RU214385U1 - DEVICE FOR MEASURING SOIL HARDNESS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to instruments for measuring the physical properties of soils, in particular for determining soil hardness. The device for measuring soil hardness includes guide rods 1 with a base 2 and a movable plate 3, an upper support plate 4, a locking assembly 5, a rod 6 with a replaceable tip 7, a handle 8, a plate 9, and a movable pressure plate is located between the rod 6 and the spring 10 11, on the side surface of which there is a protrusion in the form of a cylinder 12, and on the plate 9 there is a through slot 13 for free movement of the protrusion in the vertical direction when the spring 10 is deformed, the protrusion 12 of the movable pressure plate 11 is kinematically connected to the rod 14 of the potentiometric linear displacement sensor 15, moreover, the output signal from the sensor 15 through the converter 16 is fed to the display module 17. The proposed device is designed to determine the hardness of the soil in the field.

Description

The utility model relates to instruments for measuring the physical properties of soils, in particular for determining soil hardness.

The Revyakin hardness tester is known [1], due to its simplicity and reliability, it has become most widespread and gradually replaced other devices in the Soviet, and subsequently in the post-Soviet space. Part of the working device is a replaceable tip screwed onto the lower end of the telescopic rod, which is connected to the push handle through a spring. The deformation of the spring is transmitted through a system of rods and levers to the spring bracket and forms a diagram on a paper tape with a pencil.

The disadvantage of this device is the difficulty of translating the measurement results from the encoded value in natural (kg/cm ² ), as well as the accuracy of the measurement results.

The closest in technical essence is a device for measuring soil hardness, including upper and lower support plates with guide rods fixed between them with a movable plate, a removable paper plate and a telescopic rod with a replaceable tip, with a spring, a carriage, a writing mechanism, a handle and a fixing screw, and between the horizontal rod and the spring bracket of the writing mechanism, a rotary assembly is additionally made, consisting of a body with a lever, a small cylindrical spring, an axle with a washer and nuts, and on the guide rods on one side under the upper support plate a locking assembly is fixed, made of cylindrical clamps with bolts and a hole in the center for the fixing screw, and on the other hand, a spring clamp with pressure brackets is fixed above the lower edge of the base plate with a clamp, inside which a disk with a flat is installed in the center of the lower cylindrical lapel of the base plate, adjacent to the guide rod [2].

The presence of a large number of hinged joints in conjunction with the method of taking readings (a pencil draws a curve on a removable plate for papers, then it is measured and, using a calibration coefficient (individual for each hardness tester), the average hardness value is determined) does not allow hardness measurements to be made with sufficient accuracy soil.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to develop a technical solution that makes it possible to measure soil hardness in the field with high accuracy.

Essence: reducing the number of movable interfaces of elements in the mechanisms of the device, as well as an automated method for obtaining measurement results in physical terms, contributes to high accuracy in determining soil hardness.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the accuracy of the results when measuring soil hardness.

The technical result is achieved in that the device for measuring soil hardness includes guide rods 1 with a base 2 and a movable plate 3, an upper support plate 4, a locking assembly 5, a rod 6 with a replaceable tip 7, a handle 8, a plate 9, and between the rod 6 and spring 10 is a movable pressure plate 11, on the side surface of which there is a protrusion in the form of a cylinder 12, and on the plate 9 there is a through slot 13 for free movement of the protrusion in the vertical direction when the spring 10 is deformed, the protrusion 12 of the movable pressure plate 11 is kinematically connected to the rod 14 of the potentiometric linear displacement sensor 15, and the output signal from the sensor 15 through the converter 16 is fed to the display module 17.

The proposed device for measuring soil hardness is illustrated by the flow diagram shown in Fig. 1 "General view", fig. 2 "Front view at work" and Fig 3 "Side view at work".

Soil hardness measuring device includes:

1 - guide rods;

2 - base;

3 - movable plate;

4 - upper support plate;

5 - locking knot;

6 - bar;

7 - replaceable tip;

8 - handle;

9 - plate;

10 - spring;

11 - movable pressure plate;

12 - protrusion in the form of a cylinder;

13 - through slot;

14 - rod potentiometric linear displacement sensor;

15 - potentiometric linear displacement sensor;

16 - converter;

17 - display module.

The device works as follows. In a given place, a hardness tester is placed with its base 2 on the soil in a vertical position. Holding the device by the upper support plate 4, they press on the handle 8. The force is transferred to the movable plate 3, which, moving along the guide rods 1, acts on the rod 6. The rod 6 acts on the movable pressure plate 11 and the spring 10. Compressing, the spring 10 presses the replaceable tip 7 into the soil (for example, to a depth of dx (Fig. 1)).

When the movable pressure plate 11 moves down (with pressure on the handle 8), the protrusion 12 pulls the rod 14 of the potentiometric linear displacement sensor 15. The signal from the sensor 15 is fed to the transducer 16, and after being converted to kg/cm ² it is output to the display module 17.

After removing the load from the handle 8, the spring 10 is released, and the tip 7 returns to its original position (Fig. 3). In this case, the results are stored on the display module 17 (peak value) until the next measurement or turning off the device.

When measuring hardness on highly compacted or dried soil, great efforts are applied to the handle 8 of the hardness tester to deepen the tip. Torsional loads increase on the hardness tester, which loosen the attachment points of the guide rods 1 with the upper support plate 4 and the base 2. To increase the overall rigidity of the structure, a locking assembly 5 is installed under the upper support plate 4 of the hardness tester. In addition, the locking assembly 5 limits the vertical movement of the rods 6, which prevents the tip 7 from falling out of the central hole of the base 2.

The proposed device is designed to determine the hardness of the soil in the field.

Bibliography

1. Vadyunina A.F., Korchagina Z.A. Methods for studying the physical properties of soils. - M.: Agropromizdat, 1986. - 141 p.

2. Patent No. 2717169 C1 Russian Federation, IPC G01N 3/40. Soil hardness measuring device: No. 2019118685: Appl. 06/14/2019: publ. 03/18/2020 / V.A. Vytovtov, A.V. Pruschik, Yu.P. Sukhanovsky, S.A. Tarasov; applicant Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Kursk Federal Agrarian Research Center".

Claims (1)

A device for measuring soil hardness, including guide rods with a base and a movable plate, an upper support plate, a locking assembly, a rod with a replaceable tip, a handle, a plate, characterized in that a movable pressure plate is located between the rod and the spring, on the side surface of which there is a protrusion in the form of a cylinder, and a through slot is made on the plate for free movement of the protrusion in the vertical direction when the spring is deformed, the protrusion of the movable pressure plate is kinematically connected to the rod of the potentiometric linear displacement sensor, and the output signal from the sensor through the converter is fed to the display module.

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