RU215380U1 - Mole Drencher - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural and reclamation engineering in systems for tillage and improvement of soil characteristics (soil protection, soil-forming, moisture removal) for loosening the subarable horizon with the formation of aeration drains. Mole drainer, consisting of a cylindrical core with a conical sharpening of the front part and two-piece blades, in order to perform technological operations: deep loosening and drainage, excluding soil overconsolidation in the near-drainage zone, and, as a result, providing better permeability and filtration of the walls of the drain channel , as well as by increasing the processing area and the number of drains per unit due to the shape, parameters and functions of the star-shaped body, which determine the development efficiency, the working body is made in the form of a conical star-shaped blade structure. 1 ill.

Description

Field of technology to which the utility model belongs

The utility model relates to agricultural and reclamation engineering in systems for tillage and improvement of soil characteristics (soil protection, soil-forming, moisture removal) for loosening the subarable horizon with the formation of aeration drains.

State of the art

In the course of the patent analysis of the database of the Federal Institute of Industrial Property, analogs similar to the development were found presented in the form of patents: certificate No. SU 1392195 A1 "Damping drainer", certificate No. SU 1276744 A1 "Slit cutter-mole cutter", as well as analogues of mass-produced machines KR-1 (2), GK-4, Agridigger RK and its modifications, made in Russia.

Below, based on the results of the analysis, the main shortcomings for each item are presented.

1. Certificate No. SU 1392195 A1 "Damping drainer": it has a complex structure, presented in the form of a twisted spring, and according to the statement in the description, this is due to the achievement of a difference in the diameter of the drainer, depending on the passage of soil layers of different hardness and density. The difficulty lies in the selection of elastic steel grades, the diameter of the wire and the complexity of manufacturing (you need specialized equipment for hot winding a certain oblong shape). The performance of this design is called into question, due to the passage of hard and dense soil layers and the clogging of the interturn space with heavy loamy fractions, a key collision with the physical and mechanical properties of various types of soils. Also, this development does not satisfy the need to perform the task and perform the function of reducing the overconsolidation of the near-drainage zone.

2. Certificate No. SU 1276744 A1 "Slit cutter-mole cutter": has the design of a similar screw-type working body. Less complicated work on execution in the material, but a significant drawback that casts doubt on the development, is the inability to rotate the body, that is, the inability to overcome the resistance of the soil on the turns of the auger, converting it into rotational action, due to the physical and mechanical properties of the soil. Consequently, due to the fact that the organ is inactive, clogging of the turns of the screw will occur, the walls of the drain channel will be uneven, and in general, the traction force of the MTA will increase, which will lead to an increase in fuel consumption and a decrease in productivity (on average by 15-20%). Initially, such a design has already been considered.

As a prototype, we took mass-produced machines KR-1 (2), GK-4, Agridigger RK and its modifications, made in Russia: these machines are similar in design and perform the same functions - deep loosening and drainage (mole cutting). A significant drawback of these machines is the inability to ensure the performance of the function to reduce or eliminate the compaction of the near-drainage zone, as well as the high cost of these machines and non-universality: it is comparable to the proposed development by 17.6-46.6%.

The fulfillment of the condition for reducing or eliminating the compaction of the near-drainage zone, initially expressed in the form of a hypothesis, is scientifically justified and has been confirmed in scientific circles about the need to solve this problem. The compacted wall has better stability, but at the same time low permeability and filtration, with the condition of heavy and medium loamy soils (Non-Chernozem), speaking about ensuring the normalization of the water-air regime of soils.

Utility Model Disclosure

The authors propose a mole drainer consisting of a cylindrical core with a conical sharpening of the front part and two-piece blades, characterized in that, in order to perform technological operations: deep loosening and drainage, excluding overcompaction of the soil in the near-drainage zone, and, as a result, providing better permeability and filtering the walls of the drain channel, as well as by increasing the processing area and the number of drains per unit due to the shape, parameters and functions of the star-shaped body, which determine the development efficiency, the working body is made in the form of a conical star-shaped blade structure. The device we offer has a number of advantages:

1) the ability for various forms of management to purchase both the entire machine and the working body (s) separately, with installation on existing machines, deep looseners, which leads to the lowest costs for agricultural producers, since in general machines for performing work on deep loosening, drainage and melioration of deposits are quite expensive;

2) the quality of the operations performed: due to the design features, in comparison with the presented analogues, where the working body of the drainer is made in the form of an elongated smooth rod, as well as complex functioning (deep loosening and drainage), the main goal is to exclude overcompaction of the walls of the drain channel and the near-drainage zone, at the same energy-economic costs in the implementation of the technological operation;

3) an increase in the amount of cultivated area and the number of drains per unit, at the same energy-economic costs, which are not provided by the presented analogues;

4) simplicity and maintainability of the design provides high resource, due to the shape and method of fastening the working body, and also reduces the risk of breakage due to the flexibility of the system, in comparison with analogues with a resource of some elements of 3-5 months (KR, GK-4) and rigidity systems (Agridigger RK);

5) price: the cost of the proposed development is 17.6-46.6% lower than that of the presented commercially available analogues that do not have the advantages described above.

The technical result of using the device is the formation of an optimal water-air regime of the soil by creating maximum aeration drainage per unit area, with simultaneous loosening of the subsurface horizon, excluding overconsolidation of the near-drainage zone as part of the soil-forming system, and, as a result, ensuring better permeability and filtration of the walls of the drain channel due to the shape, parameters, characteristics and functions of the stellate organ.

To characterize the utility model, in particular, the following features of the device are used:

the working body is made in the form of a conical star-bladed design

Brief description of the drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the action (lateral projection in section) of the device we proposed;

in fig. 2 shows a drawing of a star deep loosener.

Implementation of the utility model

The device can be applied as follows.

1. The deep loosener stand, by means of a leash, presented in the form of a steel cable, carries the soil-cultivating working body along with it.

2. The stand pushes the soil apart, loosening it, while part of the soil falls into the gap.

3. The conical part of the working body pushes the soil, forming a drain, and the blades are cut by sharpening and loosen it in the near-drain zone.

4. Next, the working part of the core restores the drain.

This technological work allows to reduce the tractive force of the MTA by reducing the resistance of the body, as well as to form a drain with a decompacted near-drainage zone, and install a subsoiler on each rack, increasing productivity and efficiency, with the same traction class of the tractor.

The shape of the working body, the sharpening of the cutting contact part of the blades, as well as the floating position of the body, achieved by a non-rigid hitch (cable), allows you to work on any type of soil in terms of density, including those containing a small fraction of stones.

Claims (1)

Mole drainer, characterized in that it is made in the form of a conical star blade structure, consisting of a cylindrical core with a conical sharpening of the front part and two-piece blades.

Images