RU215774U1 - AMMUNITION WITH COMBINED DETECTION AND TARGET MODES FOR 82-mm MORTAR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to 82-mm mortar ammunition and is designed to detect and destroy enemy manpower, both openly located and hiding behind artificial and natural terrain folds, in residential buildings, as well as in civilian areas and minimizing collateral damage. At present, in the conduct of hostilities, the 82-mm mortar is widely used, for firing from which mortar rounds with a fragmentation mine are used. A fragmentation mine has a high fragmentation power, therefore, in the event of firing at enemy military units in civilian population areas, it will not be possible to minimize collateral damage in the form of civilian deaths. To increase the effectiveness of the mortar when hitting targets with high lethality (mortar or machine-gun crew, sniper, grenade launcher) when conducting combat operations in places where civilians are concentrated and minimizing collateral damage, ammunition is proposed with a combination of target detection and hitting modes. Ammunition for the 82-mm mortar with a combination of detection and target destruction modes includes a fragmentation warhead with a fuse and a carrier. Four slots are provided in the wall of the body of the bearing part, in which four folding supports with electric motors, speed controllers, propellers and a video camera on one of the supports are placed before launch. In the case of the bearing part, the ammunition controls and the power source are located. A replaceable stabilizer with blades is screwed to the bottom of the body of the bearing part, on the thread, inside which the main propellant charge is placed in a cardboard sleeve with an igniter primer. The body of the stabilizer is made interchangeable. In the bottom part of the body of the bearing part, at the junction on the thread with the body of the replaceable stabilizer, there is a squib designed to drop the stabilizer in order to reduce the mass and give a better aerodynamic shape to the ammunition after bringing the folding supports into working position due to the powder gases formed during the combustion of the squib. The warhead is fixed on the bearing part with an electromechanical disconnector. The utility model allows you to expand the range of tasks to be solved, the main of which are the detection and destruction of hard-to-reach and remote targets in places where civilians gather to minimize collateral damage, reconnaissance, observation and adjustment of the fire of artillery systems.

Description

The utility model relates to 82 mm mortar ammunition. It is designed to detect and destroy enemy manpower, both openly located and hiding behind artificial and natural folds of the terrain, in residential buildings, as well as in places where the civilian population is located and minimizing collateral damage.

An analysis of the conduct of modern military conflicts and special operations has shown that a single high-quality camouflaged target with a high lethality (mortar or machine-gun crew, sniper, grenade launcher) is able to effectively fulfill its task and for a long time to tie down significant forces of the advancing troops. In addition, when conducting hostilities in populated areas, illegal armed formations use the courtyards of residential buildings where civilians live to hide their equipment. Therefore, in order to effectively engage manpower and disable unarmored military equipment of the enemy, while reducing the likelihood of defeating the civilian population, it is necessary to have ammunition with a combination of detection and target destruction modes.

Currently, to perform these tasks, including 82-mm mortars are used, for firing from which shots with fragmentation mines are used, the flight range is from 100 to 3000 m, it is regulated by changing the mass of the propellant charge and the guidance angle. A fragmentation mine has a high fragmentation power, therefore, in the case of firing at the locations of the enemy military units in places where the civilian population is concentrated, it will not be possible to minimize collateral damage in the form of defeating the civilian population.

The absence of 82-mm mortar mines in the ammunition load with the ability to detect and hit a target, monitor the result of its hit and further monitor the battlefield with a single mine is a disadvantage.

The task to be solved by this utility model is to increase the effectiveness of the mortar by increasing the range of the ammunition, the accuracy and probability of hitting the target by combining the modes of detection and hitting the target in it, while ensuring minimal overall weight characteristics and financial costs for its production.

The utility model proposes a new ammunition for the 82-mm mortar, which includes several parts. In the front part there is a fuse and a detachable warhead. In the middle of the munition there is a bearing part, consisting of a body with the elements necessary for controlling the flight of the munition and folding supports with electric motors installed on them with propellers, as well as a target detection element (video camera). The design is completed by a replaceable stabilizer with blades, inside the body of which a propellant charge is placed. Ammunition is controlled by the operator from the ground (shelter) using the control panel.

In the complex, the proposed ammunition is able to improve the characteristics of typical ammunition for an 82-mm mortar and solve the above problems.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which are purely illustrative and do not limit the scope of the claims. The drawings show the proposed ammunition with a combined mode of detection and destruction of the target to the 82-mm mortar.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, which show:

in fig. 1 - general view of the ammunition with the mode of detection and destruction of the target to the 82-mm mortar in the pre-combat position;

in fig. 2 - scheme of ammunition with the mode of detection and destruction of the target to the 82-mm mortar in combat position;

in fig. 3 - layout of the elements in the ammunition with the mode of detection and destruction of the target to the 82-mm mortar.

