RU215436U1 - Device for sampling water from under-ice reservoirs - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for extracting water samples from great depths of seas and lakes through a drilled ice well filled with a non-freezing cold liquid in order to study the biochemical and physical composition of water and gases dissolved in it.

The device contains a sampling container, with a hole in the bottom, located inside its vertical sampling tube. Inside the sampling container, a magnet is fixed at the top, under which there is a piston with a magnetic ring on top, the sampling tube passes through the center of the piston, its upper part is fixed in it, and has an upper thread under the piston. The end of the vertical sampling tube is brought out through the bottom of the sampling container; a flange with a sealing ring and a lock are installed on the lower outer threaded fastening of the sampling tube. In the upper part of the body of the sampling container, two holes are made, located under the magnet, equipped with valves, and grooves are made at the top along the inner surface of the body of the sampling container, the length of each exceeds the distance between the side piston sealing rings. Heating elements surround the sampling vessel. The sampling container is placed inside the conical shape of the protective frame, in the upper part of which there is a mount for lifting.

EFFECT: obtaining samples not only of water, but also of gas dissolved in it directly from a subglacial reservoir through a drilled ice well.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of oceanology and limnology, in particular to sampling devices used to extract water samples from great depths of seas and lakes in order to study the composition and amount of gas dissolved in water and conduct physicochemical and biological studies of water extracted from various depths . The sampler can be operated from a vessel or from the ice surface through a small bore hole. The utility model can also be used in quarries, ponds and other artificial water bodies. The main purpose of the utility model is to extract samples of water and gases dissolved in it from subglacial reservoirs through a drilled ice well filled with a non-freezing cold liquid.

As an analogue, a device is considered according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2244913 "Device for sampling from under-ice reservoirs" [1]. The device contains: a cylindrical body in which the lower and upper heaters are mounted, a load-carrying cable for performing tripping operations, a cable lock for fixing the device on a load-carrying cable, a block of electrical connectors, a block containing a set of parallel-connected cassettes, each of which contains a microbiological filter (for example: polycarbonate filter 0.23 µm), two solenoid valves for isolating the test sample from the environment and a pump for pumping the test water through the unit, a pipe for pouring the filtered water into the lake. The device works as follows. After drilling a well using a drilling fluid and opening a sub-ice reservoir, the drill string is removed from the well. In this case, a certain part of the water rises into the well until the pressures in the reservoir and the column of the poured liquid in the well equalize. Then, a sampling device with a pre-sterilized filter block is lowered through the well into the reservoir under study to a predetermined depth by means of a load-carrying cable. Since during tripping operations the water that has risen into the well may freeze on the walls of the well, the device is lowered with the lower heater turned on. At a given depth, electromagnetic valves open, turn on a pump that ensures the supply of subglacial water to the inner vessel, which pumps the test water through a block containing a set of parallel-connected cassettes with microbiological filters. In this case, water is pumped through all the cassettes of this filter unit in parallel, due to which the total area of the filters with a relatively small diameter of the sampler can significantly increase the volume of the sample under study. The filtered water goes back to the lake through a pipe. At the end of the sampling process, both solenoid valves are closed, the pump is turned off, and the device is removed from the well. After removing the device from the well, a block with cassettes is removed from it, together with electromagnetic valves in the closed position, and transferred to water testing. The device has the following disadvantages:

1) the device does not provide high-quality sampling, since the drilling fluid from the well enters the device when the valve is opened and the pump is turned on, it will enter the sterile filters and contaminate them;

2) a portion of the drilling fluid contained in the cavity in front of the inlet valve passes through the device, pump and outlet valve and enters the lake, which will lead to pollution of the under-ice reservoir;

3) the presence of active mechanical devices: a pump and valves, reduces the reliability of the device under high pressure conditions in under-ice reservoirs;

4) the device is designed to collect microbiological samples on filters and is not intended directly for extracting samples of water and gas dissolved in it.

The closest analogue of the proposed utility model is a device according to RF patent No. 2645539 "Device for sampling water from under-ice reservoirs" [2]. The device is designed to take samples of under-ice water, which comes from the lake to the lower part of the drilled well.

