RU2155476C1 - Apparatus for cooling milk and heating water in animal farms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural production and food-processing industry. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has milk reservoir with heat-exchange water jacket, sprayer casing with spraying pipes, and cold water reservoir communicated via special cavity with sprayer casing. Apparatus is further provided with heat pump formed as ejector connected via cold water channel and warm water channel to sprayer, milk reservoir and hot water supply system of animal farm. EFFECT: enhanced reliability in operation, reduced operating costs and provision for ecology control during operation of apparatus. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of cooling liquid products, in particular milk, and can be used in agricultural production, the food industry, as well as in the processing and storage of milk and other food products.

 A known installation for cooling milk on livestock farms containing a source of artificial cold, a heat exchanger, a pump, temperature sensors, a control unit (SU 1124896; A 01 J 9/04, 11/23/1984).

 The disadvantage of this installation is the high energy consumption for cooling milk.

 A known installation for cooling milk on the basis of water-jet heat pumps, containing an ejector, inlet and outlet pipes of channels of warm and cold water, a water pump, a milk tank with a water jacket (V. S. Shcherbakov, M. A. Markanov. Refrigeration equipment N 5 1994, pp. 23-26).

 The closest in technical essence is the installation for cooling milk, containing a milk tank having a water heat-exchange jacket, a spray housing with spray pipes mounted in the upper part and mounted radially on a rotating cartridge with spray holes located on their generatrix and mounted on a cartridge, aerodynamic plates, and a cold water tank (SU 1793858 A3, A 01 J 9/04, 02/07/93).

 The disadvantage of this device is the low reliability and high operating costs, especially when operating them on farms, when they use a vapor compressor refrigeration unit for cooling.

 The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability and efficiency of cooling systems, reduce operating costs, especially when operating on livestock farms.

 To achieve this technical result, an installation for cooling milk on livestock farms, containing a milk tank having a water heat-exchange jacket, a spray housing with spray pipes installed in the upper part and mounted radially on a rotating holder with rotating nozzles and aerodynamic mounted on their holder plates, and a reservoir for cold water, characterized in that it is equipped with a heat pump with inlet and outlet nozzles ala of warm water and the inlet and outlet pipes of the cold water channel, a connecting cavity, the lower slice of which is located in the lower part of the cold water tank, and the upper slice is in the bottom of the atomizer body, and a drain hole is made in the upper part of the wall of the connecting cavity, below which on the opposite upper part of the cold water tank there is a drain trough connected by an inclined pipe directly to the upper part of the water jacket of the milk tank and the outlet pipe of the cold water channel t heat pump, and the lower part of the tank through the water pump is connected to the inlet pipe of the warm water channel, while the inlet pipe of the cold water channel of the heat pump is connected through the water pump to the jacket of the milk tank, and the outlet pipe of the warm water channel is connected to the spray pipes and to the system hot water supply to the farm, and holes are made in the wall of the lower part of the atomizer body, and an ejector is used as a heat pump.

 The invention is illustrated by the drawing, which shows a General view of the installation for cooling milk and heating water on livestock farms.

 The installation comprises a milk tank 1, having a water heat exchange jacket 2, a spray housing 3 with spray pipes 5 mounted in its upper part and mounted radially on a rotating holder 4 and spray holes 6 located on their generatrix 6. Aerodynamic plates 7 are installed on the holder 4. holes 8 are made to the wall of the lower part of the spray gun housing 3, and in the bottom of the housing 3 there is an upper cut of the connecting cavity 9, the lower cut of which is located in the lower part of the cold water tank 10 . A drain hole 11 is made in the wall of the connecting cavity 9 in its upper part, below which a drain trough 12 is placed in the opposite upper part of the cold water tank 10.

 The installation is equipped with a heat pump 13 with inlet and outlet pipes, respectively, 14.15 channels of warm water and inlet and outlet pipes, respectively, 16.17 channels of cold water. As a heat pump 13, an ejector is used. The drain chute 12 is connected by an inclined pipe 18 through an expansion tank 19 directly to the upper part of the water heat exchange jacket 2 of the milk tank 1 and the outlet pipe 17 of the cold water channel of the heat pump 13 in the form of an ejector, and the lower part of the tank 10 is connected to the inlet pipe through the water pump 20 14 channels of warm water ejector. The water jacket 2 of the tank 1 for milk through the water pump 21 and the valve 22 is connected to the inlet pipe 16 of the cold water channel. The outlet pipe 15 of the warm water channel is connected through taps 23, 24 to the spray pipes 5 and to the farm's hot water supply system.

 A level sensor 25 is installed on the pipeline connecting the tank body 10 to the farm's water supply system. The control unit 26 is electrically connected to the water pumps 20 and 21, the level sensor 25 and the temperature sensor 27. A vertical partition 28 is installed in the tank 10, the upper part of which coincides in height with the upper edge of the drain trough 12, and the lower part forms a gap with the bottom of the tank 10.