An example of a utility model is an 82-mm mortar ammunition with a combination of detection and target destruction modes, adapted to the dimensions and configuration of a regular 82-mm mine, which is not the only possible one, but clearly demonstrates the implementation of the proposed design in a stable relationship of structural elements.

The proposed ammunition is a warhead 2 with a fuse 1 screwed on the thread, connected to the bearing part 3 with a replaceable stabilizer 5 screwed on the thread with the main propellant charge 6 in a cardboard sleeve with an igniter primer 20.

To facilitate ammunition, the carrier body is made of aluminum. Four through grooves are provided in the housing wall, in which four folding supports 4 with electric motors 10, propellers 77 and speed controllers 9 are installed, a video camera 8 is placed on one of the supports, in the bottom part of the housing of the bearing part at the junction on the thread with the housing of the replaceable stabilizer placed squib 77. Inside the body are the elements necessary to control the flight of ammunition: power supply 7, flight controller 14, satellite navigation module 13, pressure sensor 12.

The warhead includes a body 19 made of a polymer material, a bursting charge 75 made of an explosive, ready-made spherical projectiles 16.

Lithium Polymer (LiPO) batteries are the power source, as they are capable of delivering a large operating current and are small in size. The voltage from the power source is supplied to brushless motors, which are switched using speed controllers.

Ammunition functions as follows.

When fired from the impact of the striker, the primer-igniter 20 is initiated, from the beam pulse of which the main propellant charge 6 ignites. enemy.

The propellant charge ensures the launch of the ammunition at a speed of 75 m/s. When the ammunition reaches the highest point of the flight path, the pressure sensor 12 sends a signal to bring the folding supports 4 into working position and start the electric motors 10 with propellers 11. there is a cut of the thread of the body of the replaceable stabilizer connecting the body of the bearing part with it, after which the replaceable stabilizer is dropped in order to reduce the mass and give a better aerodynamic shape to the ammunition in the working position. The ammunition hangs in the air, the video camera 8 starts working, the operator, receiving an image from it, monitors the target and remotely controls the mine.

Onboard equipment provides two-way data exchange and video signal transmission to the operator. Ammunition control and target observation is carried out by the operator using a portable device, such as a tablet from the ground (shelter).

When a target is detected using a video camera 8 mounted in a folding support 4, depending on the chosen method of hitting it, the operator managing this ammunition can:

- to make a purposeful movement of the ammunition to the target with the subsequent detonation of the warhead 2;

- reset the warhead 2 with the fuse 1 on the target, following the signal from the control module to the electromechanical disconnector of ammunition 18, and then, depending on the remaining charge of the power source 7, carry out a short-term observation using a video camera 8 of the result of hitting the target and return carrier part to the required area to replace the stabilizer with the main propellant charge 6, warhead 2 and recharging the power source for reuse.

The shooter-operator can change the warhead and the replaceable stabilizer with the main propellant charge independently in the field.

The tactics of using the proposed ammunition allows, if necessary, the simultaneous use of several such ammunition with simultaneous air strikes against targets of various classes, significantly increase the accuracy and range of hitting the target, and minimize collateral damage compared to the existing ammunition for the 82-mm mortar. The presence of the camera in itself is an obvious advantage for firing units operating in open areas or in urban areas, increasing the likelihood of detecting and hitting a target, both openly located and hiding behind artificial and natural terrain folds.

Sources of information

1. Vasilchenko S.V. Analysis of the tasks performed by mortar fire support units during special and combat operations in the interests of ensuring border security in modern conditions // Military Review. 2018 1(3). pp. 24-28.

2. Means of destruction and ammunition: Textbook / A.V. Babkin, V.A. Veldanov, E.F. Gryaznov and others; Under total ed. V.V. Selivanov. - M.: Publishing house of MSTU im. N.E. Bauman, 2008. - 984 p.

3. Yatsenkov B.C. Your first quadcopter: theory and practice // Textbook. - 2016.

4. Mines for domestic smooth-bore mortars of the period 1931-1949: Reference manual / E.N. Kravchenko. - M., 2021. - 192 p.

Claims (1)

Ammunition for an 82-mm mortar with a combination of target detection and engagement modes, including a fragmentation warhead with a fuse and a bearing part, four grooves are provided in the wall of the body of the bearing part, in which four folding supports with electric motors, speed controllers, screws and a video camera on one of the supports, ammunition control elements and a power source are located in the body of the bearing part, a stabilizer is screwed to the body of the bearing part on the thread, inside which the main propellant charge is placed in a cardboard sleeve with an igniter primer, characterized in that the warhead is fixed on the carrier parts with an electromechanical disconnector, the stabilizer body is replaceable, the ammunition is equipped with a squib placed at the end of the body of the bearing part at the junction with the stabilizer, designed to reset the stabilizer, due to the powder gases formed during its combustion, in order to reduce weight and give a better airflow the dynamic shape of the ammunition after bringing the folding supports into position.

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