RU2145756C1 - Method and device for connecting electrical equipment components - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical and radio engineering. SUBSTANCE: method involves manufacture of passive electrical component that has electricity conducting layer 3 and insulating layer (substrate) 4, insertion (embedding) of leads 2 of component (resistor, capacitor, conductor, and the like) into passive component whose hardness is lower than that of electrical component lead material so as to ensure contact between both components. Leads 2 may be formed both in conducting layer 3 and in insulating layer 4. EFFECT: facilitated procedure, provision for reuse and recovery of components. 25 cl, 33 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of electrical and radio engineering, in particular to methods, devices and types of electrical and electronic connections.

State of the art
A known method and device for mounting radio components, in which the conclusions of the radio components are fixed in the printed circuit board using adapters due to their elastic elements (US patent N 4181387, published January 1, 1980).

 A known method and device for mounting radio components, in which the findings of the radio components are fixed in the circuit board due to the elastic elements of the findings (US patent N 4655537, published April 7, 1987).

 There is a method of connecting electrical elements using a rubber breadboard (V. Shopin, Rubber breadboard, Radio N 10, 1997, p. 45), in which holes are pierced with a needle in the rubber into which conclusions of parts adjacent to the circuit are inserted. The findings of the parts inserted into the holes turn out to be elastically compressed by rubber, which ensures reliable electrical contact.

 Closest to the claimed is a method and device for printed circuit mounting, in which the electrical connections of the elements are made using printed conductors by soldering and their conclusions (legs) of the elements are connected by soldering to conductive elements (printed conductors). (N.Ts. Tsybina, E.M. Lazarev. Designing of electronic products using various types of installation, Moscow, Moscow Institute of Radio Engineering, Electronics and Automation, 1990).

The disadvantages of the known methods and devices are:
Complex, labor-consuming, time-consuming and environmentally harmful technology for the production of compounds and preparation of printed circuit boards (modern methods for manufacturing printed circuit boards take about 8 hours (review by ZRM-Printtechnik Leiterplatten, Berlin, 1996, ZRM-Printtechnik GmbH & Co. Kg);
low labor productivity:
low environmental friendliness;
difficulties in making changes to the installation of the finished board;
difficulty or inability to dispose and reuse electronic components;
exposure to high temperatures during soldering can lead to failure of electronic components (limiting contact time);
the effect of high temperatures when evaporating from parts for the purpose of their further use can also lead to the failure of electronic components.

Disclosure of Invention
The aim of the invention is to simplify the process of connecting electrical elements, as well as the possibility of their reuse and disposal.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of connecting electrical elements, in which the output of one electrical element is fastened to another electrical element and the output of the electrical element is embedded in a passive electrical element.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that in the place of contact of the output of the electric element with the surface of the passive electric element, incisions are made.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that in the place of contact of the output of the electric element, a hole is made in the passive electric element, and the cross section of the hole is less than the cross section of the output.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the output of the electrical element is performed stepwise, and the step is located between the end of the output and the place of its attachment to the housing of the electrical element.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that a passive electric element is made multilayer, consisting of at least one electrically conductive and at least one insulating layer.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that a passive electric element is made multilayer, consisting of an electrically conductive layer on a substrate and an insulating layer.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the electrically conductive layer is made by applying electrically conductive particles to the substrate.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the conductive layer of the passive electric element is made of an electrically conductive material, for example, electrically conductive plastic, the hardness of which is less than the hardness of the output material of the electric element.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the strength of the bonding of the conclusions of the electric element with a passive electric element is less than the strength of the bonding of the electrically conductive layer on a substrate with an insulating layer.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that in the connection of electrical elements containing an electric element and a passive electric element, while the output of the electric element is bonded to the passive electric element by penetrating into the passive electric element with the formation of electrical contact between them.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the output of the electrical element is made pointed.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the passive electrical element is made in the form of a printed circuit board.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the output of the electrical element is made with a platform located between the mounting point of the output with the housing and its end.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the output is made with a decreasing area from the place of attachment of the output to its end.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the output is made with a locking element.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the passive electric element is made multilayer.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the passive electric element contains electrically conductive and insulating layers.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the passive element contains electrically conductive, fixing and insulating layers.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the electrically conductive layer of the passive element is made of electrically conductive rubber.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the passive element is made in the form of a separate module, for example, in the form of a sphere or a polyhedron.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the surface of the housing facing the passive electric element is made as a reference.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that between the casing of the electric element and the passive electric element is an elastic gasket.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the output has a circular cross section.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the conclusion is made rough.

