RU2183237C1 - Ornamental facing tile and blend for manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacture of building materials. SUBSTANCE: ornamental facing tile imitating raised pattern of natural and artificial stones is made in the rectangular form and is 10-40 mm thick in average. Starting blend for manufacturing tile contains, wt.%: white Portland cement, 42-48; swollen perlite sand (fraction 0.63-2.5), 4.0- 5.2; marble aggregate and/or quartz sand, 28-36; saponified wood tar and/or foam former "Progress", 0.0001-0.06; superplasticizer S-3, 0.01-0.06; and water, the balance. In particular, pattern imitates surface of limestone or shell rock subjected to atmospheric effects, surface of shale broken across layers, surface of shale weathered across layers, and surface of old brick. Blend can additionally contain a pigment. EFFECT: reduced shrinkage and increased crack resistance. 8 cl, 4 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used for the manufacture of cladding tiles used to create on the clad surfaces of decorative finishes that mimic the texture of natural and artificial stones.

 Known decorative facing tiles obtained by sawing concrete blocks made of concrete mix containing, wt.%: Portland cement 8-12, expanded perlite 14.0-16.0, fine-ground tuff, crushed stone from lithium pumice 4-8, cement dust 4-8, tuff with a particle size of 3-300 mm 20-50, plasticizer sewage tanneries 1-14 and water. (see SU 1696410 A1, IPC C 04 V 38/08, publ. 07.12.1991). Known tiles have insufficient strength.

 The closest analogue to the proposed tile is decorative-facing tile, made rectangular with a relief on the front side imitating natural or artificial stone (see g. "Modern House", 2000, 6, cover p.4).

 The closest analogue to the claimed mixture is a mixture for the manufacture of decorative facing tiles, including, wt.%: Portland cement M-500 32.82-33.00, expanded clay sand 5.80-53.10, wood-saponified resin 0.0003-0 , 00033, superplasticizer C-3 0.098-0.099, water the rest (see RU 2078742 C1, IPC C 04 B 28/02, publ. 05/10/1997).

 The objective of the invention is to create a mixture for the manufacture of decorative tiles with low shrinkage and crack resistance.

The problem is solved in that the decorative facing tile, made rectangular with a relief on the front side, imitating the texture of natural or artificial stone, characterized in that it has an average thickness of 10-40 mm and is made of a mixture containing, wt.%:
White Portland cement - 42-48
Expanded perlite sand fraction 0.63-2.5 - 4.0-5.2
Marble chips and / or quartz sand - 28-36
Saponified wood resin and / or Progress frother - 0.0001-0.006
Superplasticizer S-3 - 0.01-0.06
Water - Else
Moreover, the mixture for the manufacture of tiles additionally contains pigment. The decorative facing tile also has a relief imitating the surface texture of limestone or limestone-shell rock exposed to atmospheric phenomena. In addition, the decorative-facing tile has a relief imitating the texture of the surface of clay slate in a fault across the layers. In this case, the decorative facing tile has a relief that imitates the texture of the surface of clay shale in the fault across the layers exposed to atmospheric phenomena, in particular weathering, in addition, the decorative facing tile has a relief that imitates the texture of the surface of old brick.

Also, the problem is solved in that the mixture for the manufacture of decorative facing tiles, including Portland cement, porous aggregate, foaming agent, C-3 superplasticizer and water, contains white Portland cement, as a porous aggregate, expanded perlite sand of a fraction of 0.63-2.5 mm, as a foaming agent, saponified wood resin and / or Progress foaming agent and additionally marble chips in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
White Portland cement - 42-48
Expanded perlite sand fraction 0.63-2.5 - 4.0-5.2
Marble chips and / or quartz sand - 28-36
Saponified wood resin and / or Progress frother - 0.0001-0.06
Superplasticizer S-3 - 0.01-0.06
Water - Else
In this case, the mixture further comprises a pigment.

 The invention is as follows.

 To prepare the mixture using the following materials.

 White Portland cement BTs-1, meeting the requirements of GOST 365-78.

 Coarse-grained expanded perlite sand of a fraction of 0.63-2.5 mm in accordance with GOST 10832-90.

 Marble chips fraction 0-2.5 mm, quartz sand fraction 0-2.5 mm.

 For the porization of light-concrete mix use: foaming agent "Progress" in accordance with GOST 24211-90; SDO air-entraining additive - saponified wood resin that meets the requirements of TU 13-05-02-83, S-3 superplasticizer - a diluent, which is a mixture of sodium salts of naphthalene sulfonic acids, sodium salt of lignosulfonic acid and sodium sulfate. S-3 meets the requirements of TU-6-14-625-80.

The mixture was prepared in a paddle mixer by sequential loading components: marble chips, expanded perlite, and ^{a _1/4} part of the water required for the batch. The mixture is stirred and white Portland cement, the remaining water and a solution of foaming agent and superplasticizer are added.

 The mixing time of the mixture is 5 minutes.

 The finished mixture is poured into a mold and maintained until the formwork strength is achieved. After stripping, the tiles are stored in a warm, humid room for 5-10 days.

 Prepare the following mixture of components. The compositions are shown in table 1.

