RU2169463C1 - Frame with double-sized dividers and minimum gap between casings - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: apiculture. SUBSTANCE: frame has construction providing two different comb spacings by specific profile of permanent dividers mounted on side planks. Mated arrangement of dividers provides for minimum distance and opposite arrangement provides for maximum distance. Longitudinal slots in upper frame plank and asymmetrical arrangement of lower frame plank mounted on the edge increase area of comb to frame size at one side and to size approximating frame size at other side. Frame is strengthened by mounting central vertical spacer. Stainless steel wire is tightened in frame. Mounting of frame without vertical gap in multiple-story hives allows frame to be withdrawn from casing without damage to comb and besides improves development of bee families in spring and provides keeping of bee families in winter. EFFECT: simplified construction and improved strength of frame. 11 dwg

Description

 Known frameworks, on the lateral slats of which there are dividers that provide the framework with a fixation necessary for transporting bees to honey collection (Dictionary-reference beekeeper. State. Publishing house of agricultural literature. M., 1955, p. 309). At the same time, the same distance is established between all cells, which limits the use of many effective methods of content. For example, without removing the requirement of fixation, it is impossible to reduce the distance between the nesting frames in order to quickly increase the mass of bees in the spring and artificially induce a swarm state, or vice versa to increase the interframe gaps in the honey bodies to exclude the uterus from scarring and to obtain more full-bodied frames. Other techniques exist that are being created and require periodic changes in interframe distances in the annual cycle of care for bee families. Permanent dividers deprive the beekeeper of many useful opportunities, which significantly impoverishes the palette of the techniques used by him, and as a result leads to a decrease in the yield of apiaries.

 In addition, the commonly used frames, regardless of their vertical dimensions, have significant heights of their upper and lower bars, which total 3 cm. Considering the vertical clearance of 1 cm, the distance that bees must travel during the transition from the body to the body is not less than 4 cm

 In the spring, it is precisely this distance that in many cases impedes the effective operation of the uterus in several cases at once. Attempts to eliminate this distance led to the development of enlarged nesting frames measuring 50x50 cm. But large sizes and, accordingly, weight make it difficult to remove bees from the frames, organize layering and select honey, since brood is usually found in the lower part of the frame. In winter, an intercellular vertical distance of 4 cm can cause a family to die of starvation due to difficulties in moving to the upper aft housing. The creation of better conditions for the transition of bees from frame to frame and an increase in the useful area of a honeycomb is achieved by applying the Nesterov framework (ed. Certificate of the USSR N 1759349, class A 01 K 47/00, publication 1992). However, there are no separators in it and this frame is not adapted for transportation of bees.

 The proposed frame is free from the above disadvantages. Having an increased area of cells with the same external dimensions, it provides on the one hand a constant, but two-dimensional horizontal separation between cells, that is, it is suitable for both nesting and honey bodies, and on the other hand, a reduced intercell distance to 0.3 cm across verticals. The frame design is the same for both nesting and magazine frames and differs only in size. The frame can be used in standard multihull hives with store extensions, as well as in other types of hives. Hives with such frames are always ready for transportation.

 Frame design.

 A frame with two-dimensional dividers and a minimum inter-clearance gap is shown in FIG. 1 A, B, C and 2.

 It consists of upper 1, lower 2, two side strips 3, a vertical spacer 4 made of wood, and stainless steel wire 5, which serves not only to hold the wax, but also to give (together with the spacer) the necessary strength of the frame. The method of fastening parts or the trajectory of the wire by wire when it is pulled is illustrated in FIG. 3, 4 and 5, where the letters indicate the nodal points of FIG. 2. For example, the nodes M and P corresponding to the midpoints of the side strips are shown as one segment of FIG. 5 with indices M, R. Voshchin in FIG. not shown.

 The upper bar has standard shoulders for mounting frames in the hive’s body. On one side of the upper plank at a distance of 6 cm from each of its ends, a through cut was made, going 1 mm beyond the middle of the plank. On the other hand, stepwise sampling was performed, so that the height of the upper horizontal shelf remaining after sampling is 3 mm, and the vertical width is 6 mm (Fig. 1 C section along the CC). The lower bar in cross section represents a rectangle with dimensions of 18 mm vertically and 6 mm horizontally.

 The side strips, both of which are identical, have a bottom cut for vertical bottom cut, made in such a way that its inner side is in the same plane with the longitudinal recess of the top strap (Fig. 1 C section along the CC). The ledges are located on the lateral sides of the plank in such a way that, if they are located on two adjacent frames, the minimum distance between the mediastinum is provided, and the maximum distance (min and max in Fig. 1 C) is provided. These distances themselves can be chosen by any and various. For example, the minimum - from 32 mm and above, and the maximum from 36 mm and above. As average recommended can be called 33 and 39 mm, respectively. It is possible to use frames of several sizes in one hive, for example, with pairs of fixed intercellular distances of 33/36 mm and 36/39 mm, respectively.

