RU217811U1 - Heavy Duty Tracked Carrier - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of transport engineering, and specifically to tracked vehicles, and can be used to create heavy-duty tracked conveyors up to 30 tons with a chassis consisting of six or more road wheels. SUBSTANCE: caterpillar conveyor of increased carrying capacity contains a caterpillar undercarriage and a torsion bar suspension with balancers, a body with an engine-transmission compartment, a control compartment and a cargo platform located on the body. What is new is that the balancers of the middle suspensions are connected to the conveyor body by hydraulic cylinders with the possibility of blocking their rod cavities with electrohydraulic valves at the signal of the control device. The rod cavities of said hydraulic cylinders are connected to the balancers of the corresponding suspensions. The technical result achieved by the utility model is to create a conveyor with a constant track tension, independent of the weight of the cargo being transported. 4 w.p. f-ly, 7 ill.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to the field of transport engineering, and specifically to tracked vehicles, and can be used to create heavy-duty tracked conveyors up to 30 tons with a chassis consisting of six or more road wheels.

These conveyors are designed for transportation of bulky and heavy loads in various climatic and soil-relief conditions.

Thus, an armored fire engine is known (utility model according to patent RU No. 202227, А62С27 / 00, s. No. 2020136346 dated 03.11.2020), designed to quickly deliver a large mass of fire extinguishing liquid to the fire zone from refueling sites, tank bridge layer (invention according to the patent No. 2250947, E01D15/12, s. No. 2003115042 dated 05/20/2003), designed for the delivery of large-sized bridge structures and building bridge crossings over obstacles, caterpillar transporter (invention according to patent No. 2207281, B62D55/00, E01D15/12, s. No. 2001110531/28 dated 04/17/2001), designed to deliver self-propelled ferries to the crossing points. The above products are operated both with and without maximum load.

The undercarriage of these products contains six or more rubber-coated rollers on board, a caterpillar with a parallel-type RMSH. The drive wheel and the guide wheel associated with the track tension mechanism are located in the bow or stern of the product. In order to increase the dynamic travel of the road wheels of the first suspensions listed above, their torsion bars are installed above the rest, which are set at the same level. The balancers of all suspensions of the road wheels are directed in the direction of travel backwards, except for the last road wheel of the armored fire engine, which is directed forward. To increase the stability of the caterpillar in the bypass, the tension mechanism creates a pre-tensioning force that stretches the caterpillar.

It is well known that the pretension force T _n = 0.5G׃ is selected from the condition of probable resistances (f) during the movement of the conveyor and the maximum weight (G) of the conveyor with the load. The weight of the conveyor with the load is distributed between the road wheels connected through balancers with torsion bars, the twist angle of which is proportional to the load on the roller.

During the operation of products, the weight load changes significantly, which leads to a change in the relative position of the elements that form the perimeter of the bypass of the undercarriage, the track rollers of the balancers and the twist angles of the torsion bars. Since the initial length of the caterpillar remains unchanged, when the weight load decreases, the suspension is unloaded and, as a result, the static tension increases (see the book by V.F. pp. 36-37).

Additional tension leads to a deterioration in the driving performance of the tracked vehicle (see the book by V.F. Platonov “Tracked and wheeled transport and traction vehicles”. M .: Mashinostroenie, 1986, p. 181), significant losses in rewinding the caterpillar on the drive wheel , increase the load on the elements of the caterpillar chain, pins, RMSH hinges. All this leads to additional fuel consumption, a decrease in the durability and reliability of the conveyor undercarriage.

Mechanisms for automatic tensioning of caterpillars are known, for example, according to patents for invention No. 2547318 and utility models No. 137536, No. 184144, which use the principle of moving the guide wheel using hydropneumatic cylinders. However, when transporting goods weighing from 0.5 to 1 mass of the conveyor, the range of movement of the guide wheel is large, which creates significant loads in the tension mechanism, leading to an increase in the mass-dimensional characteristics of the mechanism, which negatively affects the characteristics of the conveyor.

Hydropneumatic suspensions are known, for example, according to patents for inventions No. 2268839, 2369825 and utility models No. 166609, 173727, in which a constant track tension can be maintained, but they are not used in conjunction with a torsion bar suspension.

