RU2161546C1 - Method of continuous multistrand horizontal casting of flat ingots, plant for method embodiment, multistrand mold and plant pulling device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy, particularly, methods and devices for multistrand horizontal continuous casting. SUBSTANCE: method consists in supply of molten mixture to hollow of mol, periodic pulling of forming one above the other ingots and their subsequent fettling. Fettling of all ingots is accomplished concurrently by planing from both sides in direction square to direction of casing during stopping of pulling. Plant for embodiment of claimed method has strands arranged one above the other. Mold is made with molding channels formed by panels in joint position. Installed in panels shaping ingot faces are pipes connected with coolant inlet and outlet pipes. Branch pipes are installed to ensure counter motion of coolant in neighboring pipes. Pulling device has body with channels to pass ingots and clamping member. Body has reciprocation drive. Clamping members are made in the form of wedges with intermediate plates connected with drive via transverse levers. EFFECT: higher efficiency of process, reduced overall dimensions of plant and number of auxiliary equipment. 6 cl, 8 dwg

Description

 The proposed group of inventions relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to foundry, and can be used for the production of flat ingots by continuous horizontal casting.

 There is a method of continuous horizontal casting of flat ingots, according to which a liquid melt from a casting ladle is fed to a mold, where a solid ingot is formed, periodically drawn by pulling rolls (Austrian Patent N 369299, B 22 D 11/14, 1982) [1].

 The disadvantages of this method include its low productivity due to the formation of one ingot, as well as the use of a casting ladle as a container with liquid melt, the emptying of which requires replacement, which necessitates stopping the casting.

 A known method of continuous horizontal casting, according to which flat ingots are formed in a single mold, and are pulled in opposite directions.

 The installation for implementing this method comprises a metal receiver, a mold placed under it with opposite outlet openings and a pulling device (SU 899248 B 22 D 11/14, 01/23/1982) [2], (SU 916067 B 22 D 11/14, 03/30/1982 ) [3].

 Since two ingots are formed simultaneously in the known method and installation, they have a higher productivity than that of the previous analogue, however, due to the ingots being drawn in opposite directions, these plants have excessively large dimensions and large areas are required for their placement, which is their drawback.

 A known method of multi-strand continuous horizontal casting of flat ingots, in which the melt from the metal receiver is fed into the molds, form ingots in them, which are periodically pulled to one side and protect (Prospect company METATERM from the exhibition "Metallurgy-91", held on February 21-26 1991 in Moscow [4]).

 Installation for implementing this method includes a melting furnace, a metal receiver, crystallizers located side by side in one horizontal plane, a pulling and stripping device.

 The main disadvantages of the known method and installation are their lack of productivity caused by the simultaneous formation of only two ingots.

 An increase in the number of streams of more than two is practically impracticable, since this will require the installation of a large metal detector, which is necessary to connect all crystallizers to it.

 In addition, the installation occupies a large area and requires an independent set of service equipment on each stream of the installation after leaving the molds.

 A known mold for continuous casting in the form of a water-cooled graphite liner, in which two ingots are placed one above the other from one metal receiver (SU 430951, B 22 D 11/14) 06.06.1974) [5].

 The disadvantage of this mold is its inability to cast flat ingots, since heat is removed from the periphery of the liner, and there is no cooling of the walls between the streams.

 Known crystallizer installation for continuous casting of flat ingots, containing two molds, consisting of graphite inserts enclosed in a cooled jacket, while the molds are located in the same shirt, while the molds are located in one horizontal plane [4].

 The disadvantage is the bulkiness of the metal receiver, as when casting wide strips (500 mm), a large distance between the axes of the molds is required. In addition, it is necessary to manufacture double the amount of the same types of equipment, which increases the cost of installation and occupies a large area.

 Known pulling devices, including clamping elements, holding the ingot exiting the mold for a certain predetermined period of time, and an ingot moving mechanism, which is a pair of drive rollers that perform reciprocating movement by a predetermined amount - drawing step - (DE 1583611, In 22 D 11/14, 1984) [6].

 A disadvantage of the known device is the impossibility of its use in multi-strand continuous casting installations with the placement of ingots on top of each other.

 A pulling device for multi-walled installation is known, in which the clamping elements and ingot moving mechanisms are placed in a single housing equipped with a reciprocating drive and channels for the passage of two ingots, while the clamping elements themselves are made in the form of pressure rollers resting on an inclined surface - ( SU 825272, B 22 D 11/14, 1985) [7].

 From RU 2027541 Cl B 22 D 11/04, 01/27/1995 [8] a method for continuous multi-strand horizontal casting of flat ingots, an apparatus for continuous multi-strand horizontal casting of flat ingots, a multi-strand mold for this installation and a pulling device are known. The known invention is the closest analogue to the proposed invention.