The device comprises an outer case, a sampling container located inside it, heaters, holes in the outer case and the inner vessel, wherein the top of the outer case has means for fixing the lifting mechanism, and the hole in the bottom of the outer case is designed to lead out the sampling tube, an electromagnet is installed inside the sampling container, and a piston is located, and on the side surface in the upper part of the sampling container there is a side hole for entering the water sample into the vessel, another hole is made in the bottom of the sampling container, designed to drain water from under the piston into the outer casing, and the sampling container is equipped with a lid with a shoulder, hermetically covering its outer part, and a cover with a shoulder is installed on the sampling container with a gap at the top, and in the gap between the outer case and the sampling container there is a tube, which is a sampling tube, one end of which is brought out to ensure tightness out through the hole in the bottom of the outer case. The upper part of the lid of the inner vessel has two through holes with plugs, and inside the collar of the lid, a through vertical hole is made along its entire height, into which the second end of the sampling tube tightly enters, and two holes are made to the side of this hole in the collar towards the inner vessel, the first of which is aligned with the hole on the wall in the upper part of the inner vessel for receiving the analyzed water sample, and the second hole in the shoulder is aligned with the upper gap between the cover and the edge of the sampling container to provide communication with the gap between the inner vessel and the outer casing. The heating elements are installed on the outer part of the sampling tube and in the gap between the outer casing and the sampling container. The electromagnet has a cable brought to the surface of the ice of the reservoir.

Thus, in the prototype, the outer body of the sampler performs the protective function of the sampling container, serves to accommodate the fasteners of the load-carrying cable, but also combines the sampling elements at the same time, because the sampling pipe is located exactly inside the outer casing outside the sampling container.

The device has the following disadvantages that limit its use:

1) the device does not allow the selection of gas dissolved in water;

2) using the device, you can only take a sample that has entered the well from the reservoir, the device is not intended for sampling below the well inside the reservoir due to the design of the outer casing in the form of a pipe;

3) the device is difficult to operate, because to close the sampling tube, an ice plug is frozen at its outer end, followed by its melting by an electric heater at the sampling site, which complicates the procedure for preparing and conducting sampling;

4) the procedure for removing the sample from the sampling container is not sterile enough, since to remove the sample, it is necessary to insert a tube to drain the water sample and a tube to supply the gas displacing it inside the sampling container, which potentially creates conditions for sample contamination;

4) to remove the sample from the sampling tank, an ultrapure gas supply system is used, which complicates and increases the cost of sampling.

The technical effect of the claimed utility model is to obtain samples not only of water, but also of the gas dissolved in it directly from a subglacial reservoir through a drilled ice well, which is filled with a drilling fluid.

The technical effect is achieved by the fact that in a well-known device for sampling from under-ice reservoirs, including a body of a sampling container with a hole in the bottom, placed in a protective housing with a mount for lifting, an electromagnet is located inside in the upper part of the body of the sampling container, to which a piston with a magnetic ring on top, the end of the vertical sampling tube is brought out, two holes are made in the upper part of the body of the sampling container under the electromagnet, what is new is that the sampling tube is installed inside the sampling container, passes through the center of the piston, is fixed on it in its upper part, has an upper thread under the piston and brought out through the bottom of the sampling container, a flange with a sealing ring and a lock are installed on the lower outer threaded fastening of the sampling tube, and two holes in the upper part of the sampling container body, located under the electromagnet, are equipped with valves, and at the top along the outer grooves are made on the outer surface of the body of the sampling container, the length of each exceeds the distance between the side piston sealing rings, the heating elements surround the sampling container, and the protective housing is made in the form of a frame and has a conical upper part.

As mentioned above, in the prototype, the outer body of the sampler performs the protective function of the sampling container, serves to accommodate the fasteners of the load-carrying cable, but also combines the sampling elements at the same time, because the sampling pipe is located exactly inside the outer casing outside the sampling container.

In the inventive sampling device, the protective case, made in the form of a frame, provides access to two valves at the holes in the upper part of the sampling container, performs a protective function for the sampling container, valves and serves to accommodate the fasteners of the load-carrying cable, and the sampling tube and other elements, associated with sampling are installed inside the sampling container. Slots along the inner surface of the body of the sampling container with a length of each exceeding the distance between the side piston sealing rings ensure pressure equalization above and below the piston at the initial moment of its movement, and also serve to fill the sampling container with distilled water and remove air during filling.

Such design changes of the sampler allow to achieve a technical effect, which is confirmed below.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in Fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. five.

