RU215988U1 - Loader of straw products from stacks and silage silage - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the agricultural engineering industry and improves loaders of straw and silage products from stacks and silos. The proposed design of the loader of straw products from stacks and silo from silos makes it possible to simplify the intake and transport system, since the intake and transportation of straw or silage is simultaneously performed by one working body - auger; additional grinding of the taken mass; increasing the reliability of the technological process, since due to the presence of the screw, sticking and clogging of the conveying system are excluded; increase in productivity due to the fact that at one position of the loader, the straw mass is taken over the entire width of the stack to the depth of the intake part of the auger; re-equipment into a forage harvester due to the fact that when dismantling the loader, a harvester can be hung on the chopper of plant mass. 5 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the agricultural engineering industry and improves loaders of straw and silage products from stacks and silos.

Known loader of straw products from stacks [1], mounted on a tractor and including a fan, pneumopipeline, intake-grinding working body and a mechanism for raising and lowering the pneumopipeline in a vertical plane.

The disadvantage of this loader is the complexity of the intake-transporting part and the low reliability of the process when loading wet silage mass due to the accumulation of mass in the pneumatic pipeline, especially in its knee, which turns the mass flow by 90 °, when it enters the fan. Therefore, this loader was practically not used when loading silage mass from piles and silos. The design does not regulate the degree of grinding of the taken mass.

A known method of collecting feed from stacks and a device for its implementation according to the author's certificate for the invention No. 1822655 (USSR) [2]. The device is hung on the power tool and contains a fan, a pneumatic pipeline and an intake device made in the form of two paired shafts rotating towards each other, on which cutting discs, lifting augers and fan impellers are rigidly mounted, covered by a single casing smoothly passing into the pneumatic pipeline channel.

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of the design, including six working bodies and two drives, which increases its cost and reduces technical reliability. At the same time, the presence of a pneumatic pipeline leads to the fact that the wet silage mass during its loading can stick to the walls of the pneumatic pipeline and lead to its clogging, which reduces the technological reliability of the loader. The disadvantage of this loader is also that it does not have the ability to control the degree of crushing of straw products, which is often required when feeding them to various animals and using them for other purposes.

The utility model of a loader of products from stacks and silo from silos is based on the task of simplifying the intake and transport system, additional grinding of the mass being taken, increasing the reliability of the process, increasing productivity, and converting it into a forage harvester.

This is achieved by the fact that the loader of straw products from stacks and silage from silos contains a power tool with a plant mass grinder, a feeding and pre-pressing device, suction-grinding and transporting working bodies hung on it, and a hydraulic mechanism, moreover, the intake-grinding and transporting bodies are made in in the form of a single elongated auger enclosed in a casing with helical coils, which are equipped with serrated knives at the end section of the intake part of the auger, and the conveying part of the auger is connected to the feed and pre-pressing device of the grinder. At the same time, the screw casing has horizontal and vertical hinges, which ensure simultaneous rotation of the screw in the horizontal and vertical planes.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which show a loader of straw products from stacks and silage from silos:

fig. 1 - loader when interacting with a stack of straw, side view;

fig. 2 - loader, plan view;

fig. 3 - intake and grinding working body, side view;

fig. 4 - intake-grinding working body, view along arrow A;

fig. 5 - horizontal and vertical hinges of the transporting working body, side view.

The loader of straw products from stacks and silage from silos contains a power tool 1 with a vegetable mass grinder 2 and a feed and prepress device 3, transporting a working body - auger 4 with screw turns 5, auger casing 6, auger intake part 7 with turns 5 equipped with gear knives 8, a protective casing 9, a cutting disc 10. The other end of the auger 4 is connected to the feeding and pre-pressing device 3 with the help of a horizontal hinge 11 and a vertical hinge 12. Using a hydraulic mechanism, in the form of levers and hydraulic cylinders, the auger 4 and its intake are rotated. parts 7 in the vertical and horizontal planes at angles, respectively, α and β for the collection of straw mass, for example, from stacks 13, having a height x and a width y.

A loader with a vegetable mass grinder 2 is mounted on a hinged system 14 of an energy vehicle 1. The transporting working body - auger 4 and its intake part 7 in the upper and lower parts rests, for example, on a bearing 15 (upper part) mounted on a bracket 16. Drive workers bodies of the plant mass grinder 2 is carried out from the power take-off shaft of the power tool 1 using a cardan transmission 17. The auger 4 is driven by a hydraulic motor mounted on the auger shaft in the area of the feed and pre-pressing device 3 (not shown in the drawing). The unloading of the chopped mass is carried out through the unloading pipe 18 with the help of the air flow and the shvyrkovy effect created by the vegetable mass chopper 2.

Works loader straw products from stacks and silage from silos as follows. The loader is moved to the end of the stack 13. With the help of hydraulics and hinges 11 and 12, the auger 4 with the intake part 7 is lifted up at an angle α, to position B. working grip L. Deepen the working part of the auger 7 in the straw to a depth, for example, 2/3 of the diameter of the auger.

With the help of hydraulics and a vertical hinge 12, the auger is rotated horizontally by an angle β from position B to position D. In this case, the straw is taken from the stack by turns 5, simultaneously crushed by serrated knives 8 and fed by the auger into the feeding and pre-pressing device 3, where then, at If necessary, it is additionally crushed in the vegetable mass grinder 2 and fed through the unloading pipe 18 into the vehicle attached to the power tool 1. Then, from position G, the intake part of the auger 7 is lowered down to the thickness of the straw from the stack, and the auger is turned to position B, cutting and crushing a layer of straw from a stack of length L, and the process is repeated until the straw is completely collected at the angles α and β. The cutting disc 10 eliminates the braking of the screw 4 during its operation. Then the loader is moved towards the stack for a length L, and the process is repeated until the trailed cart is filled with chopped straw, which is then taken to the places of consumption. The same process occurs when loading silage from piles and silos.

The proposed design of the loader of straw products from stacks and silage from silos allows to provide:

- simplification of the intake and transport system, since the intake and transportation of straw or silage is simultaneously performed by one working body - an auger;

- additional grinding of the taken mass;

- increase in productivity due to the fact that at one position of the loader, the straw mass is taken over the entire width of the stack to the depth of the intake part of the auger;

- re-equipment into a forage harvester due to the fact that when dismantling the loader, a harvester can be hung on the chopper of plant mass.

Sources of information

1. Shapovalov V.I. Complexes of machines for in-line harvesting of grain crops. M.: Kolos, 1967. 112 p.

2. SU 1822655 A1, IPC A01D 90/04, A01D 90/06, A01F 25/04, 06/23/93. Method for collecting fodder from stacks and device for its implementation.

Claims (1)

A loader of straw products from stacks and silage from silos containing a power tool with a plant mass grinder, a feeding and pre-compressing device, suction-grinding and transporting working bodies hung on it, and a hydraulic mechanism, characterized in that the intake-grinding and transporting bodies are made in the form enclosed in a casing of a single screw with screw turns, which are equipped with toothed knives at the end section of the intake part of the screw, and the transporting part of the screw is connected to the feed and pre-pressing device of the chopper, while the screw casing has horizontal and vertical hinges, which ensure simultaneous rotation of the screw in horizontal and vertical planes.

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