RU2192145C2 - Method and matrix device for producing product from raw food - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food production. SUBSTANCE: source product is milled, mixed up, and wetted to obtain product mass which is conveyed under pressure to forming section of matrix device. product mass and its energy carrier are then moved in next section of matrix device over parallel isolated channels without mixing. In next section of matrix device product mass and energy carrier are also conveyed over parallel channels isolated from each other or interconnected depending on type of energy carrier. Food additives are admitted through additional channels to product mass moving over forming channels in outlet section. After that product mass is milled followed by final forming of ready product. Matrix device used for the purpose is multisection composite unit that has forming section whereto milled and mixed-up product mass is conveyed under pressure, and also next two intermediate sections and outlet section which are built of flat members locked in position relative to one another with aid of locking pins. Flat members are provided with parallel channels for passing product mass expanding in section towards outlet and energy-carrier channels. Outlet section has in addition channels for introducing food additives and ingredients into product mass; channels carrying product mass run through entire length of each section. Proposed device provides for continuous and uniform feeding and processing of product mass. EFFECT: provision for maintaining desired flavor and elasticity of product in the form of finely dispersed mass of uniform structure. 3 cl, 14 dwg, 2 ex

Description

 The invention relates to the production of food products and can be used in the production of pasta, meat, poultry, fish processing industries, as well as in the manufacture of confectionery products, food products from vegetables, fruits and berries.

 Known solutions for obtaining a molded product from high quality raw materials of animal origin and a monolithic structure, resulting in the production of finished products (Collection of recipes for dishes and culinary products for catering establishments. M: Economics, 1982, pp. 66-68; description to the patent of the Russian Federation 2037307, class A 23 L 1/31, published on 06/19/95; description of the copyright certificate of the USSR 1824163, class A 23 L 1/31, published on 06/30/93).

 The disadvantages of these decisions include the fact that there are certain restrictions on the grade of the raw materials used, and for the production of products using these technologies, high energy costs and a large amount of expensive production equipment are required.

 Known installations for the production of a molded product from raw cereals, resulting in products in the form of pasta, noodles, etc. (description of the patent of the Russian Federation 2070800, class A 21 C 3/04, published. 12/27/96; G.M. Medvedev, I.V. Arzhanova, V.T. Semko, L.I. Reichstadt "High-temperature molding of pasta through heated matrices TSNIITEI bakery products, 1990; description of US patent 4415323, CL A 21 3/04, published. 1983).

 The disadvantages of these solutions include the uneven heating of the forming part of the matrix as a result of the installation of the heating element on the outer part of the holder of the matrix, as well as the low efficiency of the heating element. In one embodiment, thermal heating is performed in a screw device, as a result of which the dough is overheated and its physicochemical properties change.

 The closest analogues to the invention according to the technical essence and the achieved result are the methods of obtaining the product and equipment on which this method is implemented, while various types of heating devices can be used, but they are mainly located on the test receiver or inside it, or overhead on the molding matrix, or in the form of a coil in the matrix itself (G.M. Medvedev "Technology of pasta production", M.: Kolos, 1998; VV Lukyanov "Technology of pasta production", M .: Pishchepr mizdat, 1959 .; NI Nazarov "Technology pasta", M .: Food Industry, 1978). Known solutions have drawbacks both in the method of producing the product and in the devices with which it is implemented.

 First of all, it should be noted that in the production of a product from various raw materials, technological processes have sharp differences, which are due to the type of matrix device and the way in which heat is supplied and removed from the mass of the product.

 The technical result of the present invention is the creation of a method and device for continuous and uniform supply and processing of a product mixture, ensuring the preservation of taste and elasticity of the product mixture in the form of a finely mixed mixed mass with a uniform structure.

 The above technical result is achieved in that in the method for producing a product from food raw materials, the feedstock is crushed, mixed and moistened to obtain a mass of product, which is supplied under pressure to the molding section of the matrix device, while in the next section of the matrix device, the mass of the product and the energy carrier do not move mixing, along parallel isolated channels, in the next section of the matrix device, the mass of the product and the energy carrier also move along parallel channels, which olirovany from each other or interconnected, depending on the type of energy source, and in the output section of the matrix device to the product mass, which moves along the forming channel is fed by additional channels supplements.

 In a preferred embodiment, after the outlet section, the mass of the product is crushed, followed by final molding of the finished product.

 It is advisable to use hot or cooling liquid, or water vapor, or hot or chilled air, or hot or chilled gas as an energy carrier.

 The specified technical result in terms of the device is achieved by the fact that the matrix device for producing the product from food raw materials, characterized in that it is made of a multi-sectional composite unit and contains a forming section, into which the crushed and mixed mass of the product is fed under pressure, as well as the next, subsequent output sections, consisting of flat elements, which are fixed relative to each other by pin clamps, while parallel elements for the mass of products are made in the flat elements an outlet with an increasing section to the outlet and channels for the energy carrier, and the output section additionally contains channels for introducing additives and components into the product mass, the channels for the product mass being made along the entire length of each section, and the channels for the energy carrier being equal in length to several sections or shorter individual section lengths.

