RU218267U1 - Turbine power generator with the ability to explore oil and gas wells - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a turbine generator of electricity with the possibility of investigating oil and gas wells. SUBSTANCE: turbine power generator with possibility to study gas-oil wells contains a housing in which a generator unit with a turbine rotor with a removable impeller and an end hard-alloy seal, a turbine stator, an oil-filled piston pressure compensator and an electronics unit with a vibration sensor are installed. The turbine generator is designed to be installed in a non-magnetic drill pipe. A zenith angle sensor, a gamma-ray logging sensor, an in-line pressure sensor and a vibration load sensor are installed in the housing with the turbine generator, spaced above the electronics unit with the vibration sensor and via a communication channel, connected with the telesystem. The technical result consists in the fact that the turbine generator provides power supply to the modules of the downhole geophysical complex, selection and maintenance of a rational drilling mode, optimizes tripping operations, controls the hydrodynamic pressure in the well and diagnoses pre-emergency situations in the drilling process in real time. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of geophysical research of oil and gas wells, namely to instruments for measuring geophysical and technological parameters during drilling.

In the field of drilling directional oil and gas wells, an important technological challenge is to increase the oil recovery factor and stabilize oil production, in particular in relation to complex oil and gas deposits. At the same time, accurate data of geophysical and technological parameters during the drilling process provide a high rate of penetration and control of the wellbore trajectory, determine the location of the bit in relation to the formation, and are of key importance in the development of directional wells.

According to conventional measurement-while-drilling methods, traditional downhole telesystems included in the assembly of the lower part of the drill pipes (BHA) contain located along the drill string and interconnected geophysical modules, which include measuring sensors, orientation sensors and process parameters sensors, and also a telemetry module that transmits data to the surface, and modules that provide power to the telesystem, such as a battery module and a turbine generator.

A turbine generator is known for powering geophysical modules (US No. 7201239, E21B 41/0088, 2007), containing a turbine and a rotor assembly installed in a sealed housing on plain bearings with the possibility of rotation. The rotor has a replaceable wear-resistant sleeve covering the rotor and blades. The well-known turbine generator is used with the APS SureShot modular telemetry system (US 7327634, E21B 47/18, 47/20, 2008) in the trajectory control and trajectory control + gamma logging configurations and provides power supply to the modules of the well-known telemetry system and technical support during oblique directional drilling. Each module is protected by a modern unique vibration isolation system and is housed in a protective housing.

The disadvantage of the design of the known device is the complexity of the design, due to the long replacement of the impellers, as well as low functionality, limited only by the power supply of the downhole telesystem modules and the formation of pressure pulses of the downhole fluid.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to expand the functionality of the turbine generator.

The problem is solved in the following way.

Turbine power generator with the ability to study oil and gas wells, containing a housing in which a generator unit is installed with a turbine rotor with a removable impeller and a hard-alloy end seal, a turbine stator, an oil-filled piston pressure compensator and an electronics unit with a vibration sensor, according to the utility model, is configured to be installed in non-magnetic drill pipe, moreover, in the housing with the turbine generator, a zenith angle sensor, a gamma ray logging sensor, an inline pressure sensor and a vibration load sensor are additionally installed, spaced above the electronics unit with the vibration sensor and connected to the telecom system via a communication channel.

The proposed technical solution has the following advantages:

the presence of zenith angle and HA sensors in the same housing with the turbine generator makes it possible to place them in close proximity to the bit, thereby increasing the accuracy of controlling the position of the wellbore relative to the boundaries of the productive reservoir, which can significantly reduce the decision-making time in controlling the drilling process;

the presence of a vibration load sensor in the same housing with a turbine generator in close proximity to the bit provides the ability to timely control the vibrations of the drill string as a result of non-uniform rotation (Stick/Slip) of the bit during drilling, which makes it possible to track the critical amplitudes of vibrations of the string during the drilling process in a timely manner and prevent emergency situations;

the presence of an in-line pressure sensor in the same housing with a turbine generator provides the ability to monitor the pressure of the circulating fluid for drilling and evaluate pressure losses in the BHA.

Thus, in addition to the main purpose of the turbine generator - providing power to the telesystem modules with the communication channel of the downhole complex, the proposed device provides the ability to effectively measure geophysical and technological parameters during drilling and transfer them to the telesystem.

The authors are aware of the use of drilling process parameters sensors (zenith angle sensors, in-pipe and annular pressure sensors, WOB sensors, etc.) to control the boundaries of the productive formation directly in the near-bit modules. However, firstly, depending on the tasks of drilling and research, the near-bit module may not be used in the downhole measuring complex, that is, the effectiveness of monitoring the boundaries of the productive formation without the near-bit module in this case is reduced. Secondly, for a wireless electromagnetic communication channel, additional equipment is used that increases the length of the telesystem, and thirdly, body parts wear out quickly during operation. While the turbine generator is in any case necessary to provide power to the telesystem modules, and the presence of zenith angle sensors, a GK sensor, an inline pressure sensor and a vibration load sensor in its design expands the functionality of the device.

