RU2180603C2 - Method for treatment of neurovascular pathologies and device for its realization - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, applicable for treatment of neurovascular pathologies. SUBSTANCE: the method consists in the effect by a magnetic field that is rotated periodically at a repetition frequency of the periods of rotation up to 10 times per minute, the rotational speed within each period is provided within 0 to 18,000 rpm, the maximum magnetic field strength is selected within 0.1 to 0.5 T, and the time of stimulation of each region of pathology endures within 5 to 20 min. Besides, additionally accomplished is stimulation of the region of pathology by pulse current up to 100μΑ and luminous flux in the visible and near region of spectrum with a power up to 5 mW, phased with the rotational speed of the magnetic field. The device has a body accommodating permanent magnets for rotation and a drive with a power unit for provision of rotation of the magnets, for periodic connection of the power unit to the drive cut in are series- connected controllable voltage transducer and voltage pulse generator that are cut in between the drive and the power unit. The power unit may be made self-contained. The permanent magnets may be placed on a flat ferromagnetic faceplate, whose axle of rotation is kinematically linked with the axle of rotation of the drive, the planes of the magnet poles are parallel to the plane of the faceplate. The permanent magnets may be positioned in the axle of rotation kinematically linked with the drive axle, the planes of the magnet poles are parallel to the axis of their rotation. The permanent magnets may be positioned with alternation of their poles. Besides, the device may have electrodes and induction coils fixed near the rotating permanent magnets. The coil leads have a conductive coupling with the electrodes placed on the outer surface of the body working section via an introduced rectifier unit. The device may be provided with a light source or light sources, each of them being positioned in the respective electrode and having a conductive coupling with the leads of the induction coils. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of treatment. 9 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to ophthalmology, but can be used in other fields of medicine in case of hemodynamic disturbances, in the presence of hematomas, swelling of tissues, and disorders of nerve conduction.

 There is a method of treating diseases of the optic tract (AS 1711875 A1), consisting in the action of a magnetic field rotating with a variable angular velocity, on five stimulation areas with a maximum magnetic field strength of 0.1 - 0.25 T and exposure time 1-5 minutes in each area.

 However, the method has disadvantages. It does not take into account factors associated with lability of the nerves. A variable angular velocity is provided within a half-turn of the magnets, when the rotation speed initially increases and then falls, but there is no regular change in the polarity of the magnetic field in a certain range of rotation frequencies. At the same time, there is no stimulation for the effective restoration of nerve lability associated with resonance phenomena in the nerves during rhythmic excitation. There is also no possibility of synchronous magnetic electrical effects on the stimulation region, as well as synchronous effects of light fluxes. Thus, there is no possibility of the triad influencing the stimulation region, which significantly increases the clinical effectiveness of stimulations.

 A device is known for implementing the method of magnetic stimulation (a.s. 1711875), comprising a housing in which a permanent magnet is placed, connected with a drive of angular movement of the magnet through a spring, and magnetic brakes.

 However, this device has disadvantages.

 The device does not provide continuity of rotation of the magnet with a frequency corresponding to the interval of lability of nerves.

 The device does not contain elements that provide an electric shock and light to the stimulation region, synchronous with a change in the polarity of the magnets.

 The technical result of the method is to increase efficiency in the treatment of partial atrophy of the optic nerve, amblyopia, circulatory disorders, in the presence of hematomas, swelling of tissues, fractures or violation of the integrity of tissue structures.

 The technical result of the method is achieved by the fact that exposed to a magnetic field are areas with circulatory disorders, in the presence of hematomas, swelling of tissues, fractures or violation of the integrity of tissue structures, and the magnetic field is rotated periodically with a frequency of repetition of rotation periods of up to 10 per minute, the rotation frequency of the magnetic field within each rotation period, from 0 to 1800 revolutions per minute are provided, the maximum magnetic field strength at the poles of the magnets is set within 0.1-0.5 T, the exposure time in each area vary within 5-20 minutes.

