled into parts to comply with transport dimensions.

 The disadvantage of this method [2] is, firstly, the need for a cantilever track-laying machine. The carrying capacity of such a track stacker is limited by the bearing capacity of both the rail track and the platforms manufactured by the industry.

 Secondly, the disadvantage is the need for a sufficient number of empty vehicles, which is associated with the time spent on maneuvering the trains or a single train. In the latter case, due to its length and corresponding length of maneuvers, the unified composition of vehicles occupies a large section of the track and a large number of turnouts at the junction stations necessary for the movement of trains.

 Thirdly, the transition to the use of enlarged turnout blocks and working with them in a known manner requires an artificial increase in the rigidity of elongated, and therefore more flexible blocks, which are often impossible to separate from the base without damage, without using special long and heavy traverses, which requires a significant increase in the carrying capacity of working equipment.

 Fourth, the installation of gantry lifts according to the known method [2] can lead to the closure of the adjacent path.

 In this case, the overlap time is of importance, which, with the width of the portal lifts unchanged, lasts from the moment of their installation to dismantling (according to the standards, 3-4 hours). While the travel time of the widest (only) block by the cantilever track-laying machine under the gantry lifts, followed by leaving the block on the way, as well as the reverse sequence of these operations, takes 3-4 minutes according to the same standards. At the same time, the length of the block beams at the locations of the racks of the portal lifts during these operations is less than their maximum length. However, this difference in the length of the bars is not used to reduce the width of the portal lifts during the implementation of the method.

 Fifth, for transporting wide, and therefore not large, gantry lifts used according to the known method [2], you need either a special vehicle capable of translating the gantry lifts into the transport position in compliance with the transport dimensions, or disassembling them into dimensional parts.

 The task arises is to create such a way of changing switches, in which the smallest possible amount of working equipment will be involved in the work process and which will ensure unhindered movement along the neighboring path. To implement this method, the working equipment must have a higher carrying capacity, reliability, be safe during work and more productive.

 The problem is solved in that in the known method of changing turnouts, including operations for removing, moving and transporting interchangeable and unloading, moving and laying new blocks of turnouts using portal lifts and vehicles, moreover, before laying new blocks, the base of the track is cleaned, all lifting operations are carried out using gantry lifts with telescopic rail grips mounted on a telescopic span beam equipped with a supporting fifth heel that are transported to the place of work entirely with self-loading onto a vehicle on which they are turned in a plan at a right angle, the same vehicles are used to transport interchangeable and new blocks, portal lifts are installed in the change zone of turnouts, then they are unloaded from the vehicle of the new block, which is taken by the telescopic rail grips of the gantry lift, and after the vehicle leaves, they are laid on top of the replaced block and the rails are connected with their grippers in one package, which they lift, separating the unit to be replaced from the base, and move the package in the transverse direction to half its width without entering the size of the adjacent path, after which, separating the package, take a new block with rail grippers and move it in the opposite direction and lowered next to the interchangeable, then move the interchangeable unit and put it on top of the new one and reconnect them in a package, which is moved to the center of the base and raised to the upper position, then after cleaning the base, the package is lowered and disconnected t, connect the rail joints of the new block, raise the replaceable block to the upper position, and then feed the same vehicle with the vacant place along the restored path and load the replaceable block onto it, while all the movements of the blocks are carried out translationally.

 To expand the front of simultaneously performed work, portal lifts are installed simultaneously along the entire length of the turnout, while the blocks are connected in series with each other when unloading from vehicles and disconnected during loading.

 The proposed method will reduce the amount of working equipment used by eliminating the cantilever track layer and the use of the same means for transport work with blocks.

 Transportation of the portal lifts as a whole with self-loading and self-unloading from the vehicle, with a right angle on it, allows using a generally accessible vehicle - a typical railway platform and eliminating the need for lifting equipment for mounting, dismounting during installation and for disassembling to large-sized parts when transporting portal lifts.

 At the same time, there are no restrictions on the carrying capacity of the portal lifts and the possibility of an unhindered transition to the enlarged blocks of turnouts opens up.