 The disadvantages of the invention are insufficient productivity, cumbersome installation, the inability to place ingots on top of each other.

 The desired technical result is the elimination of the disadvantages of the prototype [8].

 The specified technical result is achieved in part of the method by the fact that in the known method of continuous horizontal casting of flat ingots, including melting the charge, feeding the melt from the metal receiver into the cavity of the mold, forming the ingots, periodically drawing them and subsequent cleaning the surface of the ingots, forming the ingots is carried out with their arrangement on top of the other, and stripping is carried out simultaneously of all ingots during the period of stopping their pulling from the mold by planing on both sides in board perpendicular to the direction of elongation.

 In terms of the installation for the implementation of this method, the technical result is achieved in that in the known installation of continuous multi-strand horizontal casting of flat ingots containing a melting furnace, a metal receiver, a mold, a pulling and stripping device, the melting furnace is combined with a metal receiver and made in the form of a tank divided by a partition, and is made in the form of a tank divided by a partition into two communicating chambers: a melting and distributing chamber, and the installation streams are located one above the other.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the mold containing water-cooled graphite inserts, the inserts are mounted on top of each other, enclosed in a single water-cooling casing and made of separate panels, forming in the docked position brooks of rectangular cross section, and in the panels forming wide edges of the ingot, perpendicular the axes of the ingot are made through channels in which thin-walled tubes are tightly placed, connected to the cooler supply and exhaust pipes installed to ensure The repeated movement of the cooler in adjacent tubes. In this case, the panels can be in the form of plates, the shape of channels or I-beams.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed pulling device comprising a housing equipped with a reciprocating drive with channels for the passage of ingots and clamping elements installed above each of the channels, the clamping elements are made in the form of wedges, and the device is equipped with intermediate plates freely installed under each of the wedges, and wishbones connecting the wedges to the housing and the drive of the clamping elements.

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the installation for continuous multi-strand horizontal casting of flat ingots;
in FIG. 2 is a general view of a multi-strand mold for continuous horizontal casting of flat ingots;
in FIG. 3 - the same, view A;
in FIG. 4 - pulling device for the specified mold, General view;
in FIG. 5 - the same, view B;
in FIG. 6 - same, plan view;
in FIG. 7 and 8 are embodiments of the mold channels of the mold.

 Installation for continuous multi-strand horizontal casting of flat ingots contains a melting furnace, a metal receiver with a lined body and a bath, divided by a vertical partition 1 into two chambers: a large smelter 2 and a smaller transfer 3, chambers 2 and 3 communicate with each other by a metal wire 4, made in the partition 1 in its lower part. The melting chamber 2 is equipped with a heat generator, for example, an induction channel unit 5.

 This embodiment of the furnace ensures that the melt level in the transfer chamber is kept constant, which eliminates the exposure of the lining, its wetting by the melt and its oxidation.

 A multi-armed crystallizer 6 is connected to the side of the wall of the dispensing chamber 3 to form several ingots simultaneously one above the other in its working channels.

 At the exit from the mold 6, a pulling device 7, a device for stripping ingots (not shown conventionally), and a device for winding 8 ingots into coils are placed.

 The method of continuous multi-strand horizontal casting of flat ingots is carried out during operation of the described installation, which occurs as follows.

 The mixture is loaded into the melting chamber 2 of the metal-receiving furnace and melted until a liquid bath with a predetermined level is obtained in the transfer chamber 3, which ensures filling the mold-forming cavities (channels) of the crystallizer 6 with liquid metal. As hard ingots are formed in the mold 6, they are pulled out of the mold 6 by a predetermined step by the pulling device 7. At the time of a pause, the ingots are fixed by special means and the surface of the ingots is cleaned, for which toolholders with cutters are independently driven into the space between the streams, begin to move and carry out the working stroke across the axis of the ingots, while the surface layer of the metal is removed with a strip whose width exceeds the size of the step of drawing the ingot.

 At the end of the processing, the cutters make a return stroke and are removed from the inter-grid space, after which the ingots are drawn to the next drawing step, and the processing cycle is repeated.

 The combination of the processes of casting ingots and processing of their surface allows to increase the productivity of the casting process due to the rational use of a temporary pause between the extracts of ingots, which is an integral part of casting technology. The specified combination process occurs on all cast ingots.

 The mold for the described installation consists of a metal water-cooled casing 9, in which graphite panels 10 are enclosed, joined in such a way that they form among themselves a series of cavities 11 located one above the other and forming mold channels of the mold.

 The panels 10, which form the wide edges of the ingots, have through holes in which thin-walled tubes 12 are placed, connected at the ends with nozzles connected to the source of the cooler, while the inlet and outlet nozzles are staggered, which ensures the flow of the cooler in adjacent tubes 12 towards each other.

 The assembled package of the panel 10 is rigidly fixed inside the casing 9, for example, by means of a bolted connection and mounted on the wall of the transfer chamber 3 of the metal receiver furnace.