 The applied rotating magnetic field is important due to the fact that there is an optimal mutual orientation of capillaries, red blood cells, hemoglobin and free radicals with the direction of the magnetic field lines. This ensures the interaction of the maximum number of paramagnetic molecules, indefinitely oriented in space, with the direction of the lines of force in the optimal variant of interaction.

 Since the device uses counter-oriented permanent magnets, then at any point (region) of influence chosen by us during their rotation, directions of field lines varying over a wide range can be present. Given that the linear velocity of blood flow is small, this process will be similar to resting blood and optimal interaction is most likely.

 The technical result of the method is also achieved by the fact that the pathology localization area is additionally exposed to electric current of up to 100 μA and luminous flux in the visible and near infrared parts of the spectrum with a power of up to 5 mW, phased with the frequency of rotation of the magnets.

 The technical result of the device is achieved by the fact that the device for treating diseases, comprising a housing in which a magnet is mechanically connected to the angular displacement drive, is provided according to the invention with a power supply unit, which further comprises a controllable voltage converter and a voltage pulse generator connected between the drive and power supply unit.

 The technical result of the device is also achieved by the fact that the controlled converter is additionally equipped with an autonomous source of electrical power.

 The technical result of the device is also achieved by the fact that the permanent magnets are placed on a flat ferromagnetic faceplate, the axis of rotation of which is perpendicular to its plane.

 The technical result of the device is also achieved by the fact that the permanent magnets are placed along the axis of their rotation, and the planes of the poles of the magnets are parallel to the axis of rotation.

 The technical result of the device is also achieved by the fact that the polarity of the magnets on the faceplate or along the axis of rotation are placed with alternating their poles.

 The technical result of the device is also achieved by the fact that it is additionally equipped with induction coils, the planes of which are parallel to the poles of the magnets, the coils being placed near the rotating magnets, and their current outputs are galvanically connected to the electrodes placed on the outer surface of the working part of the housing through a rectifier block.

 The technical result of the device is also achieved by the fact that the current outputs of the induction coils are galvanically connected to light sources placed in one or more electrodes of the working part of the housing so that their light fluxes illuminate the area of influence by magnetic fields.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings.

 FIG. 1. A cross section of the general view of the device when placing magnets on the faceplate.

 FIG. 2. The cross section of the General view of the device when placing magnets along the axis of rotation.

 FIG. 3. The block diagram of the galvanic connections of the device.

 FIG. 4. The cyclogram (conditional) of the rotation of the magnets.

 The device is arranged as follows (see figure 1). Permanent magnets 2 are placed on a flat faceplate 1 made of ferromagnetic material 2. The axis 3 of rotation of the faceplate 1 is mechanically connected to the axis of the drive 4. The drive 4 is powered by a power supply unit 5 with a controllable electric power converter 6 and a pulse generator 7, the output of which is galvanically connected to the input drive 4. The plate 1 with magnets 2, drive 4, the controlled Converter 6 and the pulse generator 7 are placed in the housing 8 of the device. The drive 4 can also be powered when the power supply 5 is replaced by an autonomous power source 9.

 In FIG. 2 shows the arrangement in which the magnets 2 are placed along the axis of rotation 3, mechanically connected with the axis of the actuator 4 so that the planes of the poles of the magnets 2 are parallel to the axis of their rotation 3. In this case, the magnets 2, the controlled converter 6, the pulse generator 7 and the drive 4 are placed in the housing 8 of the device.

 In both cases, the layout of the autonomous source of electricity 9 is also located in the housing 8 of the device.

 In FIG. 1 and 2 also shows the placement of induction coils 10, providing power to the electrodes 11 and light sources 12. To provide the necessary polarity of the electrodes 11 during stimulation and light sources 12 as well as to stimulate areas of pathology, a rectifier unit 13 is built into the device. The placement of induction coils 10 is thus ensured that their planes are parallel to the planes of the poles of the magnets 2, and geometrically they are placed on the reverse side 14 of the working surface 15 of the housing 8.

 In this case, the electrodes 11 have contact with the patient’s skin surface, and on the reverse side 14 of the working surface 15 have galvanic contact through the rectifier unit 13 with the induction coils 10. The same galvanic contact of the induction coils 10 is provided with the light sources 12. The light sources 12 are oriented towards the field of pathology.