 The unloading of new blocks, carried out after the installation of the portal lifts, a new sequence of operations with replaceable and new blocks will eliminate the need for empty vehicles, which will halve the vehicles, reduce the length of the maneuvering area and the time spent on maneuvering.

 Laying a new block on top of the replaceable one and combining them into one package will make it possible to increase the rigidity of the replaceable unit several times and reliably, without damage, separate it from the base.

 Transverse movements of blocks and a package will allow them to swap blocks without their longitudinal movements for the necessary laying of a new block on the way, and the replaced one on the vehicle and, in addition, to minimize the possibility of blocking the adjacent path.

 The simultaneous installation of portal lifts along the entire length of the turnout switch, at which their subsequent rearrangement is not provided, will increase the productivity of changing the turnouts as a whole and, in the operation of cleaning the base, to compare it with the productivity by the known method [2]. The number of simultaneously installed portal lifts can be reduced by increasing their carrying capacity and the use of long traverses. This contributes to the transition to enlarged blocks of turnouts.

 In FIG. 1 to 18 are diagrams of technological operations of the claimed method of changing turnouts: FIG. 1 - transportation of portal lifts to the installation site; FIG. 2 - installation of portal lifts with self-unloading them from the vehicle; FIG. 3 - supply by the vehicle of a new unit under the portal lifts; FIG. 4 - removal of vehicles from the area of the portal lifts, lowering the new block and laying it on top of the replaceable block, connecting the blocks into one package with telescopically extendable rail grippers; FIG. 5 - raising the package with the separation of the interchangeable unit from the base and again lowering the package to the base; FIG. 6 - extension of the telescopic racks to the side and lowering their ends to the side of the path; FIG. 7 - moving the package to half its width; FIG. 8 - moving the new unit in the opposite direction and laying next to replaceable; FIG. 9 - capture of the replaced unit, moving, overlay on top of a new and again connecting the blocks into a package; FIG. 10 - lifting the package, moving to the center of the base and lowering on it, returning the telescopic racks to their previous position; FIG. 11 - lifting the package to the upper position, cleaning the base with a bulldozer; FIG. 12 - lowering the package to the base, securing the rail joints of the new block; FIG. 13 - lifting the interchangeable unit to the upper position; FIG. 14 - feed on the restored path of the vehicle and loading onto it a replaceable unit; FIG. 15 - submission under the portal lifts of a typical vehicle and self-loading portal lifts on it; FIG. 16 - installation of portal lifts over the next turnout unit; FIG. 17, 18 - installation along the entire length of the turnout switch of a reduced number of portal lifts.

 The claimed method of changing turnouts is as follows (Fig. 1 - 18).

 On the way 1 to the point of changing the turnout 2, portal gantries 3 are transported, having telescopic racks, a telescopic span beam and telescopic rail grips and a supporting swing heel mounted on it, loaded onto a general-purpose vehicle - a railway platform 4, as well as loaded onto a special transport means 5 new blocks 6 of turnout 2. Gantry lifts 3 on platform 4 are turned from the transport position to a right angle in plan and by self-unloading with the platforms 4 lower the telescopic racks of the portal lifts 3, install them on the roadsides above the removable block 7 and raise the telescopic span beams of the portal lifts 3 to the upper position. On the vehicle 5, the new block 6 is turned from an inclined to a horizontal position and fed under the portal lifts 3. The portal lifts with their telescopic rail grippers take the new block 6, raise to the upper position and after leaving the vehicle 5 lower it onto the removable block 7 and connect both blocks into one package 6, 7 with telescopically extendable rail grippers 8. The package 6, 7 is raised to a height sufficient to completely separate the replaceable unit 7 from the base 9, and again lowered to the base. Then the telescopic racks 10 of the gantry lift are placed to the required width and the package 6, 7 is progressively moved in the transverse direction to a distance of half the width of the block 7, without going into the size of the adjacent path, and lowered to the base 9 and the roadside. After that, take a new block 6 with rail grippers 8, translationally move them in the opposite direction and lower them next to the removable block 7. Then take a replaceable block 7 with rail grippers 8, lay on top of the new block 6 and reconnect them into a bag 6, 7, which is moved to the center of the base 9, return the telescopic strut 10 to its previous position and raise the span beam 11 with the rotary heel 12 together with the package 6, 7 in the upper position. At the same time, the new unit 6 located under the removable unit 7 acts as a safety grill, preventing the accidental fall of worn parts of the removable unit 7.

