RU2159538C2 - Trellis for tall and liana-type plants - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural production. SUBSTANCE: trellis has vertical part composed of two flexible threads which are interconnected through rigid horizontal rods made in the form of rope ladder hung to stretched wire. Plants are fastened to trellis by means of fastening device. Trellis of such construction may be used in garden and park landscaping, home landscaping, as well as in indoor plant growing. EFFECT: reduced labor consumption, simplified construction and plant growing and improved working conditions. 7 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices for agricultural production and crop production, is used as a support for growing tall and lianoid plants.

 Trellis for tall and lianoid plants is mainly applicable in vegetable growing for the cultivation of indeterminate varieties of tomato and long-stemmed varieties of cucumber. In addition, trellis is applicable in the decorative gardening of gardens and parks, landscaping of personal and house adjoining territories, as well as in indoor gardening and floriculture.

 Some tall and lianoid plants for normal development and commodity fruiting require the installation of supports.

 The most perfect type of support for plants is trellis [1 - 6]. There are several types of trellis used as a support for plants: one-plane, two-plane, horizontal, inclined, and others.

 The closest technical solution to the proposed invention is a single-plane vertical trellis, consisting of horizontally stretched yarn (wire) and vertical flexible yarns (usually twine) suspended on it, fixed on a plant [1 - 6].

 The common features of this trellis with the proposed solution is the presence of a horizontal component, consisting, as a rule, of horizontally stretched wire suspended from the structures of the greenhouse, or stretched along vertical posts and anchored at the ends to the ground, as well as the presence of vertical components to which the plants are attached. The vertical components of the trellis consist of twine suspended from a stretched wire and fixed to the plant at its base.

 The plant is attached to the trellis due to the friction forces between the plant stem and the twine and is achieved by wrapping the twine around the plant. Wrapping is done periodically as the plant grows. In the practice of vegetable growing, this wrapping is done once a week. The trellis and the attachment of the plant stem to it have several disadvantages: twine, crashing into the plant stem, injures him. With a large crop and a powerfully developed plant, the friction forces are insufficient, the plant slides off the twine, the stem breaks and the crop disappears. The operation of tying the twine to the wire at a height of 2-2.5 m is tiring, since the arms stretched up very quickly get tired. The operation of securing the twine at the base of the plant is also not easy, since it requires either a tilt or a squat for its implementation. In addition, this operation requires certain skills and experience, otherwise the plant may be pulled out of the ground and die.

 The aim of the invention is to remedy the noted drawbacks.

 The essence of the invention is as follows: the vertical component of the trellis is made of two flexible threads [7], interconnected by rigid rods, and has the form of a rope ladder (or drive chain). The vertical components of the trellis have a height H and are hung on the horizontal component with a distance B equal to the distance of the plants in the row, i.e., for each plant. Horizontal rigid rods are fixed on the flexible threads of the vertical components in increments of h (b is the distance between the vertical flexible threads). Sizes h and b are selected depending on the plants grown on the trellis.

With this design of the vertical component, the plant stem is attached to it by a special device for attachment - (with a hook-and-loop) according to the certificate for PM N 361 dated 05.16.95 (8). The specified device is versatile and very effective, allows you to quickly (and without much labor and effort to fix the plant on the trellis. The above device is a rigid half-ring with elongated ends bent at an angle of 135 ^o and simultaneously performs the function of fixing the plant stem in a vertical position (half-ring) and fixing it on a trellis (with hooks to a horizontal rigid rod).

 As it grows, the stem of the plant is attached with a crochet hook to the horizontal rods of the vertical component and, under the influence of its own weight, the plant is always in a vertical position.

 In some special cases, the vertical component of the trellis can be used autonomously. For example, if you hang it on the bracket on the wall, then you can put a decorative vine on it in the decoration of the premises.

