RU2147938C1 - Separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: extraction of particles from disperse systems (suspensions, colloidal solution, suspensions); recovery of minerals for extraction of free metals (gold, platinum, etc.), metal oxides, albumins, etc.; separation of charged articles, cleaning of water. SUBSTANCE: separator has housing with inlet and outlet holes with two cylindrical dielectric drums mounted in it concentrically; one drum with voltage source inside it is fixed and other external drum is mounted for rotation; separator is also provided with electrodes connected with voltage source. At least one electrode is made in form of semi-disk arranged in revolving drum and is secured coaxially of fixed drum in such way that diametral edge of semi-disk is located vertically; walls of inlet holes are parallel in upper portion of housing to external surfaces of revolving drum; dividing partition is additionally mounted inside housing in plane of axis between outlet holes. EFFECT: possibility of using considerable resources in recovery of noble and non-ferrous metals; enhanced economical efficiency; ecological safety. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of engineering and technology for the extraction of particles from disperse systems (suspensions, colloidal solutions, suspensions), and can be used in mining for the extraction of free metals (gold, platinum, etc.), for the extraction of metal oxides, protein substances, etc., for the separation of charged particles, for water purification. After processing the rocks in the dumps and tails, a certain amount of precious metals remains, mainly in small fractions.

 Existing methods and devices for the enrichment of gold-bearing ores are not effective enough to maximize the extraction of gold from dumps and placer deposits containing little gold. A known solution for mineral processing / 1 /, the essence of which is that the gold-bearing rock is crushed and classified into plums and sands. The enrichment efficiency is increased due to the fact that grinding is carried out in a rotary-pulsating apparatus of hydropercussion action. The sands of classification with a larger boundary grain size are sent to regrinding, as well as to the rotor-pulsation apparatus. The disadvantage of this device is that it does not provide for the extraction of the smallest particles.

 The closest is the installation for the extraction of substances and particles from suspensions and solutions / 2 /, which includes a housing with inlet and drain holes, a drive mounted in the housing of a cylindrical drum, inside which is a voltage source, electrodes connected to a voltage source.

 However, the principle of operation of this device is such that at the final stage of particle extraction, gravity forces are directed against electric forces that extract particles, which reduces the efficiency of particle extraction.

 The invention is aimed at increasing the efficiency of extraction of charged particles by eliminating the counteraction of electric forces to the gravity forces of the extracted particles, to increase the performance of the separator with the same volume and to simplify the design.

 This is achieved by the fact that in a separator comprising a housing with inlet and outlet openings, two concentrically arranged cylindrical, dielectric drums are installed in the housing, one of which is fixed motionless and inside which a voltage source is located, and the other, external, is mounted for rotation, and electrodes connected to a voltage source, according to the invention, at least one electrode is made in the form of a half-disk, placed in a rotating drum and mounted coaxially on a stationary drum that That the diametral edge half-disk positioned vertically, with the walls of the inlet openings in the upper housing portion are made parallel to the outer surfaces of the rotary drum, in addition, within the housing in a plane vertical axis and the diametrical edge of the electrode between the outlet openings installed partition wall.

 The implementation of at least one electrode in the form of a half-disk increases the area of attraction of charged particles to a rotating dielectric drum, and with its constant rotation, attraction of almost all charged particles is carried out, which increases not only the extraction of metal particles, but also increases the performance of the separator with the same volume and simultaneous simplification of the design. The fastening of the half-disk electrode in the aforementioned manner and the installation of a dividing wall vertically in the housing promotes the separation of charged particles drawn to the surface of the drum and uncharged, thereby complementing the electrostatic separation of the output stream by mechanical separation. Particle extraction efficiency is also due to the fact that gravity is always perpendicular to the electrostatic force separating the particles.

 The invention is illustrated in FIG. 12.

 The separator comprises a housing 1, in which a fixed drum 2 is installed, inside which a voltage source 3 is placed. An electrode in the form of a half-disk 4 with a vertically located diametrical edge 5 is coaxially mounted on the drum 2. The half-electrode 4 and the drum 2 are placed in a dielectric rotating drum 6, associated with the drive 7. Inside the housing 1 is vertically mounted dividing wall 8. In the upper part of the housing 1 there are inlet openings 9 and 10, the degrees of which are parallel to the outer surfaces of the rotating drum 6. In at the bottom of the case there are outlet openings 11 and 12, between which the said partition 8 is installed. The drive 7 and the voltage source 3 are connected to the network by means of clamps 13 and 14.

 Installation works as follows. The initial suspension through the inlet holes 9 and 10 enters the housing 1. Under the action of the electrostatic field of the electrode 4 of the corresponding sign, the charged particles are attracted to the surface of the hollow rotating drum 6, and a repulsive force acts on the particles of a different sign. Particles that are not attracted to the drum 6, when it is rotated, are deposited with subsequent removal through the channel for exit 12. The particles held by electrostatic forces then leave the area of the field of electrode 4 behind the partition and are removed through channel 11. The electric field is created by the high constant voltage of the voltage source 3.

 The increase in the efficiency of extraction of charged particles is due to the fact that gravity is always perpendicular to the electrostatic force separating the particles. In addition, in comparison with the prototype, the design of the separator is greatly simplified, since there is no metal drum, instead of a group of insulated rod electrodes, at least one electrode in the form of a half-disk can be installed, the circuit of connecting the electrode to the voltage source is simplified. This increases the working surface of the electrode (s) with the same volume of the separator.

 The device is characterized by high efficiency for the extraction of precious metal particles from unprofitable sands and dumps. For example, when the gold content of 0.87 g / t is enriched in a laboratory analogue of gold-bearing “tails,” the gold content increases by 2.4 times and the gold recovery exceeds 90%; when the earth is cleared of mercury, the mercury content decreases by 50 times and remains less than 0, 4% mercury; in the enrichment of lead-zinc dumps with lead content of 1.17 wt. % and 3.45 wt. %, silver 4.5 g / t with a single treatment, the weight of the concentrate is reduced by 2 times, lead recovery is about 60%, zinc is 90%, the silver content is brought up to 1.5 g / t; when cleaning kaolin from iron with an iron content of 1.4% and with a productivity of 2 l / s, the iron and titanium contents decrease by 2 times with a single treatment.

 The invention is intended for the separation of suspended particles in a liquid and can find application in the food, chemical, processing industries, for the use and elimination of environmentally harmful waste and dumps, for the purification and disinfection of water, for cleaning the earth from harmful substances.

 The application of the apparatus technology on a new principle basis makes it possible to use significant resources in the extraction of precious and non-ferrous metals with a high economic effect and to contribute to solving the environmental problem of eliminating waste and dumps through their secondary use.

Sources of information
1. Application for patent of the Russian Federation N 92008083/03, decl. 11/27/92, publ. 01/27/95, B.I. 3, 95. The method of beneficiation of gold ores.

 2. RF patent N 2098193, C1, 6 B 03 C 7/06, application. 07.26.97, BI, N 34.

Claims (1)

 A separator comprising a housing with inlet and outlet openings, two concentric cylindrical, dielectric drums installed in the housing, one of which is fixed motionless and within which a voltage source is located, and the other, external, is rotatably mounted, and electrodes connected to a voltage source characterized in that at least one electrode is made in the form of a half-disk, placed in a rotating drum and mounted coaxially on a stationary drum so that the diametrical edge half-disk positioned vertically, with the walls of the inlet openings in the upper housing portion are made parallel to the outer surfaces of the rotary drum, in addition, inside the casing vertically in a plane between the axis of the outlet openings installed partition wall.

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