RU2152734C2 - Food additive from jerusalem artichoke for preparation of food products and beverages with curative-and-prophylactic properties - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine and food industry, particularly, preparation of dietetic and curative-and-prophylactic products. SUBSTANCE: food additive from tuber and/or above-ground part of plants in native or dry form has the following chemical composition: water, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, cellulose and ash residue in determined ratio. EFFECT: broadened assortment of biologically active additives. 3 cl, 3 dwg, 9 tbl, 3 ex

Description

 The invention relates to medicine and the food industry, in particular to the production of dietary and therapeutic and prophylactic products for diet therapy and the prevention of diseases associated with insufficiency of the immune and endocrine systems of the body, the restoration of the natural intestinal microflora, improving the adaptive capabilities of the body and rehabilitation of patients in a hospital.

 The invention is aimed at solving the problem of expanding the range of medical and preventive food products, both in the form of biologically active additives and as raw materials for various types of food products (bakery products, pasta, confectionery, tea and coffee drinks, etc. )

The problem is solved through the use of biologically active additives from Jerusalem artichoke, including the tuber and / or aerial parts of the plant, in the native or dried state of the following chemical composition:
Water - 0.5 - 80%
Carbohydrates - 2.0 - 91.1%
Protein - 1.0 - 20%
Fats - 0.1 - 12.0%
Fiber - 0.8 - 20.0
Ash residue - 0.8 - 16.0%
Along with the main components, the food supplement also has a characteristic high content of biogenic microelement: potassium - up to 3%, phosphorus - up to 0.5% and microelement: silicon - up to 0.3%.

 The protein composition of the additive is characterized by a variety of constituent amino acids, including essential amino acids, which are synthesized only by plants and are not synthesized in the human body: arginine, valine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, phenylalanine.

 The presence of high concentrations of natural carbohydrates of predominantly inulin nature in the additive with their maximum content in the tuberous part of plants (up to 91% by dry weight) is also unique.

 In the scientific and technical literature, tubers and aerial parts of Jerusalem artichoke, before the author's proposal, were considered as raw materials for the production of polysaccharide - inulin, alcohol, feed production, production of glucose-fructose syrups and inulin for the food industry. The closest technical solution to the claimed is a biologically active additive from Jerusalem artichoke tubers ("Jerusalem artichoke concentrate. Biologically active additive from an unconventional plant", Novosibirsk, NTF "ARIS", 1997, p. 4). In contrast to the analogue, an additive for food purposes with therapeutic and prophylactic properties based on all parts of the Jerusalem artichoke plant was first proposed, expanding the range of the plant’s use in medicine and giving a new quality to food products in the form of flour, bakery, confectionery and drinks in the form of herbal teas and composites with other plants and teas. Those. the proposal meets the criteria of "novelty" and "inventive step".

 The invention is illustrated in the examples of the proposed compositions of the food supplement from Jerusalem artichoke both in individual forms of its use and in the composition of various food products and drinks with a test of their biological activity and clinical use in diet therapy in patients.

 Example 1

 Using various methods of dehydration, biologically active additives based on the tuberous part of the plant are obtained.

 In the table. 1 shows the chemical composition of a food supplement from Jerusalem artichoke for the main components in accordance with the claimed solution.

 Example 2

 In industrial conditions, using a belt dryer with heat carrier gas, various compositions based on various parts of the plant were obtained.

 Table 2 presents the analysis data on the content (in%) of the most important chemical components in the obtained additives from various parts of the plant in accordance with the claimed solution.

 Example 3

 Table 3 shows the various food products with the inclusion of a food supplement from Jerusalem artichoke, obtained in industrial and laboratory conditions.

 Laboratory tests of additives from various parts of the plant and food products (bread, confectionery, tea drink).

 In the table. Figure 4 shows the data on the tests of the immunoactive properties of food additives on the example of composition 1 (Table 1) upon intragastric administration to laboratory mice of BDFI hybrids with GVHD induced immunodeficiency.

 Thus, in accordance with the proposed solution, the food supplement exhibits pronounced immunoactive properties, which is manifested in the stimulation of the cellular immune response (HRT) and the suppression of IgM antibody formation (AOK).

 Supplements obtained in accordance with the chemical compositions shown in Table 2 were tested for hemo- and immunoactive properties with repeated intragastric (12 times) administration every other day at doses of 250 mg / kg of weight to laboratory mice of BDFI hybrids with GVHD-induced immunodeficiency (modeling as therapeutic prophylactic food product).

