RU2141046C1 - Axial internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; piston machines. SUBSTANCE: proposed engine has crankless mechanism converting reciprocating motion of piston into rotary motion of working shaft. Cylinders are arranged in star-like manner. Piston are connected by rods through roller supports on their ends with inner working edges of path of rotating disk rigidly secured on shaft. Pairs of opposite cylinders are uniformly spaced over disk circumference, cylinders of each pair being displaced relative to their common longitudinal geometrical axis to side opposite to working rotation of disk. EFFECT: simplified design of engine. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to piston machines, in particular to internal combustion engines with a rodless mechanism for converting reciprocating pistons into rotational motion of the working shaft.

 Known internal combustion engine with a rodless mechanism for converting reciprocating motion of the pistons into rotational motion of the working shaft with star-shaped cylinders. Its pistons are pairwise rigidly interconnected by rods, articulated through bearings with the middle necks of the crankshaft, which has the rotation of the extreme necks, with the movement of the piston systems and the rods connecting them along the axis of opposite cylinders. In this case, the working shaft of the engine is made of two parts with crankshaft bearing for fixing them on a radius of one quarter of the piston stroke, the extreme necks of the crankshaft, and is equipped with a connecting shaft that fixes with the help of gears the position of the cranks of both parts of the working shaft relative to each other / 1 /.

The disadvantages of the known engine: the presence of a crankshaft, the rigidity and balancing of which is quite difficult to ensure with a large number of cylinders; the inability to install on the middle necks of the crankshaft of the rolling bearings / instead of sliding / to articulate them with the piston rods; the presence of an additional shaft and gears, fixing the relative position of the cranks of the working shaft;
Closest to the technical nature of the claimed engine is a piston machine Sheremetov. The piston machine comprises a shaft with a rotating disk, on the surface of which a treadmill with an outer edge is made, interacting through roller bearings with opposed pistons. Pistons are rigidly connected by a connecting guide rod, in the middle of which a disk shaft is placed, and roller bearings are installed at the ends. In this case, the treadmill is made profile with at least three identical protrusions and troughs, and is equipped with an additional internal working edge. Each end of the traction is equipped with additional roller bearings interacting with the inner working edge of the treadmill / 2 /.

 The disadvantages of the Sheremetov piston machine are: design complexity with a large number of pistons; the impossibility of using it as an engine due to the coaxial arrangement of the opposing pistons and, as a consequence, the difficulty of withdrawing the roller bearings of the pistons from the troughs of the treadmill, when the pistons are in upper or lower dead points; the presence of lateral pressure of the pistons on the cylinder walls during operation of the machine.

 The claimed invention is aimed at solving problems of simplifying the rodless mechanism of an internal combustion engine.

 The technical result from the use of the invention is as follows: reducing mechanical losses and, as a result, improving efficiency; the elimination of the "fading" of the roller bearings of the piston rods when they pass the upper and lower dead points; elimination of lateral pressure of pistons on cylinder walls; ease of balancing and maintaining sufficient rigidity of the treadmill-rotating disk on the shaft.

 The technical result is achieved by the fact that in an internal combustion engine with a rodless mechanism for converting the reciprocating motion of the pistons into the rotational motion of the working shaft, the cylinders are star-shaped. Pistons with the help of rods are connected by roller bearings at their ends with the internal working edges of the treadmill of the disk rotating on the shaft and movably with guide grooves rigidly connected to the cylinder block. In this case, the treadmill is made profile with identical protrusions and depressions located in the plane of the disk. Each pair of opposed cylinders is offset from their common longitudinal geometric axis in the direction opposite to the working rotation of the disk by a distance equal to the radius of curvature of the protrusion of the treadmill.

 In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a rodless engine, FIG. 2 is a general view of the end of the piston rod with roller bearings.

 The proposed internal combustion engine with a rodless mechanism consists of cylinders 1 evenly spaced relative to the circumference of the disk 2 and connected by a common block 3. Each pair of opposed cylinders 1 is offset, relative to their common longitudinal geometric axis, to the side opposite to the working rotation of the disk 2. The offset distance is the radius of curvature of the protrusion of the treadmill 4. Inside the cylinders 1 there are pistons 5, rigidly connected to the rods 5, at the ends of which the roller bearings 7 and 8. are movably fixed the support 7 movably connects the rods 6 of the pistons 5 with the guide grooves 9, rigidly connected to the cylinder block 3. And the roller support 8 movably connects the rods 6 of the pistons 5 with the inner working edges 10 of the treadmill 4, located on the disk 2, with repeating protrusions 11 and hollows 12. The disk 2 with a treadmill 4 made thereon is connected to the working shaft 13.

 The work of the rodless mechanism is as follows. Each pair of opposed cylinders 1 has the same clock cycle of the engine. The operating order of the engine cylinders 1 is selected in such a way that the working stroke is carried out alternately, in the direction of rotation of the disk 2, in each opposed pair of cylinders 1. During the working stroke, the rods 6 of the opposed pistons 5 create pressure through the roller bearings 8 on the inner working edges of the treadmill 4 on opposite protrusions 11 of the disk 2. Due to the displacement of the cylinders 1, the points of application of this pressure on the disk 2 together with the rods 6 and pistons 5 are also offset from their common axis in the direction opposite to the working rotation of the disk 2, h This creates a torque around the working shaft 13.

 Roller bearings 8 are constantly inside the treadmill 4. When the disk 2 is rotated, its protrusion 11 and troughs 12 interact with the roller bearings 8. In this case, a force arises which displaces the rods 6 from the longitudinal axes of the cylinders 1 and thereby creates lateral pressure of the pistons 5 on the walls of the cylinders 1. This pressure is eliminated by the presence of additional roller bearings 7 at the ends of the rods 6, transmitting lateral pressure to the walls of the guide grooves 9, along which the roller bearings 7. The reciprocating movement of the piston is maintained 5 along the axes of the cylinder 1.

 Due to the displacement of the opposed cylinders 1, when their pistons 5 are in pairs at the top / or bottom / dead center, the ends of the rods 6 connected to it are located at an acute angle relative to the common axis of the extreme points of the opposite protrusions 11 / or troughs 12 / of the treadmill 4. This eliminates the "freezing" of the roller bearings 8 during the passage of these points and contributes to the uniform rotation of the disk 2.

 The mechanism can be used not only for internal combustion engines, but also for drive compressors, pumps, reciprocating gas generators and other reciprocating machines.

Sources of information:
1. Copyright certificate N 118471, cl. F 01 B 9/02, 1974

 2. Copyright certificate N 1423752, cl. F 01 B 7/02, 1988

Claims (2)

 1. An internal combustion engine with a rodless mechanism for converting the reciprocating motion of the pistons into rotational motion of the working shaft, with star-shaped cylinders, the pistons of which are connected by means of rods to the roller bearings at their ends with the internal working edges of the treadmill of the rotating disk rigidly fixed to the shaft, wherein the treadmill is made profile with identical protrusions and depressions located in the plane of the disc, characterized in that the pairs are opposite x cylinders placed uniformly on the circumference of the disc, wherein the cylinders of each pair are offset relative to their common longitudinal geometric axis in the direction opposite to the rotation of the working disk, and the piston rods connected with the guide grooves, is rigidly connected to the cylinder block.  2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacement of the cylinders relative to their common longitudinal geometric axis is made at a distance equal to the radius of curvature of the protrusion of the treadmill.

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