 In FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of the galvanic connections of the device. The power supply unit 5 of the device is galvanically connected to the controlled converter 6 and further to the pulse generator 7. The power supply unit 5 can be replaced by an autonomous power supply 9 with the same output to the controlled converter 6 and the pulse generator 7.

 The pulse generator 7 provides power to the actuator 4, mechanically connected to the axis of rotation 3 of the faceplate 1 of ferromagnetic material with the possibility of rotation, on which magnets 2 are placed, or in another embodiment, with axis 3, on which magnets 2 are placed with poles placed along the axis of rotation 3 .

 In FIG. 3 also shows a block diagram of the power supply of the electrodes 11 and light sources 12 using induction coils 10. The latter, due to the rotating magnetic field — rotating magnets 2 — induce an induced voltage, which provides power to the electrodes 11 and light sources 12 during galvanic coupling through the rectifier unit 13 .

 In FIG. 4, which qualitatively characterizes the cyclic operation of the actuator 4, the absentee time is the operating time, and the ordinate axis is the rotational speed of axis 3 of the faceplate 1 with magnets 2 or the frequency ω of rotation of axis 3 with magnets 2 placed along it.

When τ = 0, the moment of initial start-up of drive 4 is recorded. When ω = 0. Then, with a frequency ΔτT, the drive starts to repeat through the minimum ω _min and maximum ω _max values of the rotational speeds of axis 3.

 The method of treatment and device for its implementation are used as follows.

 Before treatment (see Fig. 3) to the input of the power supply 5 serves voltage from the network. as a result, a voltage is generated on the controlled converter 6 to power the pulse generator 7. Power to the controlled converter 6 can also be supplied from an autonomous power supply 9. The pulse generator 7 provides periodic switching on of the drive 4 (see Fig. 3) so that the drive 4 provides rotation of the faceplate 1 with magnets 2 placed on it. In this case, the faceplate 1 with magnets 2 rotates with a variable frequency, initially increasing and then decreasing. The range of speeds of rotation of the magnets during acceleration - inhibition overlaps the frequencies corresponding to the lability of the nerves in the region of which they are exposed. The end of the braking phase of the rotation of the magnets 2 is the beginning of a new start of the drive 4 and a new cycle of rotation of the magnets 2.

 Similarly, the device is provided with the option of placing magnets 2 along the axis of rotation 3 (see Fig. 2) with a cyclic inclusion (see Fig. 4) that repeats the cyclic rotation, as in the planar arrangement of magnets 2 (Fig. 1).

 After starting the device, its working surface 16 is placed on a skin site. which is exposed.

 When using electrodes 11 and a light source 12 for joint exposure to a rotating magnetic field, electric current and light flux, one of the electrodes 11 and a light source 12 are placed in the center of the impact area, but so that electrodes 11 of different polarity are necessarily in galvanic contact with the skin the patient.

 It is possible to use the device in two versions - only with a rotating magnetic field or in conjunction with an electric current and a stream of light. This can be achieved, for example, if you use a dielectric opaque gasket between the working surface of the device and the skin of the patient. If there is a gasket, only a magnetic effect. In its absence - a joint effect.

 The duration of the session is determined by the pathology and its localization on the patient's body. In the area of the patient's head, the duration of exposure should not exceed 5 minutes in each area. In distal areas, the duration should not exceed 20 minutes in each area.

 The following are two examples of the implementation of the method and device for its implementation.

 Example 1

 Patient P., born in 1966 Diagnosis: high myopia, complex myopic astigmatism in both eyes. An operation of the anterior radial dosed keratotomy on the right and left eyes was performed simultaneously. The first session of the impact of the triad on the right eye (no effect was performed on the left eye) was performed immediately after the operation. Conditions for exposure: the eyelids are closed, atraumatic contact of the negative electrode with the eyelid is ensured with the help of a ring electrode (outside the projection of the operative field). The electric current was selected by the patient at the comfort level. The course of treatment accounted for 7 sessions (one per day). The duration of each session is 15-20 minutes. Before the operation and in the postoperative period, the patient was examined, including ophthalmometry, determination of visual acuity, determination of the thickness of the cornea. Usually in the postoperative period, swelling of the cornea was observed (according to keratopachymetry). Puffiness is probably accompanied by pain.