 After that, the base 9 is cleaned with bulldozers 13 and after stripping the package 6, 7 is lowered, the rail joints of the new block 6 are connected and the replaceable block 7 is raised to the upper position. Then served on the restored path 1 the same vehicle 5 with the vacant seat and load on it in a horizontal position replaceable unit 7 by lowering the span beam 11.

 After that, platform 4 is fed under the portal lifts, rearranged with self-loading and self-unloading in a new place above the next removable unit 7 and the described cycle of operations is repeated.

 To expand the front of simultaneously performed work, portal lifts 3 are installed along the entire length of the switch 2 (Fig. 17).

 To reduce the number of portal lifts 3, increase their carrying capacity, provide long traverses 14 with rail grips 8 and switch to the use of enlarged switch blocks 2.

 At the same time, the switch blocks are changed by portal lifts 3 simultaneously in the described order, except for unloading and loading operations on vehicles 5, which are performed as follows.

 Since the location of the blocks on the vehicles 5 according to the distance between them does not correspond to the arrangement of the portal lifts 3, the unloading and loading of the blocks are carried out one at a time, while supplying the next block or place for the block by the movement of the vehicle 5 along the path 1, connecting in series with integral or disconnecting turnout blocks.

 The transportation of the portal lifts 3 is carried out in the following order.

 To do this, use a typical railway platform, on which the gantry lift 3 is lowered by the span beam 11, using the swinging heel 12 as a support. Raise the telescopic racks 10 above the level of the platform and then rotate the gantry lift 3 in plan into a right angle and fix it on the platform. Thus, they ensure that the gantry lifters fit into the transport envelope. Gantry lift is unloaded in the reverse order. With an asymmetric arrangement of the portal elevator 3 relative to the platform 4, it is centered, that is, they achieve alignment of the rotary heel with the center of the platform, by stepwise moving the portal elevator 3 with alternating support on the platform (rotary fifth) and on the path (telescopic racks), alternating with the movement of sections of the telescopic span mechanism 11.

 Thus, the proposed method will allow, using the smallest amount of working equipment, to ensure the process of changing turnouts without stopping traffic on an adjacent path with accelerated and safe execution of work.

Sources of information
1. US patent 3425359, CL. 104-2, publ. 1969.

 2. Copyright certificate of the USSR 767262, cl. E 01 B 29/02, 1968 - prototype.

Claims (2)

 1. A method of changing turnouts, including operations for removing, moving and transporting interchangeable and unloading, moving and stacking new blocks of turnouts using lifting and transport vehicles, moreover, before laying new blocks, the base of the track is cleaned, characterized in that all lifting and lifting work lead with the help of portal lifts with telescopic rail grippers mounted on a telescopic span beam equipped with a supporting rotary heel, which are the protractor they are driven to the place of work entirely with self-loading onto a vehicle on which they are turned in a plan at a right angle, the same vehicles are used to transport interchangeable and new blocks, gantry lifts are installed in the change zone of turnouts, then new cargo is unloaded from the transport the block, which is lowered, stacked on top of the replaced one and connected by telescopic rail grippers in one package, which is lifted to separate the replaced unit from the base, and the package is moved in a transverse pressure up to half its width, without going into the dimension of the adjacent path, after which, separating the package, take a new block with rail grippers, move it in the opposite direction and lower it next to the replaced one, then move the replaceable block and lay it on top of the new one and reconnect them in the package, which is moved to the center of the base and raised to the upper position, then after stripping the base, the package is lowered and disconnected, the rail joints of the new block are connected, and the replaceable block is raised to the upper position, after which it is restored the same vehicle, and replaceable unit is loaded onto it, while all the movements of the blocks are carried out progressively.  2. The method of changing switches according to claim 1, characterized in that the portal lifts are installed simultaneously along the entire length of the switch, while the blocks are connected in series with each other when unloading from a vehicle and disconnected during loading.

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