RU215325U1 - CYCLONE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is designed to clean gases from dust in the field of centrifugal forces and clean gases from harmful emissions components and can be used in the fuel and energy complex, as well as in environmental processes in cleaning and utilizing heat from flue gases and hot air. The cyclone contains a cylindrical-conical body with a tangential inlet pipe for supplying the gas to be purified, a heat exchanger with pipes for supplying and discharging liquid refrigerant, made in the form of a jacket, an axial exhaust pipe equipped with a helical tube with a pipe for introducing liquid, along the entire length of which vertical pipes for supplying couple inside the case. A plug is installed at the lower end of the tube. The branch pipe for supplying lime dust is located in the tangential branch pipe for supplying the gas to be purified. Vertical pipes for supplying steam into the housing are equipped with heating elements. A branch pipe is installed in the conical part of the cyclone for supplying liquid to wash off adhering sludge from the walls of the conical part of the cyclone body. The technical result is to increase the efficiency of gas purification from fine dispersed particles. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model is designed to clean gases from dust in the field of centrifugal forces and clean gases from harmful emissions components can be used in the fuel and energy complex, as well as in environmental processes in the purification and utilization of heat from flue gases and hot air.

The problem that exists in the field of environmental protection from pollution by flue gases is to clean flue gases from particles and harmful components of emissions, known cyclones that solve this problem make it possible to clean flue gases from large and medium dispersed particles.

The problem that exists in the field of flue gas cleaning is that the known cyclones do not allow to clean the dusty gas stream from particles of a fine dispersed phase and harmful emissions components.

Known cyclone TsN-15 [Handbook of dust and ash / ed. A.A. Rusanov. - M.: Energy, 1975.], containing a cylindrical body with a tangential inlet pipe and a conical bottom, an axial exhaust pipe, a dust removal bin.

The cyclone works as follows.

The dust and gas flow through the fitting installed tangentially to the cyclone body gets inside. The dusty gas flow passes in a circle around the exhaust pipe and moves downward spirally, ensuring the separation of large particles of the dispersed phase from the dispersion medium (gas). In the lower part of the body, the flow loses speed and changes its direction, resulting in the precipitation of suspended particles. The purified gases move in an ascending spiral to the exhaust pipe, through which they are discharged from the cyclone. Removal of trapped particles occurs through the fitting.

Known cyclone allows you to remove large and medium dispersed particles from a dusty gas stream.

A disadvantage of the known cyclone is its low efficiency in cleaning the dusty gas stream from particles of fine dispersed phase, as well as cleaning flue gases from harmful emissions components. The closest in technical essence to the claimed solution is a cyclone [Patent 88998 RF, MPK7 V04S 5/00. Cyclone / Akhtyamov M.Kh., Dolgov R.V., Zainulin R.A. - No. 2009129881/22; Claimed 08/03/2009; Published November 27, 2009, Bull. No. 33.].

The cyclone contains a cylindrical-conical body with a tangential inlet pipe for supplying the gas to be purified, a heat exchanger with pipes for supplying and discharging liquid refrigerant, made in the form of a jacket, an axial exhaust pipe equipped with a helical tube with a pipe for introducing liquid, along the entire length of which vertical pipes are evenly installed for steam supply inside the housing, and a plug is installed at the lower end of the tube, vertical branch pipes for supplying steam into the housing are equipped with heating elements, a tangential branch pipe for supplying the gas to be purified is equipped with a branch pipe for lime dust supply.

The cyclone works as follows.

Flue gases or hot air are supplied through a tangential inlet pipe, to which a gas stream containing lime dust is mixed through the pipe into the upper part of the cylindrical-conical body. At the same time, a liquid and a liquid refrigerant, usually water, are supplied through a pipe into a helical tube and a pipe into the heat exchanger jacket. The liquid refrigerant in the heat exchanger jacket, moving from the bottom up to the outlet pipe, heats up, cooling the flue gases or hot air moving inside the housing. The volume of liquid (water) supplied through the branch pipe to the helical tube is much less than the volume of liquid refrigerant supplied to the heat exchanger jacket. The walls of the helical tube, due to contact with flue gases or hot air, are heated to a temperature greater than the boiling point of the liquid, and the resulting steam exits through vertical pipes and mixes with the flow of flue gases or hot air. In cases where the temperature of the flue gases is not sufficient to heat the liquid above the boiling point of the liquid, the liquid is heated from the heating elements installed in the vertical nozzles. From flue gases or hot air cooled in the conical lower part of the housing to a temperature below the dew point temperature, liquid droplets are released, which condense on the particles of the dispersed phase, moistening and weighing them, and thereby increase the centrifugal settling rate and the degree of their capture. The plug prevents some of the liquid from flowing into the body, which does not have time to turn into steam in the helical tube, which prevents excess liquid and excessive moisture from the sludge that accumulates above the nozzle. The cleaned flue gas or hot air exits up the axial exhaust pipe, and the trapped particles accumulate in the lower part of the cylindrical body.