 Energy channels can be connected in parallel or in series.

 In the subsequent and output sections, the channels for the mass of the product and the channels for the energy carrier can be interconnected by microchannels or slots.

 In a preferred embodiment, the flat elements are made of metal, or heat-resistant plastic, or glass, or ceramic, or composite materials, or are made of reinforced.

 The next, subsequent and output sections can be connected to a microwave or VHF installation waveguide.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a matrix device for producing a product from food raw materials, attached to a screw press;
figure 2 - a typical section of the matrix device;
figure 3 - the upper and lower covers of the sections;
figure 4 - the upper plate sections;
figure 5 - the middle plate sections;
figure 6 - the bottom plate of the sections;
7 is a diagram of a parallel connection of energy channels in sections;
in FIG. 8 is a diagram of a series connection of energy carrier channels in sections;
figure 9 is a cross-section on ABVGD in figure 3;
figure 10 - serial connection of the energy channels;
figure 11 is a parallel connection of energy channels;
on Fig - matrix unit with a truncated output section;
in Fig.13 - matrix block with a rotary output section and a waveguide from a microwave installation is connected to the next section;
on Fig - matrix block, in the output section of which is made a mixer and an additional forming device.

 The matrix device 1 (Fig. 1) is intended to produce a product from food raw materials (meat of animals or poultry or fish or protein seafood or vegetables or fruits or berries or cereal crops (flour)). The prepared feed is crushed M1, mixed and moistened mass of product M2.

 The matrix device (block) is connected to the screw press 2, into the hopper 3 of which the crushed raw material M1 enters and with the help of the screw device 4 it is mixed, while liquid is introduced into the raw material. The result is a mass of raw materials, crushed to a given particle size, given humidity and hardness, uniformly mixed.

 The matrix device consists of a matrix forming section 5, the next section 6, the subsequent section 7, the output section 8, an additional forming device 9, at the output of which the finished product M3 is obtained.

 The sections of the device 1 are connected in a single multisectional unit and each of the next and subsequent sections can consist of one or several parts, and part of figure 2 consists of the upper 10 and lower 16 covers, in which grooves 11 are made for the coupling bolts and underwater are installed in them 12 and branch (not shown in figure 2) fittings. Each part of sections 6, 7 and 8 consists of an upper plate 13, middle plates 14 and a lower plate 15. The whole part is pulled together by bolts 17. An underwater chamber 18 is made in the covers 10 and 16 (Fig. 3), and the upper cover is made through this chamber energy is supplied, and in the bottom cover through this chamber, the energy is removed.

 In the upper plate 13 (Fig. 4 (2)), grooves 19 are made for the mass of the product and grooves 20 for the energy carrier, to which the energy carrier enters through channels 21 from the chamber 18 (Fig. 3).

 In the middle plates 14 (Fig. 5 (2)), grooves 22 for the product mass and grooves 23 for the energy carrier are made, while depending on the connection scheme of the energy channels, the connecting channels 24 can be either at the beginning of the groove or at the end.

 The grooves 19 for the product mass and the grooves 20 for the energy carrier when the upper plate 13 is joined to the middle plate 14 (Fig. 5 (2)) form channels with grooves 22 and 23 along which the product mass moves and the energy carrier flows. Channels for the mass of the product are made along the entire length of the section. In the lower plate 15 (Fig. 6 (2)), grooves 25 for the mass of the product and grooves 26 for the energy carrier, which are connected through the channels 27 to the chamber 18 in the bottom cover 16 (Fig. 2), are also made.

 The energy channels in the next 6 and subsequent 7 sections (Fig. 1) of the matrix device can be interconnected in parallel (Fig. 7) or in series (Fig. 8) switching circuits. The cross sections of the channels for the product mass in all sections of the matrix device from the input of the product mass to the section to its output increase.

 The organization of part of the section and some combination of its assembly are presented in Fig.9.

 The parallel connection circuit of the energy channels (Fig. 7) can be performed during the assembly of the next and subsequent sections, for example, as shown in Fig. 10, and the series connection circuit of the energy channels (Fig. 8) - as shown in Fig. 11.

 The energy channels and product mass channels in the next section are isolated from each other, and in the subsequent and output sections of the device, the product mass and energy channels can be interconnected by additional microchannels, or slots, or slots.

 Flat elements 13, 14, 15 (FIG. 2) in the next 6, subsequent 7 and 8 output sections of the matrix device 1 (FIG. 1) can be made of metal, or bronze, or stainless steel, or brass, or heat-resistant plastic, or glass, or ceramics, or composite materials, or are made reinforced and fixed with pins.

 The output section 8 with an additional forming device 9 (figure 1) can be performed in several ways.

 In the output section, the forming device 34 is truncated (Fig. 12) with respect to the section axis at a certain angle, as a result of which the channels for the product mass are obtained in different lengths. An intermediate chamber 35 is provided between the outlet section and the forming device, into which mineral oil or an emulsion of food additives is supplied.