 Structurally, the vertical component of the trellis can be made in different ways: it can be a chain assembled from U-shaped wire links, the free ends of which are pivotally connected by a loop on the horizontal part of the subsequent Even. This accordion-folded chain is very compact. If necessary, quickly unfolds and fastens (hangs) on a stretched wire. The second option - vertical threads are made of two flat flexible tapes (plastic, composite, textile). Tapes are interconnected by rigid rods. This design allows you to roll it into a compact roll for storage and processing. In the third version, the vertical threads are made of a cord (synthetics, composite, textiles). Such a constructive implementation of the vertical component of the trellis gives it another positive property. All options for constructive solutions allow you to make in the upper part a stock of the length of the vertical component. When growing some plants, for example, indeterminate tomato varieties, as the plant grows due to the length margin, you can lower the vertical component of the trellis together with the plant down, which allows you to reduce the height of the horizontal component pulling to the optimum (in practice, up to 1.8 m).

 The invention is illustrated by drawings and photos.

 In FIG. 1 shows a general view of trellis for tall and lianoid plants in a frontal projection; in FIG. 2 is a side view; figure 3 - options for constructive solutions of the vertical component of the trellis: option 1 from wire links, option 2 from flat tapes, option 3 from the cord; in FIG. 4 is a fragment of the attachment of a plant stem to a trellis; in FIG. 5 is a diagram of the hook-hook engagement for a horizontal rigid rod; the stem of a plant is not conventionally shown; 6 and 7 are photographs of manufacturing options for trellis from flat tapes and wire U-shaped links.

 In FIG. 1 and 2: 1 - the horizontal component of the trellis; 2 - vertical component of the trellis in the form of a rope ladder; 7 - soil level. In FIG. 3: 3 - flexible threads of vertical trellis components; 4 - horizontal rigid rods. In FIG. 4 - 7: 3 - flexible threads of the vertical trellis components; 4 - horizontal rigid rods; 5 - the stem of the plant; 6 - device (bracket-hook) for attaching plants to the trellis according to the certificate for utility model N 361 of 05.16.95.

 In dynamics, the process of growing plants on the proposed trellis will look like this: plants are marked and planted, then wire 1 is pulled at the required height, vertical components of the trellis in the form of rope ladders are suspended to it 2. As the stem grows, the plant stem 5 is attached to the horizontal rod 4 by device 6 When pulling two wires in greenhouses, a V-shaped arrangement of ladders with plants is possible for better use of sunlight and space exploration. In this case, the lower part of the trellis is attached to the soil.

Sources of information
1. E. A. Aliev "Growing vegetables in hydroponic greenhouses" -K.: Harvest, 1985, p. 1.01-102, Fig. 18.19.20 (prototype).

 2. V.V. Taranov, E.A. Taranova "Gardening ustunok" - M .: Agopromizdat, 1985, p.185.189, Fig. 33 (prototype).

 3. A. S. Vlasov "Tomatoes all year round" - M .: VO Agropromizdat, 1991 p. 43, Fig. 86 (prototype).

 4. L. V. Nazarinov "Greenhouse in a poultry farm" - M .: Rosselkhozizdat, 1987, p. 59, p. 65-66, fig. 30 (prototype).

 5. Magazine "Private household" N7 1995, p. 11-12, Fig. on p.12 (prototype).

 6. Magazine "Private household" N6 1986, p.32 (prototype).

 7. V. N. Shimanovsky "Hanging systems" (design and calculation of threads of finite stiffness) -Kiev: "Alarm clock". 1984 p. 4.

 8. A.V. Vereshchagin "Device for attaching crops to trellis" Certificate for utility model reg. N 361 of 05.16.95

Claims (1)

 Trellis for tall and lianoid plants, including a horizontal component in the form of a stretched thread and vertical components in the form of flexible threads suspended from this horizontal component with the plant attached to the trellis, characterized in that the vertical components of the trellis are made in the form of two parallel flexible threads connected between with a certain step by horizontal rigid rods and having the shape of a rope ladder, and the plant is fixed to the trellis by a device for fastening.

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