 This goal is also achieved by the fact that the connection contains an electric element bonded to a passive electric element using an adapter.

Brief Description of the Figures
The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a general connection diagram, FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the connection of electrical elements using adapters; in FIG. 3 shows various connection options for electrical elements; in FIG. 4 shows an electrical connection using standard printed circuit boards: FIG. 5 shows a passive element in the form of a sphere: in FIG. 6 shows a passive element made in the form of a cube: in FIG. 7 shows a passive element made in the form of a parallelepiped; in FIG. 8 shows a connection diagram of electrical parts with spherical passive elements; in FIG. 9 are given sections of the conclusions of electrical elements; in FIG. 10 shows an output leg of an electrical element; in FIG. 11 shows the manufacturing process of a passive element in the form of a board, the process of connecting electrical elements and their disposal.

 The electrical connection contains an electric element consisting of a housing 1 and terminals 2, and a passive electric element consisting of an electrically conductive layer 3 and an insulating layer (substrate) 4. The conductive layer may be a conductive pattern formed by an electrically conductive material, such as copper or aluminum. The surface of the findings 2 can be made rough.

 The passive electric element is made in the form of an insert (adapter) 5 (Fig. 2), which is bonded to the electrically conductive layer 3.

 The passive element contains a fixing layer 6 and an insulating layer 7 (Fig. 3), which provides structural strength. Layer 6 and layer 7 are bonded to each other, for example, with glue. The conductive layer is made in the form of a printed conductor 8, a sprayed layer 9 or made of electrically conductive rubber 10.

 The output of the element has a pointed part 11 or a blunt 12. The final part of the output of the electrical element can have several legs 13. The output 14 has a supporting surface, the surface can be symmetrical 15 and have a taper 16. The output can be made in the form of a tapering conical surface 17 and can have square section 18. In the passive electric element there are: a blind hole 19, a through hole 20 and a tapered hole 21. Holes 19, 20 and 21 are intended for easier insertion of the terminals of the electric elements.

 At the ends of the terminals are fixing elements that impede the output of the terminals from the passive electrical element (hooks). The locking elements may have a larger cross section than the terminals themselves. The locking elements are made as symmetrical 22 or asymmetrical 23. The fixing element 24 can be located both in the conductive layer and in the insulating (fixing element 25). Conclusions 26 can be made in the form of a cylinder. Electrical elements can have both the same type of terminals and different. The passive electric element may contain an insulating material in the form of a transparent foil 27 and thus consist only of a conductive layer and a foil (not shown in Fig.). The foil 27 is bonded to the fixing layer 6 and the insulating layer 7. The conductive layer 28 can only be bonded to the insulating layer 7. The passive element can be made flexible.

 A passive electric element can be multilayer, for example, in the form of a multilayer printed circuit board consisting of several conductive (29 and 30), fixing (31 and 32) and insulating (7 and 33) layers. The passive element is made both single and double-sided.

 The housing 1 of the electric element contains a gasket 34, for example, of elastic material, which allows additional contact between the housing 1 and the surface of the passive electric element (in Fig. With an insulating layer 7). The housing of the electric element 35 is made with a supporting lower insulating surface, which is in contact with the surface of the passive electric element (in Fig. With a conductive layer 10). This allows you to adjust the depth of implementation of conclusions 11 and increases the reliability of the contact. The conductive layer is made in the form of individual elements 36, in which the findings 11 are embedded.

 The standard element 37 (Fig. 4) with cylindrical legs 38 is fastened with adapters 39 having pointed leads compared to legs 38. Adapters are fastened with conductive elements 10 that are located on the insulating board 40.

 The closed-head adapter 41 and the open-head adapter 42 are located in the holes of the standard board (intended for soldering parts) and are connected to the printed conductors 43.

 For commonly used standard printed circuit boards, passive electrical elements are made in the form of adapters containing a metal leg 44, fastened by soldering to the board 40, and the leg 44 is fastened to a cup 45, inside which is an electrically conductive plastic 46.

 The passive element is made in the form of a sphere 47 (Fig. 5), a cube 48 (Fig. 6) or parallelepiped 49 (Fig. 7). On the passive element incisions 50 are applied (Fig. 7) for easier and more accurate penetration of the terminals 2 of the electric element.