 The forming device 36 (Fig.13) of the output section 8 (Fig.1) can be performed, for example, at an angle or with rotation, and the next 6, subsequent 7 and the output section (Fig. 1) are connected to the waveguide 37, which is connected to A microwave installation 38 and an energy absorber 39. Edible mineral oil is supplied to the chamber 40.

 In the output section 8 (Fig. 1), before the forming device 9, a mixing device 41 (Fig. 14) can be made, which is connected by means of a transmission element 42 to a drive 43, for example, an electric motor.

 A method of obtaining a product from food raw materials is as follows.

 As food raw materials can be used cereals (flour from wheat, corn, rice, etc. or bran), meat of animals or poultry, or fish, or protein seafood, or vegetables, or fruit and berry crops.

 The process of obtaining the product is performed in the following way.

 Grinding of the raw material M1 is carried out, which is fed to the drive 3 and, using the screw 4, located in the screw device 2, is transported to the matrix device 1. During the transportation process, the product mass is moistened, for example, to a moisture content of 27-32%, hardness, with the formation of fine homogeneous mass of the product M2. This mass of product M2 is supplied under pressure to the forming matrix 5 of figure 1 of the matrix device 1. Depending on the type and type of the final finished product, the forming matrix 5 may be absent, and the molding of the mass of the product may be performed in other sections. The expanding channels of the mass of the product in the next 6, subsequent 7 and output 8 sections allow you to reduce the pressure in the mass of the product at the inlet of the forming matrix 5.

Depending on the type and type of the finished product, the thermal operating conditions of the sections are selected, for example, in the range from 45 ÷ 120 ^o C, and the pressure at the inlet to the forming matrix, for example, in the range from 0.4 to 1.2 MPa. During the technological process of production of the finished product, the thermal conditions in the sections are performed and maintained due to the energy carrier, which is supplied to the channels of the sections. The cross sections of the channels of the mass of the product and the energy carrier can vary both in shape and in size. Channels can be round, rectangular, etc. shapes, and the ratio of the dimensions of the passage sections can vary, i.e. these sections can be, for example, such as these sizes of the sections are the same, or the sizes of the sections of the channels of the mass of the product are larger than the sizes of the sections of the channels of the energy carrier, or less.

 Hot water or hot steam, or hot mineral oil, etc. can be used as heating energy carriers, and cold water or refrigerants pre-cooled in refrigeration units can be used as cooling energy carriers.

 The next 6, subsequent 7 and output 8 sections of the matrix device 1 can be connected to a microwave or VHF installation waveguide, which provides, in addition to heating the sections, bacterial processing of the product mass. The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

 Example 1

 For the preparation of pasta, flour is mixed with water. As flour, a mixture of premium and first grade wheat flour is used with a ratio of premium grade wheat flour to first grade wheat flour (2.5-7.5) ÷ (2.5-7.5), and the amount of flour is calculated so that the humidity of the mixture when mixing the components was 28-30%.

 Then the dough is kneaded by processing the resulting mixture in a screw mixer until a homogeneous mixture is achieved. The speed of rotation of the screw during kneading is set in the range from 18 to 25 rpm

The resulting dough is directed to pressing, which is carried out under a pressure of 104-125 bar. Pressing is carried out through a molding matrix or die to obtain product blanks. The blanks are dried in three stages; in the next section at a temperature of 97-98 ^o C, inlet 92-95 ^o C; on the subsequent section at a temperature of 72-85 ^o C and on the output section at a temperature of 27-28 ^o C, and cooling is carried out by oil or emulsion.

 Example 2

Muscle tissue with a humidity of 45%, obtained from cattle, in the amount of 80 wt.%, Which is previously subjected to cooking in water at a temperature of 100 ^o C for 3-4 minutes, is taken as the starting material. Then the mass of the product is crushed. Mixing, moisturizing and introducing soy isolate is carried out in a screw device, then, under pressure, the mass of the product enters the forming matrix. Drying is carried out in the next and subsequent sections, with the next section maintaining a temperature of 70 ^o C, and the next - 100-120 ^o C; in the next section, the introduction of food additives is possible. The final section produces crushing of the mass of the product and the final molding of the finished product.

Claims (3)

 1. A method of obtaining a product from food raw materials, characterized in that the feedstock is crushed, mixed and moistened to obtain the mass of the product, which is fed under pressure to the molding section of the matrix device, while in the next section of the matrix device, the mass of the product and the energy carrier move without mixing , along parallel isolated channels, in the subsequent section of the matrix device, the mass of the product and energy carrier also move along parallel channels, and in the output section of the matrix device to the weight of the product, which moves along the forming channel is fed by additional channels supplements.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that after the output section the mass of the product is crushed, followed by the final molding of the finished product.  3. A matrix device for producing a product from food raw materials, characterized in that it is made of a multi-sectional composite block and contains a forming section into which the crushed and mixed mass of the product is fed under pressure, as well as the next, subsequent and output sections, consisting of flat elements, which are fixed relative to each other by pin clamps, while in the flat elements parallel channels are made for the mass of the product with a section increasing towards the outlet and channels for the energy carrier, and the output section additionally contains channels for introducing additives and components into the product mass, and channels for the product mass are made along the entire length of each section.

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