After testing the samples of concrete made using the above examples, the following indicators were obtained: density 1500-1550 kg / m ³ , strength after 28-day hardening 20.0-22.0 MPa, water absorption 9.0-9.8% by weight, frost resistance colorfulness after 50 cycles of 22.2-23.1 MPa, shrinkage of 0.25-0.3 mm / m. The resulting material is crack resistant.

 From the prepared mixture according to the given technology, tiles are made by the face-down molding method.

 4 types of tiles were obtained.

 Decorative facing tile "Nereus" (figure 1).

 The surface texture of decorative tiles mimics the surface of limestone, which is characterized by the presence of numerous niches, cells and cornices. On the surface of the tile in some places you can distinguish multidirectional layering and shagreen leather.

 On the surface, numerous prints and remains of fossilized relief animals, formed as a result of filling the voids in the form of the former skeletons of these animals, with salts, most often calcium carbonate, stand out in relief. This filling allows you to save the shape of animals.

 The color is dominant sandy yellow with a patina of a more saturated dark shade.

 The average thickness is 30-40 mm.

 Differently sized rectangular elements with a chipped edge.

 Decorative facing tile "Vaulted slate" (figure 2).

 The surface texture of decorative tiles mimics the surface of clay shales of various composition, which is characterized by significant plasticity and overshooting. The depth of the relief between such elements can reach 7-8 mm. On the surface of the elements themselves in some places you can distinguish shagreen and slight hatching. This is the result of centuries of geological activity of water, wind, cold and heat.

 The color is dominant white, light brown or dark brown with a patinated surface shades of brown, dark gray.

 The average thickness is 20-30 mm.

 The shapes and sizes are rectangular elongated with a smooth edge. Three sizes: 100x200, 100x300, 100x500 mm.

 Decorative facing tile "Edelweiss" (figure 3).

 The texture of the surface of decorative tiles mimics the surface of various in composition highly weathered clay slates, which is characterized by significant ductility and comminution. The entire surface consists of separate elongated elements. The depth of the relief between such elements can reach 7-8 mm, the border between the individual elements in some cases is not clearly expressed. The surface of the elements themselves is largely uneven, mottled with considerable shagreen and pronounced hatching. This is the result of centuries of geological activity of water, wind, cold and heat.

 Color from white to dark brown with a patinated surface with shades of brick, red, brown and dark gray.

 The average thickness is 20-30 mm.

 The shapes and sizes are rectangular elongated with a smooth edge. Three sizes: 100x200, 100x300, 100x500 mm.

 Decorative facing tile "XVII century" (figure 4).

 The surface texture of decorative tiles mimics the surface of an old highly weathered brick, which is characterized by unevenness, shagreen leather with a large number of small caverns and chips.

 Color from brick to dark brown brick with surface patination in shades of black and dark gray.

 The average thickness is 12-15 mm.

 The shapes and sizes are rectangular elongated elements with an uneven, smooth edge 65x260 mm.

 The photographs show the texture of the resulting tiles.

 Tiles are laid on the surface to be treated with cement mortar, without preliminary selection of the pattern.

 As can be seen from the above data, when laying tiles, the selection of a pattern is not required, and the resulting tiles from the described mixture have low shrinkage and are crack resistant.

Claims (6)

1. Decorative tiles made rectangular with a relief on the front side, imitating the texture of natural or artificial stone, characterized in that it has an average thickness of 10-40 mm and is made of a mixture containing, by weight. %:
White Portland cement - 42 - 48
Expanded perlite sand fraction 0.63 - 2.5 - 4.0 - 5.2
Marble chips and / or quartz sand - 28 - 36
Saponified wood resin and / or foaming agent "Progress" - 0.0001 - 0.006
Superplasticizer S-3 - 0.01 - 0.06
Water - Else
2. Decorative tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture further comprises a pigment.  3. Decorative facing tile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has a relief imitating the surface texture of limestone or limestone-shell rock exposed to atmospheric phenomena.  4. Decorative facing tile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has a relief imitating the texture of the surface of clay slate in a fault across the layers.  5. Decorative facing tile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has a relief imitating the texture of the surface of clay shale in a fracture across the layers exposed to atmospheric phenomena, in particular weathering.  6. Decorative tiles according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has a relief that mimics the texture of the surface of an old brick. 7. A mixture for the manufacture of decorative tiles, including Portland cement, a porous aggregate, a foaming agent, C-3 superplasticizer and water, characterized in that it contains white Portland cement, as a porous aggregate, expanded perlite sand of a fraction of 0.63 - 2.5 mm, as a foaming agent, saponified wood resin and / or Progress foaming agent and additionally marble chips and / or quartz sand in the following ratio of components, wt. %:
White Portland cement - 42 - 48
Expanded perlite sand fraction 0.63 - 2.5 - 4.0 - 5.2
Marble chips and / or quartz sand - 28 - 36
Saponified wood resin and / or Progress frother - 0.0001 - 0.06
Superplasticizer S-3 - 0.01 - 0.06
Water - Else
8. A mixture for the manufacture of decorative tiles according to claim 7, characterized in that it further comprises a pigment.

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