The MT-T conveyor was chosen as a prototype (see the book by V.F. Platonov “Crawler and wheeled transport and traction vehicles”, M .: Mashinostroenie, 1986, pp. 30-31, Fig. 7), containing a seven-roller a caterpillar undercarriage with a front drive wheel, a steering wheel with a tension mechanism located in the aft part, a hull, in the bow of which the control compartment is located, and a cargo platform located on the hull. A worm-type tensioning mechanism that moves the guide wheel by means of a lever connected at one end to the worm gear of the worm gear, and at the other end to the guide wheel. When the worm of the worm gear rotates, the worm wheel rotates, with the axis of which the lever is rigidly connected. The other end of the arm moves linearly and moves the idler wheel to create tension on the track.

The disadvantage of the design of the prototype is the lack of the ability to automatically change the tension of the caterpillar with a decrease in the weight of the transported load and the need for great effort to rotate the worm of the worm gear.

The technical result of the utility model is to create a conveyor with a constant track tension that does not depend on the weight of the cargo being transported.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a caterpillar conveyor with increased carrying capacity, containing a caterpillar undercarriage and a torsion bar suspension with balancers, a housing with an engine compartment, a control compartment, and a cargo platform located on the housing, according to the utility model, the balancers of the medium suspensions are connected to the conveyor housing hydraulic cylinders with the possibility of blocking their rod cavities with electrohydraulic valves at the signal of the control device, while the rod cavities of these hydraulic cylinders are connected to the balancers of the corresponding suspensions.

In this case, the control device contains a control unit, a memory unit, sensors of the angular position of the balancers and pressure sensors in the rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders.

At the same time, the caterpillar conveyor is made with the possibility of placing a bridge crossing on the cargo platform and equipment for guiding the bridge crossing.

At the same time, the caterpillar conveyor is made with the possibility of placing ferry crossing units and equipment for guiding ferry crossings on the cargo platform.

At the same time, the caterpillar conveyor is made with the possibility of placing a container with fire extinguishing liquid and equipment for extinguishing fires on the cargo platform.

Analysis of the main distinguishing features showed that:

- connection of the balancers of the middle suspensions with the conveyor body by hydraulic cylinders with the possibility of blocking their rod cavities with electrohydraulic valves at the signal of the control device and the connection of the rod cavities of these hydraulic cylinders with the balancers of the corresponding suspensions, eliminates the unloading of the suspension when the weight of the transported load decreases, which ensures a constant tension of the caterpillar, independent of the weight of the cargo being transported.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which show:

- fig. 1 is a side view of the undercarriage of a heavy-duty tracked conveyor;

- fig. 2 - the position of the electro-hydraulic valve for blocking the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder in the absence of a signal from the control unit, the hydraulic cylinder is unlocked;

- fig. 3 - the position of the electro-hydraulic valve for blocking the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder in the presence of a signal from the control unit, the hydraulic cylinder is blocked;

- fig. 4 - diagram of the control device for blocking the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder;

- fig. 5 - caterpillar conveyor with a bridge crossing and equipment for guiding a bridge crossing placed on a cargo platform;

- fig. 6 - caterpillar conveyor with ferry crossing blocks and equipment for guiding ferry crossings placed on the cargo platform;

- fig. 7 - caterpillar conveyor with a tank with fire extinguishing liquid and equipment for extinguishing fires placed on the cargo platform.

Caterpillar conveyor increased capacity (figure 1) contains a body 1 in the front part of which is located the control cabin with crew jobs 2, in the aft part there is an engine compartment 3, on the top of the body there is a loading platform 4. The conveyor has a caterpillar undercarriage 5. On each side are installed: a caterpillar, for example, with a rubber-metal joint of a parallel type, and rubber-coated track rollers 6. The number of track rollers 6 on board can be 5-7. The balancers 7 connecting the torsion bars 8 and road wheels 6 are located in the direction of backward movement. Torsion bars 8 are located at the same level relative to the housing. In the aft part there is a drive wheel 9, in the bow part a guide wheel 10 with a tension mechanism (not shown in Fig. 1). The undercarriage has support rollers 11 and hydraulic cylinders 12 connecting the balancers 7 with the body 1 and sensors 13 of the angular position of the balancers 7.

The rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 12 (Fig. 2 and 3) is connected to the electro-hydraulic valve 14, blocking the cavity with the help of an electromagnet 15 by a signal transmitted through the electrical connector 16 of the control device (Fig. 4) by blocking the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 12. A pressure sensor 17 is connected to the rod cavity. pressure changes in the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 12

The control device for blocking the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 12 (Fig. 4) contains an angular position sensor 13 (DUP) of the balancer 7, a memory unit 18 (BP) of the angular position of the balancer 7, a control unit 19 (CU), a switch button 20 of the memory unit 18 (BP) from the sensor 13 of the angular position of the balancer (DUP) to the control unit 19 (CU), the pressure sensor 17 (DD), which records the change in pressure in the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 12, the comparison unit 21 (BS), which determines the decrease in pressure in the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 12 to the minimum values close to the atmosphere, equal to zero, and the electrical connector 16, which transmits the blocking-unblocking signal from the control unit 19 to the electromagnet 15.

On the cargo platform 4 can be placed bridge crossing 22 and equipment for building a bridge crossing (see Fig. 5).

On the cargo platform 4 can be placed ferry 23 (see Fig. 6).

On the cargo platform 4 can be placed a tank with fire-extinguishing liquid and fire-fighting equipment (see Fig. 7).

During operation of the undercarriage of the caterpillar conveyor with increased carrying capacity, the torque from the engine supplied to the drive wheel 9 is converted into a tractive effort, which ensures the realization of traction and braking forces by the caterpillar due to the forces of adhesion to the ground.

Suspended on torsion bars 8, the maximum weight of the conveyor with a load through balancers 7, track rollers 6 and caterpillar 5 is transferred to the ground, while an elastic connection of the body with track rollers 6 is formed to mitigate shocks and shocks that occur when driving over uneven terrain. Since one end of the torsion bar 8 is fixedly fixed in the machine body, and the other - in the balance bar 7, then when the track roller 6 hits an unevenness and the balance bar 7 turns, the torsion bar 8 twists and softens the shocks and shocks perceived by the machine. The rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 12 connecting the balancers 7 of the middle rollers 6 with the body 1 of the conveyor are unlocked and do not resist the elastic twisting of the torsion bars 8.

Before starting work (conveyor with maximum load), the memory unit 18 (BP) is connected by a button 19 to the sensors 13 of the angular positions of the balancers (DUP) and remembers their static position at maximum load, which determines the tension of the caterpillar. When the weight of the load decreases, button 20 switches, disconnecting (BP) from (DUP) and connecting it to (BU).

With a decrease in the weight of the transported load, the loads on the rollers 6 decrease, which leads to a decrease in the angles of twist of the torsion bars 8 and a change in the position of the balancers 7. Block 19 compares the signals from the angular position sensor 13 (DUP) of the balancer 7 and the memory unit 18 (BP) of the angular position of the balancer 7 in a static position with the maximum weight of the load. If the signals (DUP) and (BP) coincide, the control unit 19 (CU) issues a command to block the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 12. Blocking the rod end of the hydraulic cylinders does not allow the suspension to change the geometry of the bypass and increase the tension of the caterpillar chain with a decrease in the weight of the transported load.

With an increase in the load on the roller, hitting an unevenness, the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 12 moves towards the piston cavity, while reducing the pressure in the locked rod cavity. The pressure sensor 17 detects a decrease in pressure and, when the pressure reaches about zero atmospheres, it gives a signal to unlock the rod end. The suspension goes into the elastic deformation mode.

Claims (5)

1. A caterpillar conveyor with increased payload capacity, containing a caterpillar undercarriage and a torsion bar suspension with balancers, a body with an engine compartment, a control compartment and a loading platform located on the body, characterized in that the balancers of the medium suspensions are connected to the conveyor body by hydraulic cylinders with the possibility of blocking their rod cavities by electro-hydraulic valves at the signal of the control device, while the rod cavities of these hydraulic cylinders are connected to the balancers of the corresponding suspensions. 2. Caterpillar conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device contains a control unit, a memory unit, sensors of the angular position of the balancers and pressure sensors in the rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders. 3. Caterpillar conveyor under item 1, characterized in that the conveyor is made with the possibility of placing on the cargo platform of the bridge and equipment for guiding the bridge. 4. Caterpillar conveyor p. 1, characterized in that the conveyor is made with the possibility of placing on the loading platform blocks of the ferry crossing and equipment for guiding ferry crossings. 5. Caterpillar conveyor p. 1, characterized in that the conveyor is made with the possibility of placing on the loading platform a container with extinguishing liquid and equipment for extinguishing fires.

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