 The vertical strut is in cross section a triangle with side 10 and a height of 11 mm and with the same cuts at the ends for attachment to the upper and lower trims (CC section and view along E in Fig. 1 A). The spacer stands on the lower bar and rests on the upper, thereby holding the latter from deflection under the weight of honey. The lower bar, in turn, in the center, where the spacer is attached to it, is kept from deflection by a steel wire coming from the upper corners of the frame (Figs. 2, 3 and 4). Thus, the weight of honey transferred from the honeycomb to the upper bar affects the spacer, and then from its lower end to the wire fixed under the heads of the nails connecting the upper and side strips (view in E in Fig. 1 A and Fig. 2, nodes 3 and K in Fig. 5 C). Further, the wire passes down along the side planks at a distance of 5 mm from them to the lower plank and serves to fasten the upper and lower planks of the frame, and not just to hold the wax. When removing the frame from the hive, if it is connected by bees to the underlying one, it is the wire that takes all the loads. Therefore, stainless steel wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm was used. The features of tensioning and securing the wire are shown in FIG. 2-5. Thanks to the proposed method of tensioning the wire, it is possible to completely tear off the upper case from the lower one without destroying the frames even if they are attached by bees to the underlying ones. The latter circumstance allows the use of such frames when they are installed in cases without vertical gaps.

 As a result of the chosen design, one side of the frame, neither from the top nor from the bottom, has limitations for the detuning of the honeycomb and the latter occupies the entire overall size. That is, for standard nesting and magazine frames of a multi-hive hive, this is 23.0 and 14.5 cm. When installing such frames in standard cases, on one side of each frame we get a vertical free space of only 1 cm from the honeycomb. This is 4 times less than usual . With more accurate manufacture of frames and cases, a gap of 0.7 cm can be ensured. Such a small gap is a lesser obstacle for the uterus to worm in full force in several cases and bees can switch to honeycombs in the upper case in winter. On the other side of the honeycomb, both on the lower bar and on the upper, cells of a smaller depth are built in, but this does not complicate the winter transition of bees.

 Almost complete elimination of the vertical clearance is possible. For example, with the heights of the frames 238 and 153 and the same standard cases, only a technological gap of 0.2 cm will remain between the frames. The bees will build it up. But the strength of the proposed frame design is sufficient to tear it off without breaking the cell. Since the uterus will easily move along the honeycombs vertically, there is no need for frequent rearrangement of the cases.

 In the summer, when the family gains more power, and the nest will already occupy several buildings, you can rearrange them. In order to not waste time cutting wax outgrowths from the lower frames of the frames, it is necessary to place gaskets 1 cm high under the cases. In this case, we will get the old multi-case system with a vertical gap between the frames of 1 cm. But at this time of the season this distance to bees is no longer it will hurt.

 Assembly frame.

 Previously, in the conductor, 6 and 2 holes for the wire are drilled in the upper and lower trims, respectively (view along E in Fig. 1 A and Figs. 3 and 4). In the mounting device according to the assembly dimensions, the upper, side and lower trims of the frame are installed. Then, 4 through holes are drilled beneath the nails at the ends of the upper plank along the conductor, somewhat recessed into the body of the side planks, with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the nail. Then the nails are hammered into the holes, not completely, so that their hats protrude 1.5 mm above the upper bar. Also, 2 nails are not completely driven into the pre-drilled holes of the lower bar. After that, a vertical strut is installed in the center of the frame with previously drilled holes at its ends. The upper end is attracted by wire to the upper bar of the frame (Fig. 4). Then, the first wire line (F-Z-I-K-L) is laid, as shown in FIG. 2. Its trajectory at nodes Z, K and G, A is shown in FIG. 5, C and B, and in the center of the lower bar - in FIG. 3 (in the node And). The wire is wound under the caps of the nails of the upper and lower strips, after which the nails are completely hammered.

 The second wire line is laid (M-N-O-P-P). Its path and assembly design are shown in FIG. 5 A, D, E. The ends at points M and P also twist under the head of the nails. In node 0.01, the wire passes into the spacer hole and is wound thereon. The final alignment of the left and right sides in the first and second lines is achieved by tensioning the wire jumpers TU and FX, respectively (Fig. 2). The tension of the first and second lines of wires and jumpers should ensure the rectangularity of the frame.

 After the frame is assembled, a wax is applied to the plane formed by the longitudinal recess of the upper bar, the lower bar and the vertical spacer and rolls to the bars and wire in the usual way. In a wax, to facilitate the horizontal transition from honeycomb to honeycomb, which is important especially in winter, it is necessary to make 3-4 holes with a diameter of 8 mm in the middle of the honeycomb height. For the first time, honeycomb with wax is recommended to be placed with a minimum inter-cell distance. After the detuning of the cell - if necessary with the required distance. With subsequent detuning by the bees of the honeycomb, it completely occupies the entire size of the frame.

Claims (1)

 A frame with two-dimensional dividers and a minimum inter-body clearance, consisting of an upper, lower, two side strips, a vertical spacer and a wire fastening them, characterized in that the side strips are provided with protrusions asymmetrically located on the left and right sides in such a way that with a consonant arrangement on two adjacent frames, the minimum distance between the cells is provided, and with the oncoming one, the maximum, cuts are made along the upper bar, so that on one side the height of the upper horizontal shelves is 3 mm, vertical width - 6 mm; on the other hand, there is a through longitudinal recess extending 1 mm beyond the middle of the strip, asymmetrical vertical cuts are made in the lower end of the side strips to fix the lower strip so that their inner side is in the same plane with the through longitudinal depression of the upper strip, in the center of the frame between the upper and lower slats have a vertical strut of triangular section so that it rests on them with the ends of the cuts, while the inner side of the strut, the longitudinal recess of the upper bar and the inner the lower bar is located in one plane, on which a wax is superimposed, the brackets fastening the wire frame are stretched in two lines so that the first line fastens the upper and lower bars near the side bars, supports the center of the lower bar from deflection and gives the strength to the center of the lower bar and rigidity of the entire frame, and the second line connects the side strips with the lower bar and the spacer, the final alignment of the left and right sides of both lines is ensured by the tension of the wire check connecting these sides with a spacer.

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