RU214870U1 - GROUP CYCLONE FOR GAS CLEANING - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for cleaning dusty gases and can be used in the petrochemical, oil refining and metallurgical industries, as well as in thermal power engineering. The group cyclone contains cyclone elements, a common bin for captured dust, a chamber for collecting purified gas with a flue, an exhaust pipe, and a collector made in the form of a cylinder. The manifold decreases in diameter in height in steps with a tangential gas supply, and each stage is equipped with nozzles for removing part of the gas into the cyclone elements located tangentially. An additional filter is installed in each exhaust pipe to trap fine dust particles. The technical result consists in increasing the environmental efficiency of the group cyclone by reducing emissions of fine dust particles. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model is intended for cleaning dusty gases and can be used in the oil refining, petrochemical, metallurgical industries, as well as in the heat and power industry.

Known group cyclone "STsN-40-300x4", containing the inlet manifold, a common chamber for purified gas with a flue, a common bin for collecting trapped dust, four cyclone elements containing a vertical cylindrical body with a conical bottom, equipped with a fitting for removing dust, an exhaust pipe , a fitting for supplying a dusty gas stream to the apparatus, located tangentially to the body and cover (Handbook on dust and ash collection / edited by A.A. Rusanov. - M .: Energia, 1975).

The cyclone works as follows: the dust and gas flow is simultaneously fed through the inlet manifold to all cyclone elements. The dust and gas flow through the fitting installed tangentially to the body of the cyclone element enters, passes in a circle around the exhaust pipe and moves downward spirally, ensuring the separation of large particles of the dispersed phase from the dispersion medium (gas). In the lower part of the body, the flow loses speed and changes its direction, resulting in the precipitation of suspended particles. The purified gases move in an ascending spiral to the exhaust pipe, through which they are removed from the cyclone element. Removal of trapped dust particles occurs through the fitting. The purified gas flow enters the common chamber for purified gas, from where it enters the gas duct and further into the atmosphere.

Group cyclone "STsN-40-300x4" allows you to effectively remove dust particles from the dust-gas flow only large and medium dispersed phases.

The disadvantage of the known solution is the low efficiency of removing dust particles of a fine dispersed phase from the dust-gas flow. This is due to the fact that the design of the supply collector does not allow uniform distribution of dust and gas between the cyclone elements, as a result of which, in some cyclone elements, the gas flow velocity is insufficient to separate the fine dispersed phase of dust and the atmosphere is polluted.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed solution is a group cyclone for gas purification, which allows you to remove a large, medium and partially fine dispersed phase of particles from a dusty gas stream (Patent No. 59448, IPC V04C 5/12. Group cyclone for gas purification / V.D. Katin, R. V. Dolgov, M. Kh. Akhtyamov, A. I. Agoshkov (RF) - No. 2006123910/22; Claimed 04.07.2006, published 27.12.2006, Bull. No. 36).

The group cyclone contains cyclone elements, a common bunker for captured dust, a chamber for collecting purified gas and a collector made in the form of a cylinder, stepwise decreasing in diameter in height, with a tangential gas supply, each stage is equipped with nozzles for removing part of the gas into the cyclone elements , located tangentially, an exhaust pipe for removing the purified gas.

Group cyclone works as follows.

At the first stage, the dust and gas flow, getting inside the collector, passes in a circle around the exhaust pipe and moves downward spirally, providing an increase in the concentration of large particles of the dispersed phase near the walls of the cyclone body. Part of the dusty gas with a high concentration of large particles is discharged through the hole through the nozzle into a specially selected cyclone element to remove the large dust fraction. The rest of the gas flow continues to spiral downwards, and undetected fine particles are removed through the exhaust pipe. At the next stage, due to a decrease in the diameter of the collector, an increase in the speed of gas movement occurs, as a result of which there is a concentration of medium particles of the gas-dispersion medium near the inner wall of the collector. Another part of the dust-laden gas saturated with medium particles is discharged through the hole through the pipe, located tangentially, into a specially selected cyclone element for removing the medium fraction of dust, in which the uncaptured medium particles are removed through the exhaust pipe. The remaining part of the gas flow moves downward spirally, increasing its speed due to a stepwise decrease in the diameter of the collector, and enters a specially selected cyclone element for removing fine dust fraction, which is a continuation of the collector. In the lower part of the body, the flow loses speed and changes its direction, resulting in the precipitation of suspended particles. Partially purified gases in the cyclone elements move along the exhaust pipe, through which they are removed from the cyclone element. Purified gases from all cyclone elements enter the collection chamber and are then discharged into the atmosphere through the gas duct. The captured large and medium particles fall into a common dust collection bin.

