RU2169648C1 - Burner of thermic gas jet cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: gas flame treatment of materials. SUBSTANCE: jet head with tube for feeding combustible is arranged coaxially relative to combustion chamber. Rod with grooves is arranged inside said tube. Grooves form ducts for heating combustible. Intermediate shell is placed with gap between outer casing of burner and wall of combustion chamber. Annular passages of cooling system are formed by walls of members of burners with possibility for heating oxidizer supplied to burner in its outer annular passages and with possibility for cooling it in inner passage due to transmitting heat to fed combustible. EFFECT: possibility of rational use of combustible energy, simplified operation of burner. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices for flame treatment of materials, including their cutting, and can be used in various fields of national economy.

 Known devices for cutting metals based on the processes of burning metals in an oxygen environment [1]. However, their disadvantage is that only low-carbon steels lend themselves well to this cutting method. The use of flux for cutting other low-combustible and non-combustible metals significantly complicates the equipment and increases the cost of work. Known devices devoid of these disadvantages due to the use for cutting supersonic and high-temperature jet of combustion products [2].

 Known closest in technical essence to the claimed device for thermogas cutting, containing a combustion chamber, nozzle and cooling jacket [3].

 The disadvantage of this device is the presence of flow cooling of the combustion chamber, necessary to ensure the operability of the burner at extremely high temperatures (T ≈ 4000 K) of fuel combustion.

 The objective of the invention is to reduce energy losses associated with cooling the chamber, and improving the performance of the burner by using its own fuel components as a cooler.

 The technical result that can be obtained by using the invention is that it allows you to use the chemical energy of the fuel and get rid of the additional working fluid (cooler), as well as to simplify the operation of the burner due to the lack of supply hoses, a supply pump for the cooler and its power supply .

 According to the invention, a gas-gas torch burner containing an outer casing, a combustion chamber, a nozzle and a cooling system is provided with a nozzle head, a fuel supply pipe to the nozzle head located coaxially to the combustion chamber, a rod with grooves forming channels for heating the fuel, and an intermediate shell in the tube installed with a gap between the outer casing of the burner and the wall of the combustion chamber, while the wall of the outer casing, the intermediate shell, the wall of the combustion chamber and the wall of the feed tube fuels are installed to form interconnected outer and inner annular channels of the burner cooling system, configured to heat the oxidizing agent entering the burner in its outer annular channels and cool them in the inner annular channel by transferring heat to the supplied fuel.

 Gaseous oxygen (oxidizing agent) before being fed to the nozzle head is directed to the external channels of the burner cooling system, forming the cooling jacket of the combustion chamber, where it removes heat fluxes coming from the combustion products to such an extent that the temperature of the chamber walls is acceptable under operating conditions. The superheated oxygen then enters the internal channel of the cooling system, where it gives up part of its heat to liquid fuel (kerosene or diesel fuel), which improves the quality of the spray of the latter, which ensures high completeness of fuel combustion and increases the efficiency of the device.

 In the inventive device does not use a special cooler. The combustion chamber is cooled by its own fuel component - gaseous oxygen. The cooling system of the chamber is performed with two consecutive channels with a counter-current flow diagram of the cooler, providing more uniform heat removal. In the device, the fuel is heated due to the heat removed by the cooler (oxygen) during the cooling of the combustion chamber. The fuel feed channel is a collection of small-scale grooves.

 The originality of the solution lies in the fact that all the heat involved in the thermal protection cycle of the design of the combustion chamber of the thermal cutter remains in it and is optimally redistributed to individual sections, while ensuring thermal stability of the structure and high quality of the process of mixing and combustion of fuel.

 For the industrial implementation of the proposed technical solution does not require the development of special technology or equipment. The manufacturing process includes the usual machining operations performed on standard equipment in general engineering enterprises.

 In FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a torch burner; in FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the device along section AA in FIG. 1.

 The burner device comprises a combustion chamber 1, a nozzle 2, a nozzle head 3 with nozzle openings 4. The cooling jacket of the combustion chamber is made with two consecutive annular channels. Channel 5 is formed by the wall of the chamber 1 and the intermediate shell 6, channel 7 is formed by the intermediate shell 6 and the outer casing 8 of the burner.

 In the area of the front bottom 10, there is an annular heat exchange channel 9 for heating liquid fuel, connected in series with the annular channel 5 of the chamber cooling jacket and formed by the wall of the combustion chamber 1 and the fuel supply pipe 11 to the nozzle head 3. Inside the tube 11 there is a rod 12 with profiled grooves 13 for pumping fuel, made on the outer surface of the rod. On the outer shell of the burner there is a fitting 14 for supplying gaseous oxygen to the cooling jacket.

 The device operates as follows. Gaseous oxygen through the nozzle 14 enters sequentially into the annular channels 7 and 5 of the cooling system, removing heat fluxes from the structural elements of the combustion chamber, including the nozzle 2 and the shell 1. From the cooling jacket, the heated oxygen enters the heat exchange channel 9, where it transfers part of the heat to the elements node for supplying liquid fuel and nozzle head, and then enters the combustion chamber, where it mixes and reacts with fuel.

 The liquid fuel through the inlet pipe 11 enters through the grooves 13 of the core 12 into the nozzle head 3. As it moves along the grooves, the fuel is heated by the excess heat of the cooling oxygen, partially evaporates and is injected through the nozzle openings 4 into the oxygen stream in the combustion chamber, where it mixes and enters with him in a chemical reaction. The resulting combustion products flow through the nozzle 2 in the form of a high-temperature supersonic cutting jet.

 The proposed thermoset is lightweight, convenient and economical to use.

Sources of information
1. Evseev G. B., Glizmanenko D.L. Equipment and technology for flame treatment of metals and non-metallic materials. Textbook for university students. M., "Engineering", 1974. 312 p. with silt.

 2. Polyaev V.M., Alexandrenkov V.P. "Thermogas-and-gas apparatus for cutting metals and non-metallic materials." Metallurg N 11/94 s.p. 29-32.

3. Patent 2038931 of the Russian Federation PMK ⁶ F 23 D 14/38 Device for flame treatment of materials / A.V. Gurinov et al. 07/09/95 // B.I. - 1995. - N 19.

Claims (1)

 A gas-and-gas torch burner comprising an outer casing, a combustion chamber, a nozzle, and a cooling system, characterized in that it is equipped with a nozzle head, a fuel supply pipe to the nozzle head located coaxially to the combustion chamber, and a rod with grooves installed in the tube to form channels for heating the fuel, and an intermediate shell installed with a gap between the outer casing of the burner and the wall of the combustion chamber, while the wall of the outer casing, the intermediate shell, the wall of the combustion chamber and the wall of the pipe cottages fuel to form a set of interconnected outer and inner ring channels torch cooling system adapted to heat the oxidant entering the burner in its outer annuli and its cooling by heat transfer in an internal annular channel of the fuel supplied.

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