RU2162030C2 - Sawdust concrete vibrocompression device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction engineering; sawdust concrete vibrocompression. SUBSTANCE: device consists of rigidly secured table, fixed damper and metering boxes located between them, bottomless service bunker with bearing plates and hydraulic system. Connected in parallel in pressure main of compressing hydraulic cylinders are: pulsating pump made in form of gear pump with partially cut tooth of one gear and hydraulic accumulator with pressure-reducing valve; changeable molds are provided with covers fitted with pins-retainers and springs. EFFECT: improved quality of mixture compression. 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the building materials industry, and in particular to devices for the manufacture of wood concrete.

 A device for the manufacture of concrete products with sawdust (AS Czechoslovakia N 162180 class 80a 14/15 (B 28 B 1/08) from 02.15.76), which includes a mold, a device for loading the mold with a mixture and ramming for compaction mixtures. Moreover, the tamper is cut along two parallel vertical planes into three parts that can move vertically relative to one another. The rammer strikes the mixture in the form, first with one part extended downward, then with the other, and at the end with an even working surface.

 The disadvantages of the known device are the uneven density of the mixture in the volume of the mold after compaction, as well as the possibility of unpressing the mixture after unloading due to the elasticity of the sawdust.

 The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a hydraulic vibrating press (AS USSR N 398396 class B 28 B 1/10 from 11/21/74), containing a rigidly fixed table, interchangeable forms, a hydraulic system with pressing hydraulic cylinders and a pulsator pump .

 However, the known device is complex in design and does not prevent decompression of the mixture after unloading.

 However, the known device is difficult in design due to the use of an additional electrical control system.

 An object of the invention is to simplify the design by using a hydraulic vibrator and preventing the mixture from softening after unloading.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known device for vibrocompression of arbolite containing a rigidly fixed table (bed), interchangeable forms and hydraulic system, according to the invention, a pulsating pump in the form of a gear pump with partially embedded tooth of one of the gears and a hydraulic accumulator are parallelly connected to the line of the pressing hydraulic cylinders with a pressure reducing valve, and interchangeable forms are equipped with caps with locking pins and springs.

 Thus, the simplification of the design is achieved by the inclusion in the hydraulic system that provides the pressing force, a pulsator pump and a hydraulic accumulator with a pressure reducing valve, which eliminates the need for an electric vibrator, and prevents the mixture from softening after unloading by installing covers with finger clips on removable forms and springs.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:
in FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a device for vibropressing wood concrete;
in FIG. 2 - section aa;
in FIG. 3 is a hydraulic diagram of the device;
in FIG. 4 is a diagram of the movement of the working fluid in the phase of interaction of the gear with partially cut tooth (a) and the normal gear (b) of the gear pump-pulsator;
in FIG. 5 - section BB.

 The device for vibrocompression of arbolite (Fig. 1, 2) consists of a rigidly fixed table (bed) 1, a fixed shutter 2 and measuring boxes 3 located between them, a bottomless feed hopper 4 with a base plate 5, bottom forms 6 openings with openings 7, covers 8 with retaining fingers 9 and springs 10 and a hydraulic system (Fig. 3), including a hydraulic tank 11, a hydraulic pump 12 with constant capacity, hydraulic valves 13 and 14, a safety valve 15 and a filter unit 16. The hydraulic distributor 13 is connected to the cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 17 moving the feed hopper 4, and the valve 14 is connected to the cavities of the pressing hydraulic cylinders 18, at the ends of the rods of which the platforms are fixed 19. The piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 18 are connected to the gear pump-pulsator 20, at the inlet of which a hydraulic accumulator 21 and a pressure reducing valve 22 are installed.

 A device for vibropressing wood concrete works as follows.

 The hydraulic pump 12 draws in the working fluid from the hydraulic tank 11 and sends it to the control valves 13 and 14, whose spools are in the neutral position (position H), and then through the filter unit 16 to the hydraulic tank 11. When switching the control valve 13 and position L, the working fluid enters the piston cavity hydraulic cylinders 17 and moves the feed hopper 4 to the left, installing it above the measuring boxes 3 and filling them with a mixture. Then the spool valve 13 is installed in position P, the working fluid enters the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinders 17 and moves the feed hopper to the right, installing it above the fixed damper 2. Interchangeable forms 6 are installed on the mixture in the measuring boxes 3.