 The passive element is made of "soft" conductive material 51 (Fig. 8), for example, electrically conductive rubber or plastic (Electronics. Encyclopedic Dictionary. Moscow, Sovetskaya Encyclopedia Publishing House 1991). The passive element is made of two layers and contains a conductive material 52 and an insulating material 53, the passive element can be multilayer and contains a conductive material 54, an insulating material 55 and a fixing layer 56.

 The conductive layer 52 is divided into several parts by an insulating layer 57.

 The passive element is made of conductive wire 58 with insulation 59.

 The output of the electric element 2 has a circular cross-section 60 (Fig. 9), a square cross-section 61, a rectangular cross-section 62. The output 2 may contain several identical cross-sections, for example square 63. The output 2 has a star-shaped cross-section 64 (4 ray star), a triangular cross-section 65, the cross-section is a rhombus 66 or a 3-ray star 67. Terminal 2 has a cut round section 68, part of a circle 69, consists of two symmetric or asymmetric parts of a circle 70 and 71, has a truncated square section 72. Terminal 2 contains a number of rods having a triangular section 73 has to ltseobraznoe section 74, section formed by two intersecting squares 75, 76 and a cross-shaped cross section.

 Conclusions 2 consist (Fig. 10) of the main body of the main rod 77, the narrowing 78, the cylindrical part 79, the locking protrusion (beard) 80 and the tip 81.

 In the manufacturing process of the passive conductive element, a computer 82 is indicated (Fig. 11), an inkjet printer 83, which allows particles of the conductive material to be applied to the substrate 84 and forming a printed pattern 85. The substrate 84 is bonded to the fixing layer 6 and the insulating (structural) layer 7 in the process.

Embodiments of the invention
The method of connecting electrical parts is implemented as follows (Fig. 1). A passive element is made which contains an electrically conductive layer 3 and an insulating layer (substrate) 4. The terminals 2 of the electric element (resistor, capacitor, wire, etc.) are embedded (stuck) into the electrically conductive passive element, thereby reaching the contact of both electric elements. The terminal 2 can be fixed both in the electrically conductive layer 3 and in the insulating layer 4. A protective coating can be applied to the connection (not shown in Fig.), Which performs both protective functions and serves for more durable bonding of electrical elements.

 The method of connecting electrical parts is also realized by the fact that the electric element is fastened with the help of terminals 2 (Fig. 2) with a passive electric element with adapters 5.

 The method of connecting electrical parts is also realized by the fact that in the place of contact of the terminal 18 (Fig. 3) of the electric element, an opening 19 is made in the passive electric element, the cross section of the hole being smaller than the cross section of the terminal. The terminals 18 of the electrical element are inserted into the hole 19 and fixed.

 The method of connecting electrical parts is also realized by the fact that the terminal 15 (Fig. 3) of the electric element is stepwise, the step being located between the end of the terminal and its attachment point to the housing 1 of the electric element.

 The method of connecting electrical parts is also realized by the fact that the output 22 (Fig. 3) is made with a fixing element, for example, in the form of a locking protrusion (beard) 80 (Fig. 10) and a tip 81. The tip 81 is inserted into the passive element by piercing the electrically conductive layer 3 and fixed in the fixing layer 6. The locking protrusion 80 does not allow the terminal 2 of the electrical element to exit the fixing layer 6. Electrical contact is made using the contacting surfaces 78 of the output of the electric element and the electrically conductive layer 3.

 The method of connecting electrical parts can also be implemented by the fact that the electrically conductive elements 36 are fastened to the insulating layer 7, for example, by means of glue and the leads 11 of the electrical elements are embedded in the electrically conductive elements 36.

 The method of connecting electrical parts can also be implemented by the fact that the surface of the housing of the electric element 35, facing the passive electric element, is made support.

 The method of connecting electrical parts can also be implemented by the fact that the passive electric element is multilayer, consisting of layers 31, 32, 33 and 7.

 The method of connecting electrical parts can also be implemented by the fact that between the casing 11 of the electric element and the passive electric element have an elastic gasket 34. The findings may have a circular cross section 60 (Fig. 9).

 The method of connecting electrical parts can also be realized by the fact that a standard electric element 37 (Fig. 4) with cylindrical legs 38 is fastened with adapters 39 having pointed leads compared to legs 38 of electric element 37. Adapters 39 are fastened with conductive elements 10, which located on the insulating board 40.

