RU2191979C1 - Process of launch of guided artillery projectile and artillery complex for its realization - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: artillery armament. SUBSTANCE: process of launch of guided artillery projectile with driving sliding belt from rifled barrel of gun consists in formation of pressure of gases in space behind projectile and in travel of projectile along barrel of gun. Additional pressure of gases which acts on front butt of driving belt is created in space of barrel in front of driving belt. Given process of launch of guided artillery projectile is realized with the use of complex of guided artillery armament comprising artillery gun with rifled barrel, propelling charge and guided projectile with driving sliding belt placed in annular groove of projectile. Space formed by internal surface of bore, external surface of projectile and front butt of driving belt communicates with space behind projectile by means of hole made in driving belt. Cross-section area of driving belt is determined by formula given in description of invention. EFFECT: reduced angular speed of projectile in bore of gun. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to defense technology, and more specifically to artillery guided weapons.

 Known artillery shells stabilized on the flight path along the "course" and "yaw" of the gyroscopic moment along the "roll". The shells acquire angular velocity relative to their longitudinal axis (~ 20,000 rpm) in the channel of the rifled gun barrel due to the interaction of their leading girdle (shutter) with the rifling of the barrel, made on the inner surface of the barrel channel along the helical line. However, for firing a guided artillery shell from a rifled gun barrel, the angular velocity of the projectile must be reduced to 7-15 r / s, because known projectile control systems can only function at such angular velocities.

 A known method of launching a guided artillery shell with a sliding lead belt from a rifled gun barrel, which consists in creating gas pressure in the projectile space and moving the projectile along the gun barrel, is implemented in the well-known Russian high-explosive fragmentation projectile ZOF39 (see "152OF64 3VOF64 shot (3ВО93) ) with a 3OF39 high-explosive fragmentation projectile and a charge of 1 (reduced variable charge). Technical description and instruction manual 3ВОФ64.00.00.000ТО (3ВОФ93.00.00.000ТО) ", Moscow, Military Publishing House, 1990, Fig. 5 on page . 14 and chapter 5 on page 6).

 The task of obtaining the necessary revolutions of the above projectile in the barrel channel is solved by installing its leading belt in the annular groove of the projectile with the possibility of rotation relative to its longitudinal axis. Such a shutter is called "sliding", because when interacting with the rifling of the barrel, it slides relative to the projectile and gives it an angular velocity less than its own.

 From experience in the development of guided artillery shells, it is known that during the launch process, propellant propellant gases act on the rear end of the “sliding” leading belt and projectile, as a result of which they begin to move along the bore, while the leading belt interacts with the rifling of the barrel and acquires an angular speed. At the same time, the leading belt is pressed with its front end against the front wall of the annular groove of the projectile and, due to friction, partially reports (since it slips) the angular velocity of the projectile. To obtain the necessary angular velocity of the projectile in each case, design and experimental testing is carried out to determine the materials, geometric parameters, surface roughness of the driving belt and the projectile annular groove, achieving a certain area of contact surfaces of the projectile annular groove with a sliding driving belt (shutter) and their specific effort contact.

 However, experience shows that it is not always possible to reduce the speed of a particular projectile to the required level in this way, because the minimum area of the above contacting surfaces is determined from the condition of ensuring the structural strength and it does not always correspond to the area providing the minimum angular velocity of the projectile at the exit from the barrel.

 The objective of the proposed technical solution is to reduce the angular velocity of a guided artillery shell in the channel of a rifled gun barrel.

 This problem is solved by the proposed method of launching a guided artillery shell with a sliding leading belt from the rifled gun barrel, which consists in creating gas pressure in the projectile space, moving the projectile along the gun barrel and creating additional pressure in the process of moving the projectile along the gun barrel in front of the leading belt gases, which acts on the front end of the driving belt.

где Sn - площадь поперечного сечения ведущего пояска;
γ - потребная угловая скорость снаряда (величина задается исходя из требований, предъявляемых системой управления снаряда);
I_x - момент инерции снаряда относительно его продольной оси;
k - интегральный коэффициент трения (из расчетов и результатов испытаний для широкого круга разработанных снарядов k≈0,04÷0,06);
V_o - стартовая скорость снаряда;
М - масса снаряда;
P_o - давление газов в полости перед ведущим пояском снаряда;
Р - давление газов в заснарядном пространстве;
R - радиус трения ведущего пояска по передней стенке кольцевой проточки снаряда;
R=0,5(R₁+R₂), где
R₁ - наружный радиус кольцевой проточки снаряда;
R₂ - внутренний радиус ведущего пояска;
S_к - площадь контакта переднего торца ведущего пояска с передней стенкой кольцевой проточки снаряда;
Sc - площадь поперечного сечения снаряда по ведущему пояску;
S_к = 0,5π(R $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{1}}$ -R $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{2}}$ ), где π=3,14.The proposed launch method can be implemented using a complex of guided artillery weapons, consisting of an artillery gun with a rifled barrel, a projectile charge and a guided projectile with a sliding guiding belt located in the annular groove of the projectile, while the cavity formed by the inner surface of the barrel channel, the outer surface of the projectile and the front the end face of the leading belt is communicated with the opening space in the opening made in the leading belt, and the cross-sectional area of the leading belt ska is determined by the formula