In FIG. Fig. 1 schematically shows a water sampler, where the sampling container is 1, in the lower part of the body of the sampling container there is a bottom 2 with a hole, and in the upper part there is a hole with a valve 3a and a hole with a valve 3b, moreover, the valve 3b is located above the valve 3a, and a sealed electrical connector 4, and the case of the sampling container 1 itself has electric heating elements with thermal insulation 5 on the outside and is placed in a protective frame-case 6 with a lifting mount 7, in which the load-carrying cable 8 is fixed. Inside, in the upper part of the body of the sampling container 1, an electromagnet 9 is located, which is connected with a load-carrying cable 8 through a sealed electrical connector 4. Inside the body of the sampling container 1 on an electromagnet 9, a piston 10 with a ring made of a magnetic alloy with radial grooves and sealing piston rings 11 is magnetized. A sampling tube 12 passes through the piston with an upper threaded fastening 13 and a lower threaded fastening 14, which are provided drills for screwing on the flange 15 with a sealing ring; the shutter 16 is screwed onto the lower threaded fastener 14.

In FIG. 2 shows a valve 16 with a threaded hole in the upper part, where 17 are side holes, 18 is a sealing gasket.

In FIG. 3 shows the device at the time of sampling - when the piston moves down.

In FIG. 4 shows a device where the piston is in the lowest position in the sampling container after sampling the water.

In FIG. 5 shows the device in an inverted position while removing a water sample from a sampling container.

Due to the constructive solution, the sampler provides two sampling modes. The first mode is designed to isolate and collect the gas dissolved in the water sample in order to study its quantitative composition at a certain depth of the reservoir. The second mode is designed to take water samples for the purpose of conducting its physicochemical and biological studies.

The water sampler works as follows.

Preparing the device for sampling on the surface.

The electromagnet 9 holds in the upper position the piston 10 with a magnetic alloy ring with radial grooves. A flange with a sealing ring 15 and a shutter 16 are screwed onto the lower threaded fastener 14 and sealed in the position when the gasket 18 is pressed against the lower end of the sampling tube 12. Valves 3a and 3b are in the open state. Distilled water, which has been treated to remove the gases dissolved in it, is supplied through the valve 3a, which flows through the grooves on the inner side surface of the sampling container and fills the volume under the piston 10.

The grooves along the inner surface of the body of the sampling container, each longer than the distance between the side sealing rings of the piston, ensure equalization of pressure above and below the piston at the initial moment of its movement. The air displaced by water exits through the grooves on the inner side surface of the sampling vessel through valve 3b. When water appears at the outlet of the valve 3b, the shutter 16 opens (Fig. 2), the gasket 18 moves away from the end of the sampling tube 12, the water flows through the radial grooves on the magnetic ring of the piston 10, enters the sampling tube 12 and fills the shutter 16, after which the valves 3b and 3a are closed. The water in the sampling tube 12 is retained by atmospheric pressure acting through the open gate 16. The load-carrying cable 8 is connected to a sealed electrical connector 4 and fixed in the lifting fixture 7 (Fig. 1).

Using the load-carrying cable 8, the sampling device is lowered through the well with non-freezing liquid into the under-ice reservoir. The electrically insulated heating element 5 is switched on to prevent the distilled water from freezing in the sampling vessel.

After the sampling device is immersed to a predetermined depth, voltage is applied to the electromagnet 9 through the load-carrying cable 8, and it releases the piston 10, which starts moving down and displaces distilled water from the sampling container under the piston through the hole in the bottom 2 to the outside (Fig. 3). The side piston sealing rings 11 are displaced below the grooves made on the inner surface of the body of the sampling container (not shown in Fig. 1), seal the piston 10 inside the sampling container 1. In this case, water from the reservoir through the gate 16 and the sampling tube 12 enters the volume of the sampling container above the piston 10. Distilled water, which is contained in the sampling tube 12 and does not contain dissolved gases, enters the sampling container 1 and mixes with the sample from the reservoir. At the same time, the qualitative biochemical and gas composition of the sample is not disturbed. After the piston reaches its lowest position, it is pressed by its sealing ring against the bottom 2, the sampling process ends, and the sampling device is raised to the surface. As a result of the pressure drop when rising from the depth and due to the heating of the sampling container 1 by the electric heating element 5, the dissolved gas is released from the water and collected in the upper part of the sampling container, while the water is forced out by the gas through the sampling tube 12 and the open shutter 16.