A disadvantage of the known group cyclone is its low environmental efficiency due to the insufficient degree of purification of the dust and gas flow from fine dust particles emitted into the atmosphere. This can be explained by the inefficient cleaning of the dust and gas flow from fine dust particles in the cyclone elements, and they are removed in sufficient concentrations into the atmosphere through the exhaust pipes into the collection chamber and the flue.

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed utility model is to increase the environmental efficiency of a group cyclone by reducing emissions of fine dust particles by trapping them in a filter.

To solve this problem in a known device containing a supply manifold, a common chamber for purified gas with a gas duct, a common hopper for collecting trapped dust, cyclone elements containing a vertical cylindrical body with a conical bottom equipped with a fitting for removing dust, an exhaust pipe, a fitting for supplying into the apparatus of a dusty gas flow, located tangentially to the body, a cover, a collector located in the upper part of one of the cyclone elements, made in the form of a cylinder, stepwise decreasing in diameter in height, with a tangential gas supply, while each stage is equipped with nozzles for removing part gas into cyclone elements located tangentially, in addition, a filter is installed in each exhaust pipe to trap fine dust, which will significantly increase the environmental efficiency of the group cyclone.

A feature that distinguishes the claimed technical solution from the prototype, according to the utility model, is the location of the filter inside the exhaust pipe to trap fine dust. Thanks to this distinctive feature, the environmental efficiency of the group cyclone is significantly increased and the degree of gas purification from fine dust is increased.

The proposed group cyclone for gas purification is illustrated in the drawing (Fig. 1), which shows a vertical section of the cyclone.

The group cyclone contains cyclone elements 1, 2, 3, a common hopper for trapped dust 4, a chamber for collecting purified gas 5 and a collector 6 made in the form of a cylinder, stepwise decreasing in diameter in height, with a tangential gas supply, with each stage equipped with branch pipes 7 to remove part of the gas into cyclone elements located tangentially, exhaust pipes 8 to remove dust-free gases and filters 9 installed inside the exhaust pipes 8.

Group cyclone works as follows.

The dust and gas flow, getting inside the collector 6, passes in a circle around the exhaust pipe and moves downward spirally, providing an increase in the concentration of large particles of the dispersed phase near the walls of the cyclone. Part of the dusty gas with a high concentration of large particles is discharged through the hole through the pipe 7 into a specially selected cyclone element 1 to remove the large dust fraction. The rest of the gas flow continues to spiral down. At the next stage, due to a decrease in the diameter of the collector, an increase in the speed of gas movement occurs, as a result of which there is a concentration of medium particles of the gas-dispersion medium near the inner wall of the collector. Through the hole through the branch pipe 7 located tangentially, another part of the dusty gas saturated with medium-dispersed particles is removed into a specially selected cyclone element 2 to remove the average dust fraction. The remaining part of the gas flow moves downward spirally, increasing its speed due to a stepwise decrease in the diameter of the collector, and enters a specially selected cyclone element 3 for removing fine dust fraction, which is a continuation of the collector. The dust and gas flow, getting inside the cyclone elements 1, 2, 3, passes in a circle around the exhaust pipe 8 and moves downward spirally, ensuring the separation of particles of the dispersed phase. In the lower part of the housing, the flow loses speed and changes its direction, as a result of which solid dust particles fall out. Partially purified gases move in an ascending spiral to the exhaust pipe 8, through which they are discharged from the cyclone element. Purified from large and medium fractions, gases from all cyclone elements enter the chamber into chamber 5 for purified gas, from where they are released into the atmosphere through the gas duct. It should be noted that for additional purification of gases from dust particles of a fine dispersed phase, filters 9 are installed in each exhaust pipe 8. Thus, unlike the prototype, this device makes it possible to increase the environmental efficiency of a group cyclone and increase the degree of purification of the dust and gas flow by reducing emissions of fine particles.

The proposed arrangement of a group cyclone will significantly improve the environmental situation in the locations of coal and oil-fired boilers that are not equipped with dust and ash collectors. Installing additional filters will not require significant material costs, and the environmental effect is sufficient.

Claims (1)

A group cyclone for gas purification, containing an inlet manifold, a common chamber for purified gas with a gas duct, a common bin for collecting trapped dust, cyclone elements containing a vertical cylindrical body with a conical bottom equipped with a dust removal fitting, an exhaust pipe, a fitting for feeding into the apparatus dusty gas flow, located tangentially to the body, a cover, a collector located in the upper part of one of the cyclone elements, made in the form of a cylinder stepwise decreasing in diameter in height, with a tangential gas supply, each stage is equipped with nozzles for removing part of the gas into the cyclone elements located tangentially, characterized in that a filter is additionally installed inside each exhaust pipe to trap fine dust particles.

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