 The method of connecting electrical parts can also be implemented by the fact that the adapter 41 with a closed head and adapter 42 with an open head are installed in the holes of a standard board (intended for connection to parts by soldering) and connected to printed conductors 43.

 The method of connecting electrical parts can also be implemented by the fact that for standard printed circuit boards passive electrical elements are made in the form of adapters containing a metal leg 44 fastened by soldering to the board 40, and the leg 44 is fastened to a cup 45, inside which is an electrically conductive plastic 46 .

 The method of connecting electrical parts can also be realized in that the passive element is made in the form of a sphere 47 (Fig. 5), or polyhedrons (for example, a cube 48 (Fig. 6) or parallelepiped 49 (Fig. 7). 50 (Fig. 7), for easier and more accurate penetration of the terminals 2 of the electrical element.

 The method of connecting electrical parts can also be implemented by the fact that the passive element is made of a "soft" conductive material 51 (Fig. 8), into which the terminals of the electrical elements are embedded. Thus, it is possible to carry out spatial installation of electrical circuits.

 The method of connecting electrical parts can also be implemented by the fact that the passive element is double-layer of the conductive material 52 and the insulating material 53, the findings 2 pierce the insulating layer 53 and are fixed in the conductive material 52. The insulating layer 53 prevents accidental electrical contacts.

 The method of connecting electrical parts can also be implemented by the fact that the passive element is multilayer, containing a conductive material 54, an insulating material 55 and a fixing layer 56. In this case, electrical contact between the electric elements is carried out by means of a layer of conductive material 54.

 The method of connecting electrical parts can also be implemented in that the conductive layer 52 is separated by an insulating layer 57 into several conductive parts.

 The method of connecting electrical parts can also be implemented in that the passive element is made of an electrically conductive wire 58 with insulation 59.

 There is a known method of manufacturing boards in which the base is made of foil-coated fiberglass with a dielectric coating, and then the conductive layer is made by metal deposition using a stencil on the dielectric base of the board (Electronics. Encyclopedic Dictionary. Moscow, Sovetskaya Encyclopedia Publishing House, 1991, p. 210 )

For the proposed method, the following sequence of actions is implemented (Fig. 11):
Using a computer 82, a PCB layout is prepared;
On a printer (inkjet) 83, finely dispersed conductive powders (Ag, Ni, Fe, carbon black, graphite, etc.) are applied to the substrate 84, thereby forming an electrically conductive pattern 85. For more solid fastening of the powders, binders, for example, thermoplastics, can be used.

 The substrate 84 with the electrically conductive pattern 85 is bonded, for example, with adhesive with a fixing layer 6. The fixing layer 6 can be used as a structural layer, but can also be bonded with an insulating layer 7.

 After the above processes, a printed circuit board is obtained into which the terminals of 2 electrical elements are embedded, thereby achieving electrical contact of the elements with the electrically conductive pattern 85.

 Disposal and reuse of elements can be carried out as follows.

Disposal can be carried out as follows:
1. Remove (extract) the legs 2 of the electrical elements from the fixing layer 6 of the printed circuit board.

 2. Tear off the substrate 84 from the fixing layer 6, thereby removing the conclusions 2 of the electrical elements from the fixing layer.

 After these procedures, the elements are ready for future use.

 Under the fixing layer refers to the layer in which the findings of the electrical elements are fixed. As the fixing layer, an electrically conductive layer, a substrate, an insulating layer, or a combination thereof can be used.

 The conclusions of an electrical element are understood as the legs of microcircuits, the ends of wires, etc. Conclusions can have both cylindrical geometry and special.

 Board coating is a process of chemical, electrochemical or any other method of applying an electrically conductive coating to all or part of a printed circuit board.

 A printed circuit board is understood to mean a board containing base material cut to size and containing at least one conductive pattern. The printed circuit board can be either single-layer or multi-layer.

 Electrical elements are understood as electrical and radio components, printed circuit boards, wires, cables, etc.

 Passive electrical elements include printed circuit boards, connectors, wires, etc.

 Under the notches are understood as notches of the surface of the passive element, and its punctures (through or deaf). Punctures are performed, for example, with a needle.

Industrial applicability
When analyzing the invention for compliance with the criterion of "novelty", it was revealed that part of the features of the claimed combination is new, therefore, the invention meets the criterion of "novelty."