After lifting the device to the surface, the shutter 16 closes, the flange with the sealing ring 15 is screwed onto the upper threaded fastening 13 of the sampling tube 12 and draws the piston 10 through the sealing ring under it to the bottom 2, the sealed electrical connector 4 is disconnected, and the load-carrying cable 8 is disconnected from the lifting fastening 7 (FIG. 4). The sampling device is transported to a place prepared for removal of the selected water sample and the gas released from it. The sample is removed from the sampling vessel through valve 3a, to which an external system is connected, which ensures sterile clean extraction of the sample from the sampling device for further physicochemical and biological studies. Water sampling mode.

After the above-described procedure for preparing the device for sampling on the surface (Fig. 1), the shutter 16 on the lower threaded fastening 14 of the sampling tube 12 is transferred to the closed state (the gasket 18 is pressed against the end of the sampling tube 12), the valve 3a opens, the valve 3b is closed. The device is lowered to a predetermined depth.

When diving to a predetermined depth through the load-carrying cable 8, voltage is applied to the electromagnet 9, and it releases the piston 10, which begins to move down, while the water from the reservoir through the valve 3a enters the volume of the sampling tank above the piston 10, and the distilled water under the piston , through the hole in the bottom 2 comes out. After the piston reaches the extreme lower position, it is pressed by its lower sealing ring against the bottom 2, the sampling process ends, and the sampling device rises to the surface. As a result of the pressure drop when rising from the depth and due to the heating of the sampling container 1 by the electric heating element 5, the dissolved gas is released from the water and goes out through the valve 3A, leaving the sampling container completely filled with water sample.

After lifting to the surface, the valve 3a closes, the flannel with the sealing ring 15 is screwed onto the upper threaded fastener 13, pulling the piston 10 through the sealing ring under it to the bottom 2, the sealed electrical connector 4 is disconnected and the load-carrying cable 8 is disconnected from the lifting fastener 7.

The sampling device is transported to a place where the selected water sample is removed from it. Removal of the water sample from the sampling container is carried out in the inverted state of the sampling container 1 through the valve 3a with the valve 3b closed by moving the piston 10 down (Fig. 5). An external system is attached to valve 3a, which ensures sterile clean extraction of a sample from a sampling device for further physicochemical and biological studies.

The water sampler in comparison with analogues and the prototype has new qualitative properties, which consist in the fact that it allows you to collect samples not only of water, but also of the gas dissolved in it directly from the under-ice reservoir through a drilled ice well, which is filled with drilling fluid.

The advantages of the device also include the fact that the procedure for preparing the device for operation is simplified, the procedure for removing a sample from the sampling tank, the purity of the sample is increased, and the protective case-frame allows you to remove the sampler from under the ice, providing entry into the lower opening of the ice well.

1 - body of the sampling vessel, 2 - bottom with a hole, 3 - hole with a valve, 4 - sealed electrical connector, 5 - electric heater with thermal insulation, 6 - protective frame, 7 - lifting mount, 8 - load-carrying cable, 9 - electromagnet , 10 - piston with magnetic ring, 11 - piston o-rings, 12 - sampling tube, 13 - top threaded mount, 14 - bottom threaded mount, 15 - flange with o-ring, 16 - plug, 17 - side holes, 18 - seal pad.

Claims (1)

A device for sampling water from under-ice reservoirs, including a body of a sampling container with a hole in the bottom, placed in a protective housing with a fastening for lifting, inside in the upper part of the body of the sampling container there is an electromagnet, to which a piston with a magnetic ring is attached from above, the end of a vertical sampling tube brought out, in the upper part of the body of the sampling container under the electromagnet, two holes are made, characterized in that the sampling tube is installed inside the sampling container, passes through the center of the piston, is fixed on it in its upper part, has an upper thread under the piston and is brought out through the bottom of the sampling container tank, a flange with a sealing ring and a lock are installed on the lower external threaded fastening of the sampling tube, and two holes in the upper part of the body of the sampling tank, located under the electromagnet, are equipped with valves, and at the top along the inner surface of the body of the sampling tank and grooves are made, the length of each exceeds the distance between the side piston sealing rings, the heating elements surround the sampling container, and the protective housing is made in the form of a frame and has a conical upper part.

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