RU2186484C1 - Sowing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves sowing seeds into furrows pressed out by roll flanges and simultaneously forming ridges by roll chamfered portions. Height of ridges exceeds seeding depth by 2.2-2.5 times. Method is used for growing seedling in nurseries. EFFECT: reduced power consumption, provision for creating favorable plant growth and development conditions and increased yield of standard planting material.

Description

 The invention relates to forestry, in particular to methods of sowing coniferous seeds in forest nurseries.

 Known methods of sowing seeds in forest nurseries (1) both on a flat surface and in ridges. In these methods, it is assumed that after the passage of the sowing unit, the sowed surface (tape) remains almost flat, which is necessary to create the same forest conditions for seedlings to grow, as well as to carry out subsequent technological operations (agricultural care, root cutting). In areas with insufficient moisture, the crops are mulched with sawdust, peat crumbs, or mixtures thereof in various proportions.

 We see a drawback in these methods in that the sowing tape with relatively small micro-increases does not contribute to the long-term retention of moisture in the soil and mulch, the retention of mulch on the surface of the tape in the wind, which leads to quick drying of the soil and requires additional watering of the crops.

 A known method of anti-erosion sowing of row crops and a device for rolling soil (2), adopted by us as a prototype. The method includes sowing seeds into the furrow, followed by rolling the soil to make the surface of the furrow a track with discrete rectangular recesses staggered on both sides of the furrow.

 The disadvantage of this method is the significant energy consumption of the technological process compared to performed single-operation technical means.

 The claimed technical solution is aimed at eliminating the disadvantages of the above method, in particular reducing the energy intensity of the process.

 This goal is achieved in that at the same time as the seeding of seeds along the edges of the sowing tape, soil rollers are formed that are 2.2 ... 2.5 times higher than the seed placement depth.

 Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed object according to the method of sowing seeds meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

 According to the Federal Target Program "Forests of Russia" for 1997 ... 2000, the annual need for planting material is 2.2 mln. pcs., with an output of 1.0 ... 1.2 million pcs. seedlings of conifers from one hectare. An increase in the yield of standard coniferous planting material by only 0.001% per hectare (at the current price) provides up to 500 rubles. economic effect due to the sale of additional products. The proposed method can be easily implemented using a commercially available seeder SLU-5-20.

 In this connection, we believe that the claimed object meets the criterion of "inventive step".

 The proposed method is implemented as follows.

 On both sides of the furrow-forming roller of the seeder of the SLU-5-20 type, in one way or another, bevels are made in the form of an isosceles triangle with sides 2.2 ... 2.5 times greater than the seed placement depth. During the movement of the sowing unit, the seeds are sown in the grooves (squeezed by the flanges of the roller in accordance with the sowing scheme) and are covered with soil using a seeding device. Simultaneously with sowing, the bevels along the edges of the furrow-forming roller form two soil rollers with a height exceeding 2.2 ... 2.5 times the depth of seed placement, thereby forming a trough-like profile in the cross section of the seed tape. For spruce and pine seed embedment depth is 0.5 ... 1.5 cm.

 Subsequently, the crops, if necessary, are mulched with sawdust, peat crumbs or their mixture.

 Due to the trough-like shape of the seeded surface, better moisture accumulation and less wind blowing of the mulch are provided, due to which the water and heat-air regime of the soil is better observed, and as a result, the yield of standard planting material increases.

 The proposed method of sowing increases the yield of standard planting material while reducing its cost.

Sources of information
1. A.I. Novoseltseva, N.A. Smirnov. Handbook of forest nurseries. - M .: Forest industry, 1983. - p. 61-68.

 2. A.S. 1076003. A method of anti-erosion sowing of row crops and a device for rolling soil. - Publ. in B.I. 8, 02.28.84.

Claims (1)

 A method of sowing seeds, including sowing seeds in a compacted bed, seeding seeds with soil and forming rollers with a roller at the edges of the seed tape, characterized in that the seeds are sown in grooves extruded by the rinks of the roller at the same time as the rollers are formed by the bevels of the roller, and the rollers are formed in height 2.2-2.5 times the depth of seeding.