 When analyzing the invention for compliance with the criterion of "inventive step", it was found that the technical solution of the analyzed object is new, therefore, the features meet the criterion of "inventive step", since it represents a new set of features, as a combination of known features and a new technical property, and also represents a new arrangement, quantity and connection of elements. In addition, through the proposed method and device, a result is achieved that meets long-standing needs (simplifying the process of connecting parts, the possibility of their reuse and disposal).

 The invention can be used in computer technology, can be replicated and, therefore, meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

 The advantages of the proposed technical solution are the availability and simplicity of technology, ease of manufacture of the printed circuit board, as well as the ability to replace parts when arranging an assembled device. Replacing the soldering of parts with the proposed method will reduce the failure of electronic components by eliminating their heating. The proposed device can also be used as a breadboard for experimental assembly and adjustment of electronic devices.

The proposed method has the following advantages:
the process of manufacturing elements is simplified;
manufacturing of a printed circuit board is simplified;
elements are easy to recycle and reuse;
The troubleshooting process is simplified.

Claims (25)

 1. The method of connecting electrical elements, in which the output of one electrical element is fastened with another electrical element, characterized in that the output of the electrical element is embedded in a passive electrical element, the hardness of which is less than the hardness of the output material of the electrical element.  2. The method of connecting electrical elements according to claim 1, characterized in that in the place of contact of the output of the electrical element with the surface of the passive electric element, incisions are made.  3. The method of connecting electrical elements according to claim 1, characterized in that in the place of contact of the output of the electrical element, a hole is made in the passive electric element, the cross section of the hole being smaller than the cross section of the terminal.  4. The method of connecting electrical elements according to claim 1, characterized in that the output of the electrical element is stepwise, and the step is located between the end of the output and the place of its attachment to the housing of the electrical element.  5. The method of connecting electrical elements according to claim 1, characterized in that the passive electric element is made multilayer, consisting of at least one electrically conductive and at least one insulating layer.  6. The method of connecting electrical elements according to claim 1, characterized in that the passive electric element is made multilayer, consisting of an electrically conductive layer on a substrate and an insulating layer.  7. The method of connecting electrical elements according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrically conductive layer is made by applying electrically conductive particles to the substrate.  8. The method of connecting electrical elements according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrically conductive layer of the passive electric element is made of soft electrically conductive material, such as electrically conductive plastic.  9. The method of connecting electrical elements according to claim 1, characterized in that the bonding strength of the terminals of the electrical element with a passive electric element is less than the bonding strength of the electrically conductive layer on a substrate with an insulating layer.  10. The connection of electrical elements containing an electric element and a passive electric element, characterized in that the output of the electric element is bonded to the passive electric element by penetrating into the passive electric element, the hardness of which is less than the hardness of the output material of the electric element, with the formation of an electrical contact between them.  11. The connection of electrical elements according to claim 10, characterized in that the output of the electrical element is made pointed.  12. The connection of electrical elements according to claim 10, characterized in that the passive electrical element is made in the form of a printed circuit board.  13. The connection of electrical elements according to claim 10, characterized in that the output of the electrical element is made with a pad located between the mounting point of the output with the housing and its end.  14. The connection of the electrical elements of claim 10, wherein the output is made with a decreasing area from the point of attachment of the output to its end.  15. The connection of electrical elements according to claim 10, characterized in that the output is made with a locking element.  16. The connection of electrical elements according to claim 10, characterized in that the passive electric element is multilayer.  17. The connection of electrical elements according to claim 10, characterized in that the passive electrical element contains electrically conductive and insulating layers.  18. The connection of electrical elements according to claim 10, characterized in that the passive element contains electrically conductive, fixing and insulating layers.  19. The connection of electrical elements according to claim 10, characterized in that the electrically conductive layer of the passive element is made of electrically conductive rubber.  20. The connection of electrical elements according to claim 10, characterized in that the passive element is made in the form of a separate module, for example, in the form of a sphere or a polyhedron.  21. The connection of electrical elements according to claim 10, characterized in that the surface of the housing facing the passive electric element is made support.  22. The connection of the electrical elements of claim 10, characterized in that between the casing of the electrical element and the passive electrical element is an elastic gasket.  23. The connection of electrical elements according to claim 10, characterized in that the output has a circular cross section.  24. The connection of electrical elements according to claim 10, characterized in that the output is made rough.  25. The connection of electrical elements according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection comprises an electric element bonded to a passive electric element using an adapter.

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