 The control valve spool 14 is switched to position P, the working fluid enters the piston cavities of the pressing hydraulic cylinders 18 and their rods together with the covers 8 move upwards and displace the mixture from the measuring boxes 3 into molds 6, which are kept from moving by the base plate 5. At this moment, the accumulator is charged 21 through a pressure reducing valve 22.

 The pulsating pressure necessary to ensure that the internal adhesion forces between the particles of the mixture to be overcome is created by the gear pump-pulsator 20, which has a partially cut tooth on one of the gears. In the interaction of normal teeth, the working fluid is displaced from the depressions of the pulsator pump 20, combined with the flow of the working fluid from the pump 12 and enters the piston cavity of the pressing hydraulic cylinders 18. At the time when the partially cut tooth of the gear wheel a (Fig. 4, 5) is in contact with with gear wheel b, the working fluid under pressure from the rod cavity of the pressing hydraulic cylinders 18 from the pump 12 through the formed channel in the pump-pulsator 20 is poured into its suction line and charges the accumulator 21. B the gear wheel and the tooth is cut out on 2/3 of its length and thereby stable and reliable engagement of all the teeth of both gears is maintained. The lateral surfaces of adjacent teeth are also partially cut to increase the area of the channel with the aim of a quick overflow of the working fluid from the discharge line of the pump-pulsator 20 into its suction cavity. During this period, the pressure in the accumulator 21 increases slightly and the pressure relief valve 22 is turned off.

 With further rotation of the gears of the pulsator pump 20, the partially cut tooth a overlaps and the working fluid from the accumulator 21 is pumped by the pulsator pump 20 into the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 18.

 The pressure reducing valve 22 provides the necessary charging pressure of the hydraulic accumulator 21, thereby achieving the best conditions for the suction of the working fluid by the pump-pulsator 20, since an increase in pressure in the suction line of the pump-pulsator 20 makes it possible to increase its rotation frequency and, accordingly, the frequency of pressure pulsations in the piston cavities of the pressing hydraulic cylinders 18 .

 The pulsating flow of the working fluid provides a gradual upward movement of the rods of the hydraulic cylinders 18 with a variable pressing force. When the rods 18 reach the displacement necessary to obtain the desired density of the mixture, the retainer fingers 9 are fed by springs 10 into the holes 7 of form 6, fixing the position of the covers 8. At the same time, the valve spool 14 is installed in position O, the working fluid from the pump 12 is sent to the rod cavities pressing hydraulic cylinders 18 and their rods are lowered down to the exit platforms 19 of the measuring boxes 3 (position I of Fig. 2). On the platform 19, new covers 8 are laid and by switching the spool of the control valve 14 to position P, the rods of the pressing hydraulic cylinders 18 with platforms 19 and covers 8 rise up and are installed at a given height h (position II) of the measuring boxes 3.

 In the process of lowering the rods of the hydraulic cylinders 18, the pump-pulsator 20 is not involved and the accumulator 21 is gradually discharged.

 The spool valve 13 switches to position L, the working fluid enters the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinders 17 and moves the feed hopper 4 to the left, moving the mold 6 on the table 1 and installing the hopper 4 above the measuring boxes 3 and filling them with the mixture. Then the process repeats. Form 6 with a mixture of sealed and protected from extrusion fixed covers 8 are removed from the table 1 and sent for drying.

Claims (1)

 A device for vibrocompressing arbolite, containing a rigidly fixed table, interchangeable forms, a hydraulic system with pressing hydraulic cylinders and a pulsator pump, characterized in that it is equipped with a consumable bottomless hopper with a base plate, measuring boxes located between the table and the stationary shutter, and interchangeable forms with covers with locking pins and springs, while a pulsating pump in the form of a gear pump with a partially cut tooth of one of gears, and a hydraulic accumulator with a pressure reducing valve.

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