where Sn is the cross-sectional area of the leading belt;
γ is the required angular velocity of the projectile (the value is set based on the requirements of the projectile control system);
I _x is the moment of inertia of the projectile relative to its longitudinal axis;
k is the integral coefficient of friction (from calculations and test results for a wide range of developed shells k≈0.04 ÷ 0.06);
V _o - the starting velocity of the projectile;
M is the mass of the projectile;
P _o - gas pressure in the cavity in front of the leading belt of the projectile;
P is the gas pressure in the projectile space;
R is the radius of friction of the leading belt along the front wall of the annular groove of the projectile;
R = 0.5 (R ₁ + R ₂ ), where
R ₁ is the outer radius of the annular groove of the projectile;
R ₂ is the inner radius of the leading belt;
S _to - the contact area of the front end of the leading belt with the front wall of the annular groove of the projectile;
Sc is the cross-sectional area of the projectile along the leading belt;
S _k = 0.5π (R $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{1}}$ -R $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{2}}$ ), where π = 3.14.

 Figure 1 presents a complex of guided artillery weapons, and figure 2 - elements of its design in an enlarged view.

 The proposed method of launching a guided artillery shell with a sliding leading belt from the rifled gun barrel, which consists in creating gas pressure in the projectile space, moving the projectile along the gun barrel and creating additional gas pressure acting on the front end of the leading belt, allows to reduce the angular velocity of the projectile due to reduce the contact force of the leading belt with the front wall of the annular groove. The proposed complex guided artillery weapons consists of an artillery gun with a rifled barrel 1, a propelling charge 2, a guided projectile 3 with a sliding lead belt 4, located in the annular groove 5, the cavity 6 formed by the inner surface of the barrel 1, the outer surface of the projectile 3 and the front end the leading belt 4, in communication with the projection space 7, an opening 8 made in the leading belt 4.

 A complex of guided artillery weapons that implements the proposed method of launch, operates as follows. In the process of launching a guided projectile 3 from a threaded barrel 1, propellant gases 2 act on the rear end of a guided projectile 3 and a sliding lead belt 4, as a result of which they begin to move along the barrel 1. The sliding lead belt 4 interacts with the rifling of the barrel 1 and acquires an angular velocity, at the same time, the front end of the sliding driving belt 4 is pressed against the front wall of the annular groove 5 and, “slipping” relative to the projectile 3, informs it of an angular velocity lower than its own. Gases of the propellant charge 2 partially flow from the projection space 7 into the cavity 6 through the hole 8 made in the sliding lead belt 4, create gas pressure in the cavity 6 (in addition to atmospheric), which acts on the front end of the sliding lead belt 4, reducing the contact force of the sliding leading belt 4 with the front wall of the annular groove 5, thereby increasing the "slipping" of the leading belt 4 relative to the projectile 3, and therefore, reducing the angular velocity of the projectile.

The diameter of the hole 8 in each case is calculated according to well-known gas dynamics methods (or is selected experimentally) based on the conditions for ensuring the flow of gases from the projectile space 7 into the cavity 6 to create the necessary gas pressure (P _о ) in it.

 The proposed technical solution successfully went through the stages of prototyping and experimental testing on several developed guided missiles, proved its effectiveness and will soon be implemented in serial samples of military equipment.

Claims (2)

 1. The method of launching a guided artillery shell with a sliding lead belt from the rifled gun barrel, which consists in creating gas pressure in the projectile space and moving the projectile along the gun barrel, characterized in that in the process of moving the projectile along the gun barrel in the barrel cavity in front of the leading belt gas pressure that acts on the front end of the drive belt. 2. A complex of guided artillery weapons, consisting of an artillery gun with a rifled barrel, a projectile charge and a guided projectile with a sliding guiding belt located in the annular groove of the projectile, characterized in that the cavity formed by the inner surface of the barrel channel, the outer surface of the projectile and the front end face of the lead the belt is communicated with the opening space in the hole made in the lead belt, while the cross-sectional area of the lead belt S _n is determined by the formula:

where γ is the required angular velocity of the projectile;
l _x is the moment of inertia of the projectile relative to its longitudinal axis;
k is the integral coefficient of friction;
V _O - the starting velocity of the projectile;
M is the mass of the projectile;
R _{About the} pressure of the gases in the cavity of the barrel in front of the leading belt of the projectile;
P is the gas pressure in the projectile space;
R is the radius of friction of the leading belt along the front wall of the annular groove of the projectile;
R = 0.5 (R ₁ + R ₂ ), where
R ₁ is the outer radius of the annular groove of the projectile;
R ₂ is the inner radius of the leading belt;
S _to - the contact area of the front end of the leading belt with the front wall of the annular groove of the projectile;
S _c - the cross-sectional area of the projectile along the leading belt;
S _k = 0.5π (R ₁ ² -R ₂ ² ), where:
π = 3.14.

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