RU2140499C1 - Block or lock brick and wall laying of hollow blocks or bricks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction, applicable for dry brick walling. SUBSTANCE: block or brick is made with one cavity, has grooves and protrusions. The lower part performs the function of longitudinal and lateral grooves, the protrusions have a longitudinal-lateral configuration providing for a "lock" bond in the longitudinal direction by 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, and in the lateral direction by 1/4 of the nominal length of the block or brick, and walling by 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5. . . of the nominal length of the block or brick. The block or brick width is twice smaller than its length. At bonding in the longitudinal and lateral directions the block or brick cavities communicating with one another may be filled with concrete. Walling of hollow blocks or bricks, containing grooves and protrusions, incorporates external and internal versts made of dense aggregate and a backfilling. The backfilling is made of blocks or bricks on porous aggregate. EFFECT: standardized dimensions of block or brick, having grooves and protrusions, enhanced adaptability to walling, strength and seismic stability of walls, prevented "cold bridges". 3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of construction, in particular to the production of wall small-piece materials and the device of them stone walls by dry masonry.

 The dry masonry method is used in the well-known interblock construction system. The wall blocks of this system are hollow and have grooves and protrusions on all four faces, thanks to which the walls are erected without laying mortar in the joints.

 Dry masonry is successfully used in areas with hot and warm climates, but due to the "cold bridges" its use in cold climates is limited.

 A known block or brick with through voids separated by partitions perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and containing grooves and protrusions (SU 239880, 08.30.69). The grooves extend across the block or brick along the corresponding partition. The width of the groove is equal to the double thickness of the side wall. The protrusions have a longitudinal discontinuous configuration.

 The protrusions when pressed easily enter the hollow lower ends of similar stones or blocks stacked above them.

The disadvantages of the known design are:
- the presence of partitions in the block or brick;
- the absence of protrusions having a transverse discontinuous configuration.

 Known masonry walls made of hollow blocks or bricks, including the outer and inner verst, made on a dense filler, and clog (see I.I. Ishchenko, Technology of stone and installation works, M., Higher School, 1988, p.99-103 )

The disadvantages of the known solutions are:
- a clue is made of hollow blocks or bricks on a dense aggregate.

 The technical result is the unification of the dimensions of a block or brick, increasing the manufacturability of masonry walls, increasing the strength and seismic resistance of walls, the complete exclusion of "cold bridges".

 The technical result is achieved in that the block or brick contains grooves, protrusions and is made with one cavity. The lower part of which performs the function of longitudinal and transverse grooves, while the protrusions have a longitudinally-transverse discontinuous configuration, providing bandaging of the masonry "in the lock" in the longitudinal direction by 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, and in the transverse by 1/4 nominal length of a block or brick and masonry walls of 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5 .. the nominal length of the block or brick.

 The width of the proposed block or brick is half its length.

 This meets the requirements of unification, allows you to use any domestic and foreign vibrating presses to produce the proposed brick, changing the matrix and punch.

 A block or brick, when dressing the masonry in the longitudinal and transverse directions, creates such a wall construction in which the cavity of the block or brick, communicating with each other, can be filled with concrete.

 Wall masonry made of hollow blocks or bricks includes an outer and inner milestone made on a dense aggregate and a block, and hollow blocks or bricks contain grooves and protrusions, and the block is made of blocks or bricks on a porous aggregate.

The invention is illustrated by drawings:
figure 1 shows the main view of the block or brick in section;
figure 2 is a top view of figure 1;
figure 3 is a top view of a block or brick in 3/4 of the nominal length;
figure 4 is a top view of a block or brick in 1/4 of the nominal length, where a is the width of the block or brick.

 The shape of the block or brick allows you to produce only one standard size (Fig. 1, 2), which provides masonry walls with a thickness of 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5 ... the nominal length of the block or brick. To improve the dressing of the wall, a block or brick is provided in 3/4 and 1/4 of the nominal length of the block or brick (Fig. 3, 4).

 Longitudinal and transverse grooves and protrusions having a longitudinally-transverse discontinuous configuration, in aggregate, provide ligation of the masonry in the longitudinal direction by 1/4; 1/2; 3/4, and in the transverse direction 1/4 of the nominal length of the block or brick.

 The longitudinally-transverse arrangement of the grooves and the longitudinally-transverse arrangement of the protrusions prevents the mutual displacement of the block or brick in the masonry, i.e. block or brick is going "to the castle."

 The shape of the block or brick and the dressing system allows you to create a wall structure in which the cavity of the block or brick communicates with each other. When filling voids with concrete, the wall is monolithic, which increases its strength and seismic resistance.

 The use of a unified block or brick makes it possible to carry out the outer and inner versts of a block or brick on a dense aggregate, and crap - of a block or brick on a porous aggregate, thereby eliminating “cold bridges”.

Claims (3)

 1. The block or brick, which is hollow, containing grooves and protrusions, characterized in that the block or brick is made with one cavity, the lower part of which performs the function of longitudinal and transverse grooves, and the protrusions have a longitudinally transverse discontinuous configuration that ensures masonry dressing "in castle "in the longitudinal direction by 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, and in the transverse by 1/4 of the nominal length of the block or brick and the wall laying in 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5. . . the nominal length of the block or brick, and the width of the block or brick is two times less than its length.  2. The block or brick according to claim 1, characterized in that when dressing the masonry in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the cavity of the block or brick, communicating with each other, filled with concrete.  3. Wall masonry made of hollow blocks or bricks, including the outer and inner versts made on a dense aggregate, and overcast, characterized in that the hollow blocks or bricks contain grooves and protrusions, and the obstruction is made of blocks or bricks on a porous aggregate.

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