The installation for cooling milk and heating water on livestock farms operates in two main modes, depending on the outdoor temperature:
1. In the cold season.

 2. In the warm season.

 The process of cooling milk is carried out in the tank 1 for milk.

 In the cold season, the coolant (water) from the water jacket 2 of the milk tank 1 by the water pump 21, controlled from the control unit 26, is fed through the taps 22 and 24 to the rotating sleeve 4 to the spray pipes 5, mounted on the rotating holder 4, which come in rotational movement from jet jets. The aerodynamic plates 7 also come into rotation, creating an air flow directed towards the sprayed coolant and intensively cooling it. The cold oncoming air flow through the openings 8 cools the housing 3 of the atomizer and water. Cooled atomized water flowing down the housing 3 of the atomizer flows through the connecting cavity 9 into the lower part of the tank 10 installed in the open air. Next, the water passes through the gap formed by the lower edge of the partition 28 and the bottom of the tank 10, is additionally cooled against the walls and, rising upward, poured over the edge of the chute 12 and through the inclined pipe 18 directly or through the expansion tank 19 enters the heat exchange water jacket 2 of the tank 1 for milk, cools milk through the wall and then enters pump 21 and the cycle repeats. If the water in the tank 10 is frozen, then it flows out of the drain hole 11, spreads and flows with a film on the ice surface, is cooled and poured into the chute 12 and then through the inclined pipe 18 through the expansion tank 19 into the water jacket 2, and then as described above . The temperature control of the coolant in the water jacket 2 is carried out by the temperature sensor 27.

In the warm season, both water pumps 20 and 21 are turned on from the control unit 26. With the water pump 21, water from the heat exchange water jacket 2 is supplied through the valve 22 to the inlet pipe 16 of the cold water channel of the heat pump 13 in the form of an ejector, passes through it and through the outlet pipe 17 of the cold water channel is supplied directly or through an expansion tank 19 to the heat exchange water jacket 2 and cools the milk in the milk tank 1. Entering the heat pump’s cold water channel in the form of an ejector, the water in it is cooled as a result of evaporation. Water vapor formed during evaporation is sucked into another circuit of the heat pump - the channel of warm water, in which they condense, generating heat. Due to the heat of condensation, the circulating water pumped by the water pump 20 is heated (to a temperature of 20 ... 25 ^o C), while the heated water coming from the outlet pipe 15 of the warm water channel through the faucet 23 can either enter the farm's hot water supply system or the atomizer body 3 and further into the tank 10, being cooled as described above. In this case, the housing 3 of the atomizer acts as a cooling tower. A level sensor 25 installed on a pipeline connected to the farm's water supply system regulates the water level, compensating for the loss of water from evaporation or supplying it to the farm's hot water supply system. As indicated above, from the reservoir 10, water is supplied by the water pump 20 to the inlet pipe 14 of the warm water channel and the cycle is closed.

 Improving the energy balance of the installation occurs due to the combined cooling of milk by vacuum and natural cold for a long time of the year, while the energy consumption for cooling milk is reduced due to the use of natural cold.

 In addition, a significant part of the energy is saved through the use of heat pumps in the form of ejectors, the specific refrigerating capacity of which is 1.5 ... 2 times higher than the similar parameter of freon water-cooling machines.

 This unit has environmental cleanliness, azo safety and high reliability due to the lack of a compressor and due to the exclusion of the use of traditional refrigerants - freon, ammonia and others.

Claims (1)

 A device for cooling milk on livestock farms, comprising a milk tank having a water heat exchange jacket, a sprayer body with spray tubes mounted at the top and mounted radially on a rotating cartridge with spray holes located on their generatrices and mounted on the cartridge, and a tank for cold water, characterized in that it is equipped with a heat pump with inlet and outlet pipes of the channel of warm water and inlet and outlet patrol kami of a cold water channel, a connecting cavity, the lower cut of which is located in the lower part of the cold water tank, and the upper cut - in the bottom of the spray housing, and a drain hole is made in the upper part of the wall of the connecting strip, below which in the opposite upper part of the cold water tank a drain chute is placed, connected by an inclined pipe directly to the upper part of the water jacket of the milk tank and the outlet pipe of the heat pump cold water channel, and the lower part of the tank the cut water pump is connected to the inlet pipe of the warm water channel, while the inlet pipe of the cold water channel of the heat pump is connected through the water pump to the jacket of the milk tank, and the outlet pipe of the warm water channel is connected to the spray pipes and to the farm's hot water supply system, and in the wall holes are made in the lower part of the atomizer body, and an ejector is used as a heat pump.