 This model tested the effectiveness of additives as a means of diet therapy in the human diet, for which one of the main reasons for the development of various diseases is immunodeficiency associated with stress factors, environmental conditions, unbalanced nutrition, injuries, etc. Table 5 presents data on the effect of additives of various compositions from Jerusalem artichoke on the number of leukocytes in the blood of mice.

 Table 6 presents data on the effect of various formulations of Jerusalem artichoke additives on the primary humoral response.

 Reliability compared with the control group, p> 0.95. The designations of the compositions correspond to the data in Table 2.

 Thus, the use of various additives from Jerusalem artichoke as a supplement to food is a pronounced reliable suppression of IgM antibody formation. This is one of the essential characteristics of the new quality in the application of this invention in human diet therapy.

 As can be seen from tables 5 and 6, various Jerusalem artichoke compositions as additives have a pronounced combined property - leukopoiesis stimulating and lgM-suppressing.

 Products, which include Jerusalem artichoke in the form of tuberous or aerial parts thereof, were tested on mice of mature age. The experimental groups received bread and dragees with Jerusalem artichoke daily for 14 days (the concentration of Jerusalem artichoke 2.5 g / kg). A separate group of experimental animals in the regime of free soldering received tea (2 tablets / 250.0 ml) for 14 days. Tea was prepared by pouring 2 tablets (1 g of the additive) from the leaf part of the plant with 250 ml of boiling water. Control animals received food without Jerusalem artichoke and drink in the same mode.

 Table 7 presents data on the effect of bread and dragees on the humoral, and tea on the cellular immune response.

 As can be seen from the experimental data, feeding animals bread with Jerusalem artichoke leads to a reliable suppression of the primary humoral immune response (p> 0.95). Free drinking of Jerusalem artichoke tea stimulates the cellular immune response (HRT).

 The tests performed show the pronounced biologically active properties of various compositions of Jerusalem artichoke additives, which makes it possible to purposefully prepare food products and beverages with therapeutic and prophylactic properties in the proposed solution.

 The use of food additives from Jerusalem artichoke as biologically active food additives in diet therapy in a hospital setting for patients with diabetes mellitus, acute renal failure, duodenal ulcer, severe burn patients.

 A study of the clinical efficacy of the proposed supplement for patients with acute and chronic renal failure was carried out on the basis of the acute renal failure department of the Municipal Emergency Hospital N 1 in Novosibirsk. Under observation were 54 patients with a diagnosis of acute and chronic renal failure. 38 patients with acute renal failure represented mainly patients as a result of poisoning by alcohol substitute. 16 patients with chronic renal failure due to the disease (glomerulonephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, diabetes mellitus, etc.). All patients received in full adequate pathogenetic therapy. 21 patients with acute renal failure and 7 patients with chronic - made up the experimental groups - in addition to the main therapy, they used an additive at a dose of 4-6 g in the form of plates in the morning 30 minutes before meals - for 21 days.

 Clinical efficacy was assessed by the length of hospital stay.

 Table 8 presents data on the dietetic efficacy of CT in patients with acute and chronic renal failure.

 Thus, the data obtained indicate the clinical effectiveness of the dietary supplement for patients with renal failure: in acute cases, hospitalization is reduced by 5.2 days, and chronic - 10.5 days.

 Clinical testing in diet therapy for patients with a duodenal ulcer was carried out on groups of patients in 20 people (moderate severity) and 10 people (severe severity). The age of patients (men and women) ranged from 25 to 50 years. For comparison, we selected two control groups of patients with moderate severity - 10 people and severe disease - 5 people. The control groups of patients received standard antiulcer treatment: H2-blockers, enveloping preparations, antihelekobakterialnye drugs, reparants, substances that affect the motor function of the stomach and duodenum, physiotherapy. For the experimental groups of patients, along with the standard treatment regimen, dietary therapy with Jerusalem artichoke tuber supplement in powder form in a dose of 4-5 grams in the morning, 1 time per day 30 minutes before meals was used. The admission period was 20 days. Treatment control was carried out by careful clinical monitoring of patients and fibrogastroduodenoscopy.

 Table 9 shows the data on clinical observations of patients with a duodenal ulcer during testing of CT.

 When conducting fibrogastroduodenoscopy, it was found that in patients with moderate disease severity, scar formation occurred 6 days earlier than in patients of the control group. In patients with severe peptic ulcer disease, a scar formed 3 days earlier than in patients in the control group.