The disadvantage of the cyclone is that, during the operation of the cyclone, sludge sticks to the walls of the conical part of the cyclone body, which, in turn, leads to a decrease in the speed of the gas flow in the apparatus and reduces the efficiency of capturing fine dispersed particles.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to create a cyclone that improves the efficiency of gas purification from fine dispersed particles.

To solve this problem in a well-known cyclone, containing a cylindrical body with a tangential inlet pipe for supplying the gas to be purified, a heat exchanger with pipes for supplying and discharging liquid refrigerant, made in the form of a jacket, an axial exhaust pipe equipped with a helical tube with a pipe for introducing liquid, along the entire length where vertical pipes for supplying steam into the body are evenly installed, and a plug is installed at the lower end of the pipe, a pipe for supplying lime dust located in the tangential pipe for supplying the gas to be purified, vertical pipes for supplying steam into the body, equipped with heating elements, additionally in the conical part cyclone, a pipe is installed for supplying liquid to wash off adhering sludge from the walls of the conical part of the cyclone body.

The features that distinguish the inventive cyclone from the well-known, selected as a prototype, is the installation of a pipe for supplying liquid to wash off adhering sludge from the walls of the conical part of the cyclone housing.

Due to the distinctive features of the proposed cyclone increases the efficiency of cleaning a dusty gas stream from fine dispersed particles and harmful emissions components. This is due to the fact that the liquid entering through the liquid supply pipe washes off the adhering sludge from the walls of the conical part of the cyclone body, thereby ensuring a stable gas flow rate in the apparatus and increasing the efficiency of capturing fine dispersed particles.

The proposed cyclone is illustrated in the drawing.

In FIG. 1 shows a vertical section of a cyclone.

The cyclone contains a cylindrical-conical body 1 with a tangential inlet pipe 2 for supplying the gas to be purified, a heat exchanger with pipes for supplying and discharging liquid refrigerant 3, made in the form of a shirt, an axial exhaust pipe 4 equipped with a helical tube 5 with a pipe for introducing liquid, along the entire length of which vertical nozzles 6 are installed for supplying steam into the body, and a plug is installed at the lower end of the tube, vertical pipes for supplying steam into the body are equipped with heating elements 7, a tangential pipe for supplying the gas to be purified is equipped with a pipe for supplying lime dust 8, a pipe for supplying liquid 9.

The cyclone works as follows.

Flue gases or hot air are supplied through the tangential inlet pipe 2, to which a gas stream containing lime dust is mixed through the pipe 8 into the upper part of the cylindrical-conical body 1. liquid refrigerant, usually water. The liquid refrigerant in the heat exchanger jacket, moving from the bottom up to the outlet pipe, heats up, cooling the flue gases or hot air moving inside the housing. The volume of liquid (water) supplied through the branch pipe to the helical tube is much less than the volume of liquid refrigerant supplied to the heat exchanger jacket. The walls of the helical tube 5, due to contact with flue gases or hot air, are heated to a temperature greater than the boiling point of the liquid, and the resulting steam exits through vertical pipes and mixes with the flue gas or hot air flow. In cases where the temperature of the flue gases is insufficient to heat the liquid above the boiling point of the liquid, the liquid is heated from the heating elements 7 installed in the vertical pipes 6. Droplets are released from the flue gases or hot air cooled in the conical lower part of the housing to a temperature lower than the dew point temperature. liquids that condense on the particles of the dispersed phase, moistening and weighing them, and thereby contribute to an increase in the speed of centrifugal sedimentation and the degree of their capture. The plug prevents some of the liquid from flowing into the body, which does not have time to turn into steam in the helical tube, which prevents excess liquid and excessive moisture from the sludge that accumulates above the nozzle. Through the pipe for supplying liquid 9, liquid enters, which washes off the sludge adhering to the walls of the conical part of the cyclone. The cleaned flue gas or hot air exits upward through the axial exhaust pipe 4, and the trapped particles accumulate in the lower part of the cylindrical body.

The cyclone allows to remove particles of large, medium and fine dispersed composition, harmful emission components from the dust-gas flow, as well as to eliminate the sticking of sludge from the walls of the conical part of the cyclone body, thereby ensuring a stable speed of the gas flow in the apparatus and increasing the efficiency of capturing fine dispersed particles.

Claims (1)

A cyclone containing a cylindrical-conical body with a tangential inlet pipe for supplying the gas to be purified, a heat exchanger with pipes for supplying and discharging liquid refrigerant, made in the form of a shirt, an axial exhaust pipe equipped with a helical tube with a pipe for introducing liquid, along the entire length of which vertical pipes are evenly installed for steam supply inside the housing, and a plug is installed at the lower end of the tube, a branch pipe for supplying lime dust located in a tangential branch pipe for supplying gas to be cleaned, vertical branch pipes for supplying steam into the housing, equipped with heating elements, characterized in that it is equipped with a branch pipe for supplying liquid for washing off adhering sludge from the walls of the conical part of the cyclone body.

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