 An analysis of the results and additional measurements using a dopplerograph of blood flow in the region of the ciliary body, short ciliary arteries showed that when exposed to the triad, blood flow increased by 25-30%, corneal edema was reduced, pain was absent and the restoration of visual acuity was faster than in eye without exposure.

 Example 2

Patient G., born in 1961, a year before going to the clinic found a sharp decrease in vision in his right eye. Vision decreased as a result of circulatory disorders in the vessels that feed the optic nerve. After the conservative treatment, the vision did not improve. The vision on the right eye was 0.02 / ex /, on the left 0.2s + 1.0 D = 0.6. The field of view on the left eye is concentrically narrowed to 10 ^o , on the right eye is absent from the bow, on the temporal side is narrowed by 30 ^o . According to EFI - gross changes in the inner layers of the retina and in the optic nerve.

 According to computed tomography, the diameter of the right and left optic nerves is 4.3 mm, the density of the right nerve is 21.3 units N, the left 47 units N.

 Fundus OD - optic nerve disc pale, clear boundaries, arteries narrowed, convoluted.

 The fundus of the OS is the optic nerve disk is white, the borders are clear, and light parapapillary edema. Borders are narrowed, convoluted, veins are moderately widened.

 The patient had 15 triad stimulation sessions in four areas on the right and left with a session duration of 5 minutes in each area. After treatment, visual acuity in the right eye increased to 0.63c + 2.0 D = 0.8, the left eye to 0.4s + 2.0 D = 1.0.

The boundaries of the fields of view expanded by 25 ^o . According to EFI - moderate changes in the inner layers of the retina and optic nerve. The observation period is 1 year. Visual acuity remains the same, the boundaries of the field of view narrowed by 5 ^o .

Claims (9)

 1. A method for the treatment of neurovascular pathologies, consisting in exposure to a magnetic field rotating with a variable angular velocity, on the pathology localization area, characterized in that they are stimulated by a magnetic field, which is rotated periodically with a frequency of repetition of rotation periods up to 10 times per minute, frequency rotations within each period provide from 0 to 18,000 revolutions per minute, while the maximum magnetic field strength is selected in the range of 0.1-0.5 T, and the stimulation time of each area of the pathology is maintained from 5 about 20 minutes.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that it additionally stimulates the pathology region with a pulsed electric current of up to 100 μA and a light flux in the visible and near infrared spectral regions with a power of up to 5 mW, phased with a frequency of rotation of the magnetic field.  3. A device for the treatment of neurovascular pathologies, comprising a housing inside which permanent magnets are mounted rotatably and a drive with a power supply to provide rotation of the magnets, characterized in that a series-connected controlled voltage converter is introduced into it for periodically connecting the power supply to the drive and a voltage pulse generator connected between the drive and the power supply.  4. The device according to p. 3, characterized in that the power supply is autonomous.  5. The device according to paragraphs. 3 and 4, characterized in that the permanent magnets are placed on a flat ferromagnetic faceplate, the axis of rotation of which is mechanically connected with the axis of rotation of the drive, while the planes of the poles of the magnets are parallel to the plane of the faceplate.  6. The device according to paragraphs. 3 and 4, characterized in that the permanent magnets are placed along the axis of rotation mechanically connected with the axis of the drive, while the planes of the poles of the magnets are parallel to the axis of rotation.  7. The device according to paragraphs. 5 and 6, characterized in that the permanent magnets are placed with alternating their poles.  8. The device according to paragraphs. 3-7, characterized in that electrodes and induction coils are introduced into it, mounted motionless near rotating permanent magnets, and the coil current outputs are galvanically connected with electrodes placed on the outer surface of the working part of the housing through the introduced rectifier block.  9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that a light source or light sources are introduced into it, each of which is placed in the corresponding electrode and is galvanically connected to the current leads of the induction coils.

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