 In cross section, panels 10 can be made in the form of flat plates (Fig. 7), or in the form of channels and I-beams (Fig. 8).

 The operation of the mold is as follows.

 The molten metal in the furnace enters the cavity of the dispensing chamber 3 and from there into each of the channels formed by the panels 10.

 Due to the intensive cooling with water circulating in the tubes 12, intense heat removal from the liquid metal occurs, and the latter crystallizes in the forming channels and leaves them in the form of solid ingots.

 The presence of channels in the panels 10, as well as the oncoming movement of the cooler in the tubes 12, make it possible not only to carry out intensive heat extraction, but also to level the thermal field of the mold, and, accordingly, the ingot in width.

 The use of a mold of this design will increase the casting productivity due to a more compact arrangement of ingots, an increase in the number of streams without increasing dimensions, and also by providing quick readjustment of the forming channels to the required dimensions by replacing individual panels, rather than the entire graphite insert, as in the known solutions. It also allows to reduce casting costs due to the absence of the need to have liners of all sizes available - it is enough to have a minimum of panels, by joining which a wide range of sizes of cast ingots is provided.

 The pulling device comprises a housing 13 with a drive (not conventionally shown). In the housing there are channels 14 through which the casting ingots are drawn. At the outlet of each channel, clamping elements are installed, which are wedges 15 and intermediate plates 16 are freely mounted below them. By means of the transverse levers 17, the wedges 15 are connected to the drives of the clamping elements — hydraulic cylinders 18 fixed to the housing 13.

 To change the installation position of the wedges 15, depending on the thickness of the cast ingots, adjustable supports 19 are provided.

 The operation of the device is as follows.

 According to the technological conditions of horizontal continuous casting, the ingot is pulled out of the mold periodically, for which the housing 13 with clamps makes a reciprocating movement.

 When the ingot is drawn, the working fluid enters one of the cavities of the hydraulic cylinder 18, the wedges 15 press the ingots 20 through the plates 16 to the surface of the channels 14, after which the ingots 20 are pulled one step.

 To release the clamp, the fluid is supplied to another cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 18 and the wedges 15 release the ingots 20, and the housing 13 with the clamps returns to its original position. The next pulling step is done in the same way.

 When casting alloys, which are prone to cracking when pulled out of the mold, in order to eliminate cracks, the ingots are fed 1-3 mm back to the mold before the drawing period, for which, during the reverse stroke, the ingots are clamped with wedges 1-3 mm before the end of the return stroke with subsequent cycle of drawing the ingots.

 EFFECT: invention ensures sufficient reliability of clamping of ingots when they are located one above the other without deformation of their surface.

 The ability to adjust the support allows simultaneous and synchronous casting of several ingots. In addition, it is possible to stop one or several ingots during the rest by disconnecting the levers from the support, and the location of the wedges along the axis of the ingot allows casting ingots of different widths at the same time (Fig. 5) without additional reinstallation of the wedges.

Claims (6)

 1. The method of continuous multi-strand horizontal casting of flat ingots, including melting the charge, feeding the melt from the metal receiver into the cavity of the mold, forming ingots, periodically drawing them and subsequent cleaning the surface of the ingots, characterized in that the formation of the ingots is carried out with their location on top of each other, and cleaning simultaneously produce all the ingots while stopping their pulling out of the molds by planing on both sides in the direction perpendicular to the direction pulling.  2. Installation for continuous multi-strand horizontal casting of flat ingots, comprising a melting furnace, a metal receiver, a mold, a pulling and stripping device, characterized in that the melting furnace is combined with a metal receiver and made in the form of a tank divided by a partition into two communicating chambers: a melting and a transfer case, and installation streams are located one above the other.  3. A multi-strand mold of a continuous horizontal casting flat ingot installation, comprising water-cooled graphite inserts, characterized in that the graphite inserts are mounted on top of each other, enclosed in a single water-cooled casing and made of separate panels that form rectangular streams in the docked position in the panels forming wide faces of the ingot, through holes perpendicular to the casting axis are made, in which thin-walled tubes are connected tightly and connected to the supply nozzles and cooler outlet installed with oncoming movement of the cooler in adjacent tubes.  4. Multi-walled mold according to claim 3, characterized in that the panels are in the form of channels.  5. Multi-walled mold according to claim 3, characterized in that the panels are made in the form of I-beams.  6. A pulling device for installing continuous multi-strand horizontal casting of flat ingots, comprising a housing with ingot passageways and clamping elements, characterized in that the housing is provided with a reciprocating drive, and the clamping elements are made in the form of wedges and are mounted above each channel for passage of the ingots, while the device is equipped with intermediate plates freely mounted under each of the wedges, and transverse levers connecting the wedges with the housing and the clamping drive lementov.

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