 The use of Jerusalem artichoke supplements in the course of treatment also reduced the length of hospital stay from 20 days to 15 days for patients with moderate disease severity and from 33 to 28 days for severe duodenal ulcer.

 Clinical trials of a new supplement under controlled conditions of the Clinical Nutrition Clinic of the Institute of Nutrition RAMS (Moscow) on a group of patients with type II diabetes mellitus in the stage of metabolic sub- and decompensation with the corresponding pathology of the cardiovascular system and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (micro- and macroangiopathy , arterial hypertension, chronic gastritis, duodenitis, cholecystitis, irritable bowel syndrome, etc.), using a wide range of general clinical, biochemical, immunochemical methods Studies characterizing the state of carbohydrate, lipid, vitamin metabolism, liver function, dietoterapevticheskuyu confirmed its efficiency. Its use in the form of a food product (15 g) in cereals at morning breakfasts, along with the complex treatment of patients with type II diabetes mellitus for 3 weeks, contributed to: a decrease in basal glycemia, a decrease in food glycemia; improving the dynamics of lipid metabolism (cholesterol, triglycerides); improving the availability of patients with ascorbic acid.

 The indicators characterizing the state of the immunological status of patients with type II diabetes mellitus (the content of immunoglobulins AGM and complement components C3 and C4) confirmed the previously revealed tendencies for depression of the humoral immunity in patients and the immunostimulating effect of the product at the Institute of Clinical Immunology SB RAMS, which manifested itself in an increase in concentration immunoglobulins A, G and C3. C4 complement components.

 The results of the use of the supplement from the tuberous part of Jerusalem artichoke in the diet therapy of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus showed the effectiveness of the product for normalizing metabolic processes, improving carbohydrate, lipid and microelement metabolism and for the case of insulin-dependent diabetes (Fig. 1, 2). The use of the proposed technical solution for such a group of patients has a beneficial effect on blood biochemical parameters, for example, on the hemoglobin content (Fig. 3).

 Extensive clinical testing of Jerusalem artichoke tubers supplements in complex diet therapy in severe burn patients (skin lesions up to 20-25%) showed an improvement in the condition of the experimental group patients, which was manifested in an improvement in the gastrointestinal tract (normalization of stool), improved appetite, and increased physical activity, improving sleep, reducing pressure sores. It is known that a few days after a burn injury, patients develop secondary immunodeficiency. In the case of an experimental group of patients, stimulation of the immune response is shown, which in the clinic confirmed the data on the dynamics of changes in the number of lymphocytes in the blood in patients. A significant clinical effect of the use of dietary supplements in diet therapy in a hospital for severe burn patients was a 2-fold reduction in the number of hematransfusions in the experimental group compared with the control group of patients.

 The presence of a combination of a polysaccharide complex with proteins and an increased content of potassium, phosphorus and silicon biogenic elements in the Jerusalem artichoke additive gives it uniqueness and allows realizing the possibility of creating a whole range of food products and drinks with therapeutic and prophylactic properties, which is of great importance for increasing the effectiveness of treatment of various diseases through complex diet therapy using both the supplement itself and food and drinks with its inclusion or based on it.

 Thus, the proposed food supplement from Jerusalem artichoke expands the scope of Jerusalem artichoke and gives practical results for use in medicine, and for the food industry - for the targeted production of new products and drinks with therapeutic and prophylactic properties and independent use as a biologically active food supplement in the form of plates powders, tablets, capsules.

Claims (2)

1. Dietary supplement from Jerusalem artichoke for the production of food products and beverages with therapeutic and prophylactic properties, containing tuberous and / or aerial parts of the plant in native or dry form of the following chemical composition,%:
Water - 0.5 - 80
Carbohydrates - 2.0 - 91.1
Protein - 1.0 - 20
Fats - 0.1 - 12.0
Fiber - 0.8 - 20.0
Ash residue - 0.8 - 16.0
2. The dietary supplement according to claim 1, characterized in that, along with the main components, it contains a high content of nutrients: potassium up to 3%, phosphorus up to 0.5% and silicon up to 0.3%.  3. The dietary supplement according to claim 1, characterized in that, along with the content of the individual parts of the plant, it may contain mixed compositions in the form of dried parts of the plant, which are used in the form of plates, powders, tablets, capsules.

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