In addition, the turbine generator provides the telesystem with additional hydraulic communication channels using Downlink technology, by changing the pressure or flow rate of the flushing fluid.

In the proposed utility model, the turbine generator is located much closer to the bit, respectively, and the information from the sensors located in the turbine generator housing, obtained in real time, is more accurate and timely.

The proposed utility model is simple in design. Its practical implementation does not require special materials and equipment. That is, the utility model meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The figure shows a variant of the design of a turbine generator of electricity with the possibility of studying oil and gas wells.

Turbine power generator with the ability to study oil and gas wells contains: 1 - fairing, 2 - turbine rotor, 3 - turbine stator, 5 - generator unit, 4 and 6 - centralizers, 7 - GK unit, 8 - electronics unit with vibration sensor, 9 - zenith angle sensor, 10 - intrapipe pressure sensor, 11 - housing, 12 - drill pipe, 13 - telesystem.

Turbine power generator with the ability to study oil and gas wells contains a housing 11 with a fairing 1, in which is installed, located between the centralizers 4 and 6, a generator unit 5 in the form of a turbine rotor 2 with a removable impeller and a turbine stator 3. The generator unit is electrically connected by means of an electronics unit with a sensor vibrations 8. Above the electronics unit with a vibration sensor 8, along the longitudinal axis of the body 11, measuring sensors are installed: a sensor of the GK block 7, a zenith angle sensor 9 and an in-line pressure sensor 10. A downhole device for studying oil and gas wells is installed in a non-magnetic drill pipe 12. Measuring sensors 7 -10 are connected via a communication channel with the telesystem 13.

On practice

Connected to the telesystem 13, the sensors 7-10 supplement the turbine power generator, converting it into a logging while drilling system with the possibility of investigating oil and gas wells. The data received from it by the ground system is processed on a computer, from where it is redirected to the driller's display and / or to the drilling rig control system.

Thus, in the process of drilling with a block sensor GK 7, the gamma radiation of the general background and the apparent resistivity of rocks are recorded. An increase in the values of gamma radiation in the direction of drilling indicates that the drilling assembly is approaching the boundary of the reservoir, while the zenith angle sensor 9 monitors the position of the wellbore relative to the boundaries of the productive reservoir in real time. Based on the values obtained from the GK sensor block 7 and the zenith angle sensor 9, the operator controls the location of the reservoir boundary relative to the drilling tool assembly. The parameters from sensors 7 and 9 allow the operator to effectively control the drilling process. At the same time, in the process of drilling, the data received from the in-line pressure sensor 10 are transmitted through the telesystem to the operator, who, using hydraulic programs, monitors the pressure of the circulating fluid for drilling and evaluates pressure losses in the BHA.

During drilling, the vibration sensor 8 in the immediate vicinity of the bit (not shown in Fig.) monitors the vibration amplitude of the drill string. Since the amplitude of the vibrations changes as a result of the non-uniform rotation (Stick/Slip) of the bit due to the heterogeneity of the rock being drilled, the bit may suddenly stop for a short time. Increasing the length of the drill string (stretching the pipe string with increasing depth of the well) also leads to an increase in the degree of Stick/Slip, when the length of the bit stall period increases and the bit is released with a sharp increase in speed. According to the readings of the vibration sensor 8, in case of exceeding the allowable vibration amplitude, the operator on the surface changes the parameters of the drilling mode and prevents an emergency situation - damage to the drill string connections or damage to the bit structure, and thereby reduce the price and total time of well construction.

Thus, the proposed utility model fully solves the task of expanding the functionality, namely, in addition to powering the modules of the telesystem with a communication channel, it provides:

tracking the trajectory of drilling of the wellbore;

control of hydrodynamic pressures in the well;

diagnostics of pre-emergency situations in real time.

Claims (1)

Turbine power generator with the ability to study oil and gas wells, containing a housing in which a generator unit is installed with a turbine rotor with a removable impeller and a hard-alloy end seal, a turbine stator, an oil-filled piston pressure compensator and an electronics unit with a vibration sensor, characterized in that the turbine generator is made with the possibility of installation in a non-magnetic drill pipe, and in the housing with the turbine generator, a zenith angle sensor, a gamma-ray logging sensor, an in-pipe pressure sensor and a vibration load sensor are additionally installed, spaced above the electronics unit with the vibration sensor and connected